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The American Psychologist Oct 2014The number of psychologists whose work crosses cultural boundaries is increasing. Without a critical awareness of their own cultural grounding, they risk imposing the... (Review)
Review
The number of psychologists whose work crosses cultural boundaries is increasing. Without a critical awareness of their own cultural grounding, they risk imposing the assumptions, concepts, practices, and values of U.S.-centered psychology on societies where they do not fit, as a brief example from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami shows. Hermeneutic thinkers offer theoretical resources for gaining cultural awareness. Culture, in the hermeneutic view, is the constellation of meanings that constitutes a way of life. Such cultural meanings-especially in the form of folk psychologies and moral visions-inevitably shape every psychology, including U.S. psychology. The insights of hermeneutics, as well as its conceptual resources and research approaches, open the way for psychological knowledge and practice that are more culturally situated.
Topics: Cultural Competency; Ethnopsychology; Hermeneutics; Humans; Internationality
PubMed: 24841336
DOI: 10.1037/a0036851 -
American Journal of Pharmaceutical... Jun 2019
Topics: Education, Pharmacy; Psychology, Social; Risk Factors; Self-Assessment
PubMed: 31333267
DOI: 10.5688/ajpe7353 -
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal... Jul 2020The term 'life-history theory' (LHT) is increasingly often invoked in psychology, as a framework for integrating understanding of psychological traits into a broader... (Review)
Review
The term 'life-history theory' (LHT) is increasingly often invoked in psychology, as a framework for integrating understanding of psychological traits into a broader evolutionary context. Although LHT as presented in psychology papers (LHT-P) is typically described as a straightforward extension of the theoretical principles from evolutionary biology that bear the same name (LHT-E), the two bodies of work are not well integrated. Here, through a close reading of recent papers, we argue that LHT-E and LHT-P are different research programmes in the Lakatosian sense. The core of LHT-E is built around ultimate evolutionary explanation, via explicit mathematical modelling, of how selection can drive divergent evolution of populations or species living under different demographies or ecologies. The core of LHT-P concerns measurement of covariation, across individuals, of multiple psychological traits; the proximate goals these serve; and their relation to childhood experience. Some of the links between LHT-E and LHT-P are false friends. For example, elements that are marginal in LHT-E are core commitments of LHT-P, and where explanatory principles are transferred from one to the other, nuance can be lost in transmission. The methodological rules for what grounds a prediction in theory are different in the two cases. Though there are major differences between LHT-E and LHT-P at present, there is much potential for greater integration in the future, through both theoretical modelling and further empirical research. This article is part of the theme issue 'Life history and learning: how childhood, caregiving and old age shape cognition and culture in humans and other animals'.
Topics: Biological Evolution; Biology; Life History Traits; Psychology
PubMed: 32475337
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0490 -
Behaviour Research and Therapy Dec 2017The cognitive theory of social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most widely accepted accounts of the maintenance of the disorder in adults, yet it remains unknown... (Review)
Review
The cognitive theory of social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most widely accepted accounts of the maintenance of the disorder in adults, yet it remains unknown if, or to what extent, the same cognitive and behavioral maintenance mechanisms that occur in adult SAD also apply to SAD among pre-adolescent children. In contrast to the adult literature, current models of SAD in children mostly account for etiology and maintenance processes are given limited attention. Consequently, their clinical utility for the treatment of SAD in children may be limited. This narrative review, first, critically examines the different theoretical conceptualizations of the maintenance of social anxiety in the child and adult literature and illustrates how these have resulted in different treatment approaches and clinical understanding. Second, it reviews the available evidence relating to hypotheses about the maintenance of SAD in children as derived from adult cognitive and etiological models. Third, it highlights the need to attend directly to child specific maintenance mechanisms in SAD, to draw on cognitive theory, and to account for the influence of childhood-specific contextual (e.g. family and school-based interactions) and developmental factors on children's social experiences.
Topics: Humans; Models, Psychological; Phobia, Social; Psychology, Child
PubMed: 28881221
DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2017.08.013 -
Current Rheumatology Reports Aug 2016This study had two objectives: to describe the historical development of self-reported presenteeism instruments that can be used to identify and measure presenteeism as... (Review)
Review
This study had two objectives: to describe the historical development of self-reported presenteeism instruments that can be used to identify and measure presenteeism as a result of musculoskeletal disease (MSD) and to identify if, and how many of these, presenteeism instruments are underpinned by economic theory. Systematic search methods were applied to identify self-report instruments used to quantify presenteeism caused by MSD. A total of 24 self-reported presenteeism instruments were identified; 24 were designed for use in general health, and 1 was specifically designed for use in rheumatoid arthritis. One generic self-reported presenteeism instrument was explicitly reported to be underpinned by economic theory. Overtime, self-reported presenteeism instruments have become more differentiated and complex by incorporating many different contextual factors that may impact levels of presenteeism. Researchers are encouraged to further develop presenteeism instruments that are underpinned by relevant economic theory and informed by robust empirical research.
Topics: Humans; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Presenteeism; Self Report
PubMed: 27402110
DOI: 10.1007/s11926-016-0600-1 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2022Despite considerable progress, smoking remains the leading preventable cause of death in the United States. To address the considerable health and economic burden of...
