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Molecular Microbiology Mar 2018Bacterial response to metals can require complex regulation. We report an overlapping regulation for copper and zinc resistance genes in the denitrifying bacterium,...
Bacterial response to metals can require complex regulation. We report an overlapping regulation for copper and zinc resistance genes in the denitrifying bacterium, Pseudomonas stutzeri RCH2, by three two-component regulatory proteins CopR1, CopR2 and CzcR. We conducted genome-wide evaluations to identify gene targets of two paralogous regulators, CopR1 and CopR2, annotated for copper signaling, and compared the results with the gene targets for CzcR, implicated in zinc signaling. We discovered that the CopRs and CzcR have largely common targets, and crossregulate a core set of P. stutzeri copper and zinc responsive genes. We established that this crossregulation is enabled by a conserved binding motif in the upstream regulatory regions of the target genes. The crossregulation is physiologically relevant as these regulators synergistically and antagonistically target multicopper oxidases, metal efflux and sequestration systems. CopR1 and CopR2 upregulate two cop operons encoding copper tolerance genes, while all three regulators downregulate a putative copper chaperone, Psest_1595. CzcR also upregulated the oprD gene and the CzcIABC Zn efflux system, while CopR1 and CopR2 downregulated these genes. Our study suggests that crossregulation of copper and zinc homeostasis can be advantageous, and in P. stutzeri this is enabled by shared binding motifs for multiple response regulators.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Copper; DNA, Bacterial; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Homeostasis; Molecular Chaperones; Operon; Protein Binding; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Signal Transduction; Zinc
PubMed: 29341298
DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13909 -
Archives of Razi Institute Oct 2022Psoriasis is an autoimmune, persistent, inflammatory skin illness that is influenced by a variety of circumstances. Psoriasis etiology is strongly linked to bacteria,...
Psoriasis is an autoimmune, persistent, inflammatory skin illness that is influenced by a variety of circumstances. Psoriasis etiology is strongly linked to bacteria, particularly those in the pharynx and skin. This research intended to deepen our understanding by elucidating the connection between the skin microbiome and psoriasis to improve therapeutic balance using probiotics, antimicrobials, and even topical microbiota transplantation. In this work, the culture-dependent approach is utilized to compare the skin microbiomes of psoriatic and healthy individuals. On brane-heart infusion agar, swabs from 60 psoriasis patients in the flare-up stag and 40 healthy controls were cultured and grown for 48 hours. The resultant colonies were then subcultured and purified to produce a single pure colony. Using Macconkey agar for preliminary colony identification, Vitek then characterized the purified colonies. The results revealed substantial bacterial species and phyla variations between psoriatic patients and healthy controls. In addition, increased rates of opportunistic infections and were detected in psoriatic patients' normal skin and lesions.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Agar; Bacteria; Culture Media; Psoriasis; Skin
PubMed: 37123117
DOI: 10.22092/ARI.2022.359398.2414 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Feb 2023Crude oil pollution is environmentally ubiquitous and has become a global public concern about its impact on human health. Asphaltenes are the key components of heavy...
Biodegradation of asphaltenes by an indigenous bioemulsifier-producing Pseudomonas stutzeri YWX-1 from shale oil in the Ordos Basin: Biochemical characterization and complete genome analysis.
Crude oil pollution is environmentally ubiquitous and has become a global public concern about its impact on human health. Asphaltenes are the key components of heavy crude oil (HCO) that are underutilized due to their high viscosity and density, and yet, the associated information about biodegradation is extremely limited in the literature. In the present study, an indigenous bacterium with effective asphaltene-degrading activity was isolated from oil shale and identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri by a polyphasic taxonomic approach, named YWX-1. Supplemented with 75 g L heavy crude oil as the sole carbon source for growth in basic mineral salts liquid medium (MSM), strain YWX-1 was able to remove 49% of asphaletene fractions within 14 days, when it was cultivated with an initial inoculation size of 1%. During the degradation process, the bioemulsifier produced by strain YWX-1 could emulsify HCO obviously into particles, as well as it had the ability to solubilize asphaletenes. The bioemulsifier was identified to be a mixture of polysaccharide and protein through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The genome of strain YWX-1 contains one circular chromosome of 4488441 bp with 63.98% GC content and 4145 protein coding genes without any plasmid. Further genome annotation indicated that strain YWX-1 possesses a serial of genes involved in bio-emulsification and asphaltenes biodegradation. This work suggested that P. stutzeri YWX-1 could be a promising species for bioremediation of HCO and its genome analysis provided insight into the molecular basis of asphaltene biodegradation and bioemulsifier production.
Topics: Humans; Biodegradation, Environmental; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Petroleum; Minerals
PubMed: 36669280
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114551 -
BMC Microbiology Apr 2019Pythium insidiosum is a member of the oomycetes class of aquatic fungus-like microorganisms. It can infect humans and animals through skin wounds and the eyes, causing...
