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Future Oncology (London, England) Sep 2020
Topics: Androgens; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Carcinogenesis; Coronavirus Infections; Disease Progression; Esters; Estrogens; Gabexate; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Guanidines; Humans; Lung; Male; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; Pandemics; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Pneumonia, Viral; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Protease Inhibitors; RNA-Seq; SARS-CoV-2; Serine Endopeptidases; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; Virus Internalization; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
PubMed: 32658591
DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0571 -
Korean Journal of Urology Oct 2014Complications after prostate biopsy have increased and various causes have been reported. Growing evidence of increasing quinolone resistance is of particular concern....
PURPOSE
Complications after prostate biopsy have increased and various causes have been reported. Growing evidence of increasing quinolone resistance is of particular concern. In the current retrospective study, we evaluated the incidence of infectious complications after prostate biopsy and identified the risk factors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study population included 1,195 patients who underwent a prostate biopsy between January 2007 and December 2012 at Chung-Ang University Hospital. Cases of febrile UTI that occurred within 7 days were investigated. Clinical information included age, prostate-specific antigen, prostate volume, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, and biopsy done in the quinolone-resistance era. Patients received quinolone (250 mg intravenously) before and after the procedure, and quinolone (250 mg) was orally administered twice daily for 3 days. We used univariate and multivariate analysis to investigate the predictive factors for febrile UTI.
RESULTS
Febrile UTI developed in 39 cases (3.1%). Core numbers increased from 2007 (8 cores) to 2012 (12 cores) and quinolone-resistant bacteria began to appear in 2010 (quinolone-resistance era). In the univariate analysis, core number≥12 (p=0.024), body mass index (BMI)>25 kg/m(2) (p=0.004), and biopsy done in the quinolone-resistance era (p=0.014) were significant factors. However, in the multivariate analysis adjusted for core number, the results were not significant, with the exception of BMI>25 kg/m(2) (p=0.011) and biopsy during the quinolone-resistance era (p=0.035), which were significantly associated with febrile UTI.
CONCLUSIONS
Quinolone resistance is the main cause of postbiopsy infections in our center. We suggest that further evaluation is required to validate similar trends. Novel strategies to find alternative prophylactic agents are also necessary.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Cross Infection; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Fluoroquinolones; Humans; Image-Guided Biopsy; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Prostatic Neoplasms; Republic of Korea; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Ultrasonography, Interventional; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 25324949
DOI: 10.4111/kju.2014.55.10.660 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2022is an obligate, intracellular bacterium responsible for a range of diseases of public health importance, since infection is often asymptomatic and, hence, untreated,... (Review)
Review
is an obligate, intracellular bacterium responsible for a range of diseases of public health importance, since infection is often asymptomatic and, hence, untreated, leading to chronic complications, including prostatitis, infertility, and reactive arthritis. The ample spectrum of diseases caused by infection is reflected in its ability to infect and multiply within a wide range of different cell types. Cervical epithelial cells, to date, have been the most studied cellular infection model, highlighting the peculiar features of the host-cell inflammatory and immune responses to the infection. Herein, we provide the up-to-date evidence on the interaction between and human prostate epithelial, Sertoli and synovial cells.
Topics: Arthritis, Reactive; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male
PubMed: 35174109
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.840802 -
International Journal of Cancer May 2019We previously observed a positive association between seropositivity for the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis and risk of clinically significant prostate cancer at...
We previously observed a positive association between seropositivity for the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis and risk of clinically significant prostate cancer at diagnosis. Here, we examined whether T. vaginalis seropositivity was associated with increased prostate cancer-specific or all-cause mortality among prostate cancer patients. We studied 736 men with prostate cancer from the Physicians' Health Study (PHS) and 749 men with prostate cancer from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS). We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between T. vaginalis serostatus and progression to death from prostate cancer and from all causes. In PHS, 423 men died of any cause during a median follow-up of 13.8 years from the date of cancer diagnosis, among whom 131 died of prostate cancer. In HPFS, there were 287 deaths, including 77 deaths from prostate cancer, during a median follow-up of 12.8 years. We found no association between T. vaginalis serostatus and either prostate cancer mortality or all-cause mortality in either the PHS or HPFS. While previous studies suggest a possible role for T. vaginalis in the development of clinically significant prostate cancer, our findings do not support the hypothesis that T. vaginalis serostatus is associated with mortality among prostate cancer patients.
