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Plant Disease Jul 2022Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) is an economically important crop, and its productivity is challenged due to pathogen infection. In 2020 and 2021, a previously...
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) is an economically important crop, and its productivity is challenged due to pathogen infection. In 2020 and 2021, a previously uncharacterized disease was observed on field grown tobacco (Variety NC102) in Zhucheng City, Shandong Province, China (119°7'14" E, 36°0'58" N), where tobacco has been grown for decades. The disease can be found throughout the growth period of tobacco and mainly occurred from fast growing period (about 13-16 leaves) to leaf maturity stage. In severely diseased areas, the incidence rate can reach 100%. The symptoms first began as chlorotic water stain like small spots, then the spots merged into larger irregular necrotic maculae around the chlorotic halos. Small pieces of symptomatic leaves from 10 different infected plants were collected for pathogen isolation. The small pieces of discolored leaves were surface sterilized with 75% ethanol for 40s and washed with sterile water for three times. The sterilized leaves were ground with a glass rod with 1mL sterile water, and 100 μL suspensions were spread on nutrient agar medium then incubated at 28oC for 48 hours. Yellow round colonies with undulating edges were showed up on nutrient agar medium 48 hours later. Three isolates were randomly picked up from each of the 10 plates for subsequent analysis. After purification and culture on nutrient agar plate, the 16S rRNA gene of the 30 isolates were amplified with primers 27F and 1492R and the amplicons were sequenced and analyzed by sequence alignment. The sequence alignment results showed that the 16S rRNA nucleotide identity of the 30 isolates were 100%. One typical isolate named ZC5 was selected for subsequent analysis, and the resulting 16S rRNA sequence was deposited at GenBank, NCBI under accession OK092624. The 16S rRNA sequence identity with those of P. psychrotolerans strain K3-2 (KY882083) and M3-1 (KY882120) were 100%, respectively. The phenotypic analysis by Biolog Gen Ⅲ indicated that the bacterial isolate (ZC5) showed highest similarity (98.3%) with strain Pseudomonas oryzihabitans. P. oryzihabitans and P. psychrotolerans have a high degree of homology in the phylogenetic relationship based on the phylogenetic analysis of three concatenated sequences of gyrB, rpoB and rpoD genes (Mulet et al. 2010). The gyrB (ON462356), rpoB (ON462355), rpoD (ON462357) gene of isolate ZC5were also amplified and sequenced by using primers gyrB-For/gyrB-Rev, rpoB-For/rpoB-Rev and rpoD-For/rpoD-Rev (Hauser et al. 2004), respectively. While P. psychrotolerans and P. oryzihabitans form the same clade in phylogenies, strains of P. psychrotolerans do form a unique sub-clade. Isolate ZC5 clustered more closely with the type strain of P. psychrotolerans LMG 21977 in the phylogenetic tree. Therefore, based on the concatenated sequences of three genes (gyrB, rpoB and rpoD), the isolate ZC5 was confirmed as P. psychrotolerans. Based on morphological, Biolog characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, the isolate was identified as P. psychrotolerans. The tobacco plants at fast growing stage were selected for pathogenicity tests. Pathogenicity tests were conducted by injecting 10 μL bacterial suspension (108cfu/mL) of ZC5 into tobacco leaves with a syringe. Sterile water was inoculated into the tobacco leaves in the same way as the control. Six plants were selected for pathogenicity tests each time and five leaves of each tobacco plant were inoculated, and the tests were repeated three times. To simulate disease conditions in the natural environment, the inoculated plants were moved outdoors. The average temperature was 32°C during the day and 20°C at night. To maintain humidity, the tobacco leaves were sprayed with water every two days. Symptoms appeared on the pathogen inoculated leaves seven days after inoculation, whereas the control treatment remained symptomless. The pathogens were reisolated from diseased leaves and identified as P. psychrotolerans based on morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analysis, which fulfilled Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of tobacco bacterial leaf spot caused by P. psychrotolerans.
PubMed: 35852908
DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-05-22-1069-PDN -
Malawi Medical Journal : the Journal of... Dec 2023Various infective complications can be seen after a dental procedure. They are rarely resistant to standard therapy. In the case we present, a case of preseptal...
Various infective complications can be seen after a dental procedure. They are rarely resistant to standard therapy. In the case we present, a case of preseptal cellulitis caused by pseudomonas oryzihabitans after tooth extraction in a male patient who did not have any underlying cause. As in our case, evaluation of the cases resistant to standard treatment in terms of drainage and multidisciplinary management of culture results together with infectious diseases will increase the treatment success rate.
Topics: Humans; Male; Cellulitis; Pseudomonas; Eyelid Diseases; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 38362568
DOI: 10.4314/mmj.v35i4.7 -
Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions :... Feb 2020In endophytes, the abundance of genes coding for enzymes processing reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide (HO), argues for a crucial role of ROS...