BACKGROUND
Pythium insidiosum is a member of the oomycetes class of aquatic fungus-like microorganisms. It can infect humans and animals through skin wounds and the eyes, causing pythiosis, an infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. Antifungal agents are ineffective as pythiosis treatments because ergosterol, the target site of most antifungal agents, is not found in the P. insidiosum cytoplasmic membrane. The best choice for treatment is surgical removal of the infected organ. While natural plant products or secretory substances from bacterial flora have exhibited in vitro anti-P. insidiosum activity, their mechanism of action remains unknown. Therefore, this study hypothesized that the mechanism of action could be related to changes in P. insidiosum biochemical composition (such as lipid, carbohydrate, protein or nucleic acid) following exposure to the inhibitory substances. The biochemical composition of P. insidiosum was investigated by Synchrotron radiation-based Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy.
RESULTS
Fraction No.6 from the crude extract of P. stutzeri ST1302, fraction No.1 from the crude extract of K. pneumoniae ST2501 and xanthyletin were used as anti-P. insidiosum substances, with MFCs at 3.125, 1.57-1.91, 0.003 mg/ml, respectively. The synchrotron FTIR results show that the deconvoluted peak distributions in the amide I, amide II, and mixed regions were significantly different between the treatment and control groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Xanthyletin and the secondary metabolites from P. stutzeri ST1302 and K. pneumoniae ST2501 exerted anti-P. insidiosum activity that clearly changed the proteins in P. insidiosum. Further study, including proteomics analysis and in vivo susceptibility testing, should be undertaken to develop a better understanding of the mechanism of anti-P. insidiosum activity.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Coumarins; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Pythium; Secondary Metabolism; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
PubMed: 30991991
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1452-4 -
Cancer Medicine May 2018Cervical microbiota composition is associated with cervical HPV infection and CIN severity. Previous studies only assessed the total association between cervical...
Cervical microbiota composition is associated with cervical HPV infection and CIN severity. Previous studies only assessed the total association between cervical microbiota and HPV infections or CINs, and yet no study reported the direct and indirect associations between cervical microbiota and CINs mediated by HPV infection, respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate the direct and indirect associations between microbiotas and CIN severity. Cervical microbiota of 126 women with CIN 1- (normal cytology and CIN 1) and 40 with CIN 2+ (CIN 2 and CIN 3) were analyzed using Illumina sequencing based on the 16S rRNA gene. HPV was detected using a highly sensitive PCR primer set (SPF1/GP6+). Indirect effects of Pseudomonas stutzeri, Bacteroides fragilis, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Atopobium vaginae, and Streptococcus agalactiae mediated by HPV infection on CIN status were observed. The directions of the direct and the indirect associations between CIN status and Ps. stutzeri were opposite. The directions of the direct and the indirect associations between CIN status and A. vaginae were the same. B. fragilis, L. delbrueckii, and S. agalactiae only had indirect association with CIN status. In summary, our study provided suggestive evidence that some microbial populations could have direct or indirect effects mediated by affecting HPV infection on CIN progression. Besides HPV infection, microbial community composition possibly plays a role in cervical carcinogenesis.
Topics: Bacteria; Base Sequence; Cervix Uteri; China; Female; Humans; Microbiota; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia
PubMed: 29608253
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1471 -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta Dec 2016Cytochrome cbb (also known as C-type) oxidases belong to the family of heme-copper terminal oxidases which couple at the end of the respiratory chain the reduction of...
Cytochrome cbb (also known as C-type) oxidases belong to the family of heme-copper terminal oxidases which couple at the end of the respiratory chain the reduction of molecular oxygen into water and the pumping of protons across the membrane. They are expressed most often at low pressure of O and they exhibit a low homology of sequence with the cytochrome aa (A-type) oxidases found in mitochondria. Their binuclear active site comprises a high-spin heme b associated with a Cu center. The protein also contains one low-spin heme b and 3 hemes c. We address here the redox properties of cbb oxidases from three organisms, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Vibrio cholerae and Pseudomonas stutzeri by means of electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques. We show that the redox potential of the heme b exhibits a relatively low midpoint potential, as in related cytochrome c-dependent nitric oxide reductases. Potential implications for the coupled electron transfer and proton uptake mechanism of C-type oxidases are discussed.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Cytochrome-c Peroxidase; Electron Transport; Electron Transport Complex IV; Heme; Hydrogen Bonding; Ligands; Membrane Potentials; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Oxygen; Potentiometry; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protons; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Rhodobacter sphaeroides; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vibrio cholerae
PubMed: 27664317
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.09.009 -
Biotechnology Reports (Amsterdam,... Mar 2020In this work, was used for the optimum biogenic synthesis of antibacterial silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) which were applied for colorimetric detection of platinum ions...
In this work, was used for the optimum biogenic synthesis of antibacterial silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) which were applied for colorimetric detection of platinum ions (Pt). The optimum synthesis conditions were 2 mM AgNO pH 9 and incubation at 60 °C for 24 h. The FTIR spectra indicated that biomolecules such as amino acids, proteins or enzymes from were involved in the synthesis of AgNPs in the size range of 10-50 nm. Among the various metal ions tested and screened initially, the colloidal AgNPs probe-based colorimetric assay selectively detected Pt with 50 ppm as the limit of detection (LOD). The assay demonstrated in the present study quantitatively recovered Pt in the range of 70-150 % with good accuracy and precision. Further, the test of antibacterial activity of AgNPs alone, and in combination with ampicillin showed excellent activity against four of the six tested bacteria.