Despite considerable progress, smoking remains the leading preventable cause of death in the United States. To address the considerable health and economic burden of tobacco use, the development of improved tobacco control and treatment interventions is critical. By combining elements of economics and psychology, behavioral economics provides a framework for novel solutions to treat smokers who have failed to quit with traditional smoking cessation interventions. The full range of behavioral economic principles, however, have not been widely utilized in the realm of tobacco control and treatment. Given the need for improved tobacco control and treatment, the limited use of other behavioral economic principles represents a substantial missed opportunity. For this reason, we sought to describe the principles of behavioral economics as they relate to tobacco control, highlight potential gaps in the behavioral economics tobacco research literature, and provide examples of potential interventions that use each principle.
Topics: Economics, Behavioral; Humans; Smoking Cessation; Nicotiana; Tobacco Products; Tobacco Smoking; United States
PubMed: 35805833
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138174 -
Current Biology : CB Oct 2015
Topics: Cognitive Neuroscience; Germany; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Psychology; Turkey
PubMed: 26783571
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.08.010 -
Computational Intelligence and... 2022Positive psychology, as a core subject to the study of people's positive power and positive quality, is intended to cultivate positive personality traits and positive...
Positive psychology, as a core subject to the study of people's positive power and positive quality, is intended to cultivate positive personality traits and positive emotions, and to promote the development of inspiring creativity, cooperation, and interest. The study of positive psychology provides a new perspective for our research in the field of education. The "New Curriculum Standards for Junior Middle School English" clearly states: "Students can only maintain the inner driving force of English learning and achieve results only if they have positive emotions in English learning. Negative emotions will not only affect the effect of English learning, but also affect students' long-term development. In English teaching, teachers should pay attention to students' emotions from beginning to end, and strive to create a relaxed, democratic, and harmonious teaching atmosphere. Therefore, how to infiltrate the theory of positive psychology into the frontline English teaching of junior high school becomes especially important. With the advancement of science and technology and the advent of the Internet era, various high-tech information technologies have gradually flourished, and the rapid development of information technology has promoted the reform and innovation of the teaching industry. Wearable technology is the current trend and direction of the information technology revolution. It realizes the interconnection and deep integration of people, machines and objects through the functions of collecting, sorting and analyzing mobile Internet and cloud data. The realization of wearable technology-based wearable technology not only can highly integrate educational resources, improve learning interest, but also enhance the pertinence of teaching, cultivate students' creativity, and realize personalized teaching in "full time, all-round, all fields." This article explores the integration of wearable devices and junior high school English teaching in the context of positive psychology. First of all, this paper introduces the theoretical basis of the integration of wearable devices with English teaching. Secondly, it introduces the research methods of this paper. Finally, through questionnaires and experimental comparison analysis, it tests the interest of students in learning through the auxiliary teaching of wearable devices, and whether the academic performance has a positive effect.
Topics: Curriculum; Humans; Learning; Psychology, Positive; Students; Teaching; Wearable Electronic Devices
PubMed: 35909862
DOI: 10.1155/2022/7650948 -
The Australian Journal of Rural Health Apr 2021Psychology workforce shortages in geographically rural or remote contexts have highlighted the need to understand the supervisory experiences of psychologists practising... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Psychology workforce shortages in geographically rural or remote contexts have highlighted the need to understand the supervisory experiences of psychologists practising in these locations, and the models of supervision employed to support their practice and improve client safety.
OBJECTIVE
To review the models of remote professional supervision and the supervisory experiences of psychologists practising in rural and remote locations.
DESIGN
Using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for mixed-methods systematic review, 8 health and education databases were searched using keyword and subject heading searches.
FINDINGS
The initial search identified 413 studies. A full-text review identified 4 papers that met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to a methodological appraisal by 2 reviewers. Three studies included qualitative data, with 2 using transcribed interviews. Two studies reported quantitative data, with only one study including a statistical analysis of the outcomes.
DISCUSSION
The results for the efficacy of the current models of remote supervision being used within the allied health and psychology professions are limited, with methodological limitations cautioning generalisability of results. The experiences of psychologists engaged in remote supervision do not appear to have changed over the past decade despite technological advances.
CONCLUSIONS
Quality professional supervision is critical for the sustainability of the psychology workforce in rural and remote locations, reducing professional isolation, and for improved patient outcomes. This review identified a need for improved evidence for remote supervision models for psychologists working in geographically rural and remote locations. Lessons can be learned from other health professions' models of remote supervision.
Topics: Australia; Health Workforce; Humans; Pennsylvania; Personnel Management; Psychology; Reproducibility of Results; Rural Health Services; Rural Population
PubMed: 33982844
DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12740 -
Psychological Methods Mar 2018Multiple item scales have long been used to measure latent constructs on individual-level data. This is appropriate when an otherwise unobserved construct is indirectly...
Multiple item scales have long been used to measure latent constructs on individual-level data. This is appropriate when an otherwise unobserved construct is indirectly measured by combining observable correlated characteristics that are thought to measure slightly different dimensions of that construct. Network data, which consist of observations on the relationships between a set of actors, however, are typically drawn from single-relation measurements. While this approach is sufficient for learning about discrete relations (communication, coauthorship, etc.), multi-item measurement of extemporaneous valued relationships, such as cohesion and conflict, may be of common interest in psychology and related sciences. In this article, we evaluate the use of multirelational network measurement in inferring valued latent construct networks. In particular, we present a psychometric framework for developing multirelational measures of latent construct networks, evaluating their reliability and construct validity, and identification of appropriate scaling approaches for these construct-level networks. (PsycINFO Database Record
Topics: Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Models, Psychological; Models, Statistical; Psychology; Social Networking
PubMed: 27893217
DOI: 10.1037/met0000110