In endophytes, the abundance of genes coding for enzymes processing reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide (HO), argues for a crucial role of ROS metabolism in plant-microbe interaction for plant colonization. Here, we studied HO metabolism of bread wheat ( L.) seeds and their microbiota during germination and early seedling growth, the most vulnerable stages in the plant life cycle. Treatment with hot steam diminished the seed microbiota, and these seeds produced less extracellular HO than untreated seeds. Using a culture-dependent approach, and genera were the most abundant epiphytes of dry untreated seeds. Incubating intact seedlings from hot steam-treated seeds with strains triggered HO production, whereas strains dampened HO levels, attributable to higher catalase activities. The genus was much less represented among seedling endophytes than genus , with other endophytic genera, including and , also possessing high catalase activities. Overall, our results show that certain bacteria of the seed microbiota are able to modulate the extracellular redox environment during germination and early seedling growth, and high catalase activity is proposed as a key trait of seed endophytes.
Topics: Germination; Hydrogen Peroxide; Oxidation-Reduction; Seedlings; Seeds; Triticum
PubMed: 31631769
DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-09-19-0248-R -
Standards in Genomic Sciences 2017We report here the draft genome sequences of eight bacterial strains of the genera , and . These isolates were obtained from aerosol sampling of bathrooms of five...
Draft genome sequences of eight bacteria isolated from the indoor environment: strain H36, strain H65, strain H62, strain H69, sp. strain H83, strain H39, sp. strain H53, and strain H72.
We report here the draft genome sequences of eight bacterial strains of the genera , and . These isolates were obtained from aerosol sampling of bathrooms of five residences in the San Francisco Bay area. Taxonomic classifications as well as the genome sequence and gene annotation of the isolates are described. As part of the "Built Environment Reference Genome" project, these isolates and associated genome data provide valuable resources for studying the microbiology of the built environment.
PubMed: 28163826
DOI: 10.1186/s40793-017-0223-9 -
Veterinaria Italiana Jul 2021In recent years, due to the growing phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance, the search for alternative strategies to antibiotic treatments is increasing and a...
In recent years, due to the growing phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance, the search for alternative strategies to antibiotic treatments is increasing and a considerable interest for the use of medical honey in clinical practice has emerged. Honey has been used for the treatment of skin lesions, in both humans and animals. However, knowledge concerning the use of medical honey in non‑traditional companion animals is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of a standardized medical honey (Revamil, BFactory) against bacterial strains isolated from skin lesions of non‑traditional companion animals. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Revamil honey against seventeen clinical isolates and three reference strains was established.The medical honey showed antimicrobial activity against both Gram‑positive and Gram‑negative bacteria. Growth was inhibited for all the strains at concentrations of medical honey ranging from 10 to 40%. Pseudomonas oryzihabitans and Alcaligenes faecalis showed the lowest MBC (10%). The reference strain Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 showed a higher sensitivity to 20% honey compare to the corresponding clinical isolate (P = 0.001). The observed results suggest that Revamil could represent an effective therapeutic aid, useful for the reduction of antibiotic use, in case of pathological skin infections in non‑traditional companion animals.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Honey; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pets
PubMed: 34971500
DOI: 10.12834/VetIt.1964.12937.1 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Jun 2021Indoor air quality in health centers is essential to protect the health of people. In Chile, the Community Family Health Centers (CECOSF) are places with large...
BACKGROUND
Indoor air quality in health centers is essential to protect the health of people. In Chile, the Community Family Health Centers (CECOSF) are places with large attendance of people, favoring the dissemination of microorganisms, and there are no reports of the microbial air loading these health centers.
AIM
To evaluate the microbiological indoor air quality in CECOSF-Centinela in Talcahuano, Biobío Region.
METHODS
Air samples were taken in 6 rooms of the CECOSF, every 15 days between July 2018 and June 2019, with the MAS-100 NT equipment using trypticase and Sabouraud agars. Different morphotypes of bacteria and fungi were identified by PCR.
RESULTS
The bacterial and fungal counts varied between 9.1 × 101 - 2.4 × 103 cfu/m3 and 10 - 1.5 × 102 cfu/m3, respectively. The air in the waiting room presented the highest counts, both for bacteria and fungi (P < 0.05). Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter were identified, highlighting the species Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, the latter described as a nosocomial pathogen. Among the fungi, Aspergillus, Meyerozyma and Rhodotorula were identified.
CONCLUSION
The indoor air of the CECOSF-Centinela presents microorganisms of importance in human health. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate more regular monitoring programs for the control of air quality inside these health centers.
Topics: Air Microbiology; Air Pollution, Indoor; Chile; Colony Count, Microbial; Environmental Monitoring; Family Health; Fungi; Humans; Pseudomonas
PubMed: 34479287
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182021000300324 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Apr 2017Cotton seeds are frequently treated with acid to remove fibres and reduce seed-transmitted diseases. This process also eliminates beneficial bacteria on the seed...