Topics: Aged; Case-Control Studies; Disease Progression; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Trichomonas Vaginitis; Trichomonas vaginalis
PubMed: 30242839
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31885 -
Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Apr 2023To evaluate the feasibility and safety of bipolar-plasmakinetic transurethral enucleation and resection of the prostate (B-TUERP) in day surgery.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the feasibility and safety of bipolar-plasmakinetic transurethral enucleation and resection of the prostate (B-TUERP) in day surgery.
METHODS
From January 2021 to August 2022, 34 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) underwent B-TUERP in day surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. Patients completed the screening and anesthesia evaluation before admission and received the standard surgery which implements "anatomical enucleation of the prostate" and "absolute bleeding control" on the same day of admission, and by the same doctor. Bladder irrigation was stopped, catheter was removed and the discharge evaluation was performed on the first day after operation. The baseline data, perioperative conditions, time of recovery, treatment outcomes, hospitalization costs, and postoperative complications were analyzed.
RESULTS
All operations were successfully conducted. The average age of the patients was (62.2±7.8) years, average prostate volume was (50.2±29.3) mL. The average operation time was (36.5±19.1) min, the average hemoglobin and blood sodium were decreased by (16.2±7.1) g/L and (2.2±2.0) mmol/L, respectively. The average postoperative length of hospital stay, and total length of hospital stay were (17.7±2.2) and (20.8±2.1) h, respectively, and the average hospitalization cost was (13 558±2320) CNY. All patients were discharged on the day after surgery except for one patient who was transferred to a general ward. Three patients received indwelling catheterization after catheter removal. The 3-month follow-up results showed a substantial improvement in the International Prostate Symptom Score, quality of life score and maximum urinary flow rate (all <0.01). Three patients experienced temporary urinary incontinence, 1 patient experienced urinary tract infection, 4 patients were diagnosed with urethral stricture and 2 patients experienced bladder neck contracture. No complications above Clavien grade Ⅱ occurred.
CONCLUSIONS
The preliminary results showed that B-TUERP ambulatory surgery is a safe, feasible, economical and effective treatment for appropriately selected patients with BPH.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Aged; Prostate; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Quality of Life; Feasibility Studies; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37283098
DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0643 -
Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging Nov 2014Intractable hematuria from the bladder or the prostate can be life-threatening and its management remains a difficult clinical problem. Severe bleeding can arise as a... (Review)
Review
Intractable hematuria from the bladder or the prostate can be life-threatening and its management remains a difficult clinical problem. Severe bleeding can arise as a result of radiation cystitis, bladder carcinoma, cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis, severe infection, transurethral resection of the prostate and prostate cancer. When irrigation of the bladder through a three-way catheter and fulguration of the bleeding lesions fail to stop the hematuria, a life-threatening situation can develop, when blood transfusion fails to keep pace with the rate of blood loss. Patients with massive uncontrollable hematuria are often elderly and unfit for cystectomy as a treatment. Many urologists have had to manage this difficult problem, and several different treatments have been attempted and described, with varying degrees of success. Transcatheter arterial embolization of the vesical or prostatic arteries is occasionally indicated in these patients when all other measures have failed. There is limited published experience with this procedure, but success in 90% of patients is reported when the vesical or prostatic arteries can be identified. The aim of this review is to describe the current place of transcatheter arterial embolization in the management of severe bladder or prostate bleeding after failed conservative therapy, and to review its efficacy and morbidity.
Topics: Angiography; Embolization, Therapeutic; Female; Hematuria; Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostatic Diseases; Treatment Outcome; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Bladder Diseases
PubMed: 24746761
DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2014.03.008 -
Journal of Cellular and Molecular... Apr 2021TMPRSS2 (OMIM: 602060) is a cellular protease involved in many physiological and pathological processes, and it facilitates entry of viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 into host...