PubMed: 31867229
DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00404 -
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Jun 2017The surfactant sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) is widely used in the composition of detergents and frequently ends up in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). While...
The surfactant sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) is widely used in the composition of detergents and frequently ends up in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). While aerobic SLES degradation is well studied, little is known about the fate of this compound in anoxic environments, such as denitrification tanks of WWTPs, nor about the bacteria involved in the anoxic biodegradation. Here, we used SLES as sole carbon and energy source, at concentrations ranging from 50 to 1000 mg L, to enrich and isolate nitrate-reducing bacteria from activated sludge of a WWTP with the anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (A/O) concept. In the 50 mg L enrichment, Comamonas (50%), Pseudomonas (24%), and Alicycliphilus (12%) were present at higher relative abundance, while Pseudomonas (53%) became dominant in the 1000 mg L enrichment. Aeromonas hydrophila strain S7, Pseudomonas stutzeri strain S8, and Pseudomonas nitroreducens strain S11 were isolated from the enriched cultures. Under denitrifying conditions, strains S8 and S11 degraded 500 mg L SLES in less than 1 day, while strain S7 required more than 6 days. Strains S8 and S11 also showed a remarkable resistance to SLES, being able to grow and reduce nitrate with SLES concentrations up to 40 g L. Strain S11 turned out to be the best anoxic SLES degrader, degrading up to 41% of 500 mg L. The comparison between SLES anoxic and oxic degradation by strain S11 revealed differences in SLES cleavage, degradation, and sulfate accumulation; both ester and ether cleavage were probably employed in SLES anoxic degradation by strain S11.
Topics: Aeromonas; Biodegradation, Environmental; Carbon; Comamonadaceae; Comamonas; Denitrification; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Oxidation-Reduction; Pseudomonas; Sewage; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Surface-Active Agents
PubMed: 28299401
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8212-x -
Deutsches Arzteblatt International Jul 2017Highly effective measures to prevent surgical wound infections have been established over the last two decades. We studied whether the strict separation of septic and... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Highly effective measures to prevent surgical wound infections have been established over the last two decades. We studied whether the strict separation of septic and aseptic procedure rooms is still necessary.
METHODS
In an exploratory, prospective observational study, the microbial concentration in an operating room without a room ventilating system (RVS) was analyzed during 16 septic and 14 aseptic operations with the aid of an air sampler (50 cm and 1 m from the operative field) and sedimentation plates (1 m from the operative field, and contact culture on the walls). The means and standard deviations of the microbial loads were compared with the aid of GEE models (generalized estimation equations).
RESULTS
In the comparison of septic and aseptic operations, no relevant differences were found with respect to the overall microbial concentration in the room air (401.7 ± 176.3 versus 388.2 ± 178.3 CFU/m; p = 0.692 [CFU, colony-forming units]) or sedimentation 1 m from the operative field (45.3 ± 22.0 versus 48.7 ± 18.5 CFU/m/min; p = 0.603) and on the walls (35.7 ± 43.7 versus 29.0 ± 49.4 CFU/m/min; p = 0.685). The only relevant differences between the microbial spectra associated with the two types of procedure were a small amount of sedimentation of and in septic operations, and of and in aseptic operations, up to 30 minutes after the end of the procedure.
CONCLUSION
These data do not suggest that septic and aseptic procedure rooms need to be separated. In interpreting the findings, one should recall that the study was not planned as an equivalence or non-inferiority study. Wherever patient safety is concerned, high-level safety concepts should only be demoted to lower levels if new and convincing evidence becomes available.
Topics: Air Microbiology; Humans; Operating Rooms; Prospective Studies; Surgical Wound Infection
PubMed: 28764834
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2017.0465 -
Metabolites May 2023Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can colonize plant root surfaces or form biofilms to promote plant growth and enhance plant resistance to harsh external...
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can colonize plant root surfaces or form biofilms to promote plant growth and enhance plant resistance to harsh external environments. However, plant-PGPR interactions, especially chemical signaling molecules, are poorly understood. This study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the rhizosphere interaction mechanisms between PGPR and tomato plants. This study found that inoculation with a certain concentration of significantly promoted tomato growth and induced significant changes in tomato root exudates. Furthermore, the root exudates significantly induced NRCB010 growth, swarming motility, and biofilm formation. In addition, the composition of the root exudates was analyzed, and four metabolites (methyl hexadecanoate, methyl stearate, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, and n-hexadecanoic acid) significantly related to the chemotaxis and biofilm formation of NRCB010 were screened. Further assessment showed that these metabolites positively affected the growth, swarming motility, chemotaxis, or biofilm formation of strain NRCB010. Among these, n-hexadecanoic acid induced the most remarkable growth, chemotactic response, biofilm formation, and rhizosphere colonization. This study will help develop effective PGPR-based bioformulations to improve PGPR colonization and crop yields.
PubMed: 37233705
DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050664