AIMS
Cotton seeds are frequently treated with acid to remove fibres and reduce seed-transmitted diseases. This process also eliminates beneficial bacteria on the seed surface. The goal of this research was to seek and apply beneficial bacteria to acid delinted cotton seeds to evaluate their growth-promoting and salt stress alleviating effects in seedlings.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Bacteria were isolated from non-cultivated plants in the Malvaceae. Seeds were collected from Portia tree (Thespesia populnea) and wild cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) from coastal and arid areas of Puerto Rico. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum and Pseudomonas oryzihabitans were inoculated onto acid delinted cotton seeds. Bacteria increased cotton seed germination and length of emerging seedling radicles. Cotton seeds were inoculated with B. amyloliquefaciens to evaluate growth and root architecture of non-stressed and salt stressed seedlings. Inoculating cotton seeds with B. amyloliquefaciens led to a greater percentage of seedlings with expanded cotyledons after 8 days, enhanced primary and lateral root growth, and altered root architecture. Similar results were obtained when okra seeds were inoculated with B. amyloliquefaciens.
CONCLUSION
The data supported the hypothesis that non-cultivated plants in the Malvaceae growing in stressful environments possess bacteria that promote growth, alter root architecture and alleviate salt stress of cotton and okra seedlings.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
This study demonstrated the effects of applying beneficial bacteria on acid delinted cotton seeds. Inoculating seeds with salt stress alleviating bacteria could improve the growth of crop seedlings that are vulnerable to soil salinization.
Topics: Bacteria; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; Germination; Gossypium; Plant Roots; Salinity; Seedlings; Seeds; Stress, Physiological
PubMed: 28176460
DOI: 10.1111/jam.13414 -
Microorganisms Jan 2022Users of prosthetic devices face the accumulation of potentially drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria on the skin/prosthesis interface. In this study, we took surface...
The Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms including Acquired from the Skin/Prosthetic Interface of Amputees and Their Susceptibility to Medihoney™ and Garlic Extract (Allicin).
Users of prosthetic devices face the accumulation of potentially drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria on the skin/prosthesis interface. In this study, we took surface swabs of the skin/prosthesis interface of eleven disabled athletes to identify microorganisms present. In addition to determining their antimicrobial resistance profile, we assessed their sensitivity to Manuka honey and Garlic extract (allicin). Eleven volunteers were directed to swab the skin at the skin/prosthesis interface. After initial isolation of microorganisms, we employed the following general microbiological methods: Gram stain, Catalase test, Oxidase test, lactose fermenting capability, haemolytic capability, Staphaurex, mannitol fermenting capability, Streptex; API Staph, 20E, Candida, and BBL crystal identification system tests. Once identified, isolates were analysed for their sensitivity to penicillin, erythromycin, ampicillin, vancomycin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and colistin-sulphate. Isolates were also analysed for their sensitivity to allicin (Garlic Extract (GE)) and Manuka honey (Medihoney™) (MH). Eleven isolates were identified spp., spp., , and . All isolates were resistant to 1 unit of penicillin and 10 μg of ampicillin was observed to have the widest range of resistance with observed resistance against five of the eight antimicrobials employed in this study. This study highlights the prevalence of uncommon drug-resistant microorganisms on the skin within a vulnerable population, highlighting the potential for MH or GE intervention.
PubMed: 35208754
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020299 -
Clinical Case Reports Aug 2019Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is one of the neglected chronic inflammatory disorders which has not efficient treatment. These patients were susceptible to various...
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is one of the neglected chronic inflammatory disorders which has not efficient treatment. These patients were susceptible to various infectious diseases because of their changes in immuneresponse. Also, HS pathogenesis remains unclear and its report can create novel insight into mechanism and pathogenesis of this infection. Moreover, given that different susceptibility patterns of spp this species should be identified to the species level; molecular methods are rapid, inexpensive, and reliable method for identification of infectious agents to the species level and appropriate treatment of infections.
PubMed: 31428378
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.2265 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2017Tobacco products, specifically cigarettes, are home to microbial ecosystems that may play an important role in the generation of carcinogenic tobacco-specific...
Tobacco products, specifically cigarettes, are home to microbial ecosystems that may play an important role in the generation of carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), as well as the onset of multiple adverse human health effects associated with the use of these products. Therefore, we conducted time-series experiments with five commercially available brands of cigarettes that were either commercially mentholated, custom-mentholated, user-mentholated, or non-mentholated. To mimic user storage conditions, the cigarettes were incubated for 14 days under three different temperatures and relative humidities (i.e., pocket, refrigerator, and room). Overall, 360 samples were collected over the course of 2 weeks and total DNA was extracted, PCR amplified for the V3V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. A subset of samples ( = 32) was also analyzed via liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for two TSNAs: '-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Comparative analyses of the five tobacco brands revealed bacterial communities dominated by , , and , with relatively stable in abundance regardless of storage condition. In addition, core bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified in all samples and included sp., sp., unknown , sp., sp., , and . Additional OTUs were identified that significantly changed in relative abundance between day 0 and day 14, influenced by brand and storage condition. In addition, small but statistically significant increases in NNN levels were observed in user- and commercially mentholated brands between day 0 and day 14 at pocket conditions. These data suggest that manufacturing and user manipulations, such as mentholation and storage conditions, may directly impact the microbiome of cigarette tobacco as well as the levels of carcinogens.
PubMed: 28326071
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00358