TMPRSS2 (OMIM: 602060) is a cellular protease involved in many physiological and pathological processes, and it facilitates entry of viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 into host cells. It is important to predict the prostate's susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients and the disease outcome by assessing TMPRSS2 expression in cancer tissues. In this study, we conducted the expression profiles of the TMPRSS2 gene for COVID-19 in different normal tissues and PRAD (prostate adenocarcinoma) tumour tissues. TMPRSS2 is highly expressed in normal tissues including the small intestine, prostate, pancreas, salivary gland, colon, stomach, seminal vesicle and lung, and is increased in PRAD tissues, indicating that SARS-CoV-2 might attack not only the lungs and other normal organs, but also in PRAD cancer tissues. Hypomethylation of TMPRSS2 promoter may not be the mechanism for TMPRSS2 overexpression in PRAD tissues and PRAD pathogenesis. TMPRSS2 expresses eleven isoforms in PRAD tissues, with the TMPRSS2-001 isoform expressed highest and followed by TMPRSS2-201. Further isoform structures prediction showed that these two highly expressed isoforms have both SRCR_2 and Trypsin (Tryp_SPc) domains, which may be essential for TMPRSS2 functional roles for tumorigenesis and entry for SARS-CoV-2 in PRAD patients. Analyses of functional annotation and enrichment in TMPRSS2 showed that TMPRSS2 is mostly enriched in regulation of viral entry into host cells, protein processing and serine-type peptidase activity. TMPRSS2 is also associated with prostate gland cancer cell expression, different complex(es) formation, human influenza and carcinoma, pathways in prostate cancer, influenza A, and transcriptional misregulation in cancer. Altogether, even though high expression of TMPRSS2 may not be favourable for PRAD patient's survival, increased expression in these patients should play roles in susceptibility of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and clinical severity for COVID-19, highlighting the value of protective actions of PRAD cases by targeting or androgen-mediated therapeutic strategies in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; COVID-19; DNA Methylation; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Gene Ontology; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Male; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; SARS-CoV-2; Serine Endopeptidases
PubMed: 33609069
DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16385 -
International Braz J Urol : Official... 2024
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostate; Prostatitis; Tuberculosis, Male Genital
PubMed: 37624660
DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2023.0299 -
Physica Medica : PM : An International... Aug 2023The National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom (UK) is aiming to be carbon net zero by 2040 to help limit the dangerous effects of climate change. Radiotherapy...
PURPOSE
The National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom (UK) is aiming to be carbon net zero by 2040 to help limit the dangerous effects of climate change. Radiotherapy contributes to this with potential sources quantified here.
METHOD
Activity data for 42 patients from within the breast IMRT and prostate VMAT pathways were collected. Data for 20 prostate patients was also collected from 3 other centres to enable cross centre comparison. A process-based, bottom-up approach was used to calculate the carbon footprint. Additionally, patients were split into pre-COVID and COVID groups to assess the impact of protocol changes due to the pandemic.
RESULTS
The calculated carbon footprint for prostate and breast pre-COVID were 148 kgCOe and 101 kgCOe respectively, and 226 kgCOe and 75 kgCOe respectively during COVID. The energy usage by the linac during treatment for a total course of radiotherapy for prostate treatments was 2-3 kWh and about 1 kWh for breast treatments. Patient travel made up the largest proportion (70-80%) of the calculated carbon footprint, with linac idle power second with ∼ 10% and PPE and SF leakage were both between 2 and 4%.
CONCLUSION
These initial findings highlight that the biggest contributor to the external beam radiotherapy carbon footprint was patient travel, which may motivate increased used of hypofractionation. Many assumptions and boundaries have been set on the data gathered, which limit the wider application of these results. However, they provide a useful foundation for future more comprehensive life cycle assessments.
Topics: Male; Humans; Carbon Footprint; State Medicine; COVID-19; United Kingdom; Prostate
PubMed: 37552912
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2023.102652 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2023To explore whether type III prostatitis is related to bacterial infection by detecting the composition and function of microorganisms in expressed prostatic secretion...
OBJECTIVE
To explore whether type III prostatitis is related to bacterial infection by detecting the composition and function of microorganisms in expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) of patients with chronic prostatitis (CP) and healthy people.
METHODS
According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 57 subjects were included in our study, divided into the healthy group, type II prostatitis group, and type III prostatitis group. 16s rRNA sequencing technique was used to detect and analyze the microbial composition of EPS in each group. Additionally, the metagenomics sequencing technique was used to further explore the function of different bacteria in the type III prostatitis group. Data analysis was performed by bioinformatics software, and the results were statistically significant when P<0.05.
RESULTS
Many microorganisms exist in EPS in both CP patients and healthy populations. However, the relative abundance of , , , , and in CP patients (including type II and III) were significantly different. Still, the relative abundance of different bacteria in type II prostatitis patients was much higher than in type III. The metagenomics sequencing results for the type III prostatitis group showed that the different bacteria had certain biological functions.
CONCLUSION
Based on our sequencing results and previous studies, we suggest that type III prostatitis may also be caused by bacterial infection.
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostatitis; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Chronic Disease; Bacterial Infections; Bacteria
PubMed: 37465760
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1189081