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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences :... Nov 2017The present study was conducted to clarify the psychophysiological relaxation effects of viewing bamboo on university students. Forty healthy Chinese participants...
The present study was conducted to clarify the psychophysiological relaxation effects of viewing bamboo on university students. Forty healthy Chinese participants enrolled in this study to clarify the psychophysiological relaxation effects of viewing bamboo. The effects of visual stimulation using a pot both with and without a bamboo were recorded by measuring the student's blood pressure, EEG and STAI. We observed that viewing bamboo plants resulted in significantly lower systolic (female, P < 0.001; male, P < 0.001; P < 0.05) and diastolic (female, P < 0.001; male, P < 0.001; P < 0.05) blood pressures, but no changes in the pulse rate (female, P = 0.09; male, P = 0.07; P > 0.05) were observed. The results of the EEG analysis indicated brainwave variation (all P < 0.05) and lower anxiety scores (P < 0.01) after 3 min of viewing bamboo compared with the control. These findings indicate that visual stimulation with bamboo plants induced psychophysiological relaxation effects on adults.
Topics: Adult; Bambusa; Blood Pressure; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Relaxation
PubMed: 29216963
DOI: 10.3967/bes2017.114 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jun 2023To compare autonomic and vascular responses during reactive hyperemia (RH) between healthy individuals and patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA). Eighteen healthy...
To compare autonomic and vascular responses during reactive hyperemia (RH) between healthy individuals and patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA). Eighteen healthy subjects and 24 SCA patients were subjected to arterial occlusion for 3 min at the lower right limb level. The pulse rate variability (PRV) and pulse wave amplitude were measured through photoplethysmography using the Angiodin PD 3000 device, which was placed on the first finger of the lower right limb 2 min before (Basal) and 2 min after the occlusion. Pulse peak intervals were analyzed using time-frequency (wavelet transform) methods for high-frequency (HF: 0.15-0.4) and low-frequency (LF: 0.04-0.15) bands, and the LF/HF ratio was calculated. The pulse wave amplitude was higher in healthy subjects compared to SCA patients, at both baseline and post-occlusion ( < 0.05). Time-frequency analysis showed that the LF/HF peak in response to the post-occlusion RH test was reached earlier in healthy subjects compared to SCA patients. Vasodilatory function, as measured by PPG, was lower in SCA patients compared to healthy subjects. Moreover, a cardiovascular autonomic imbalance was present in SCA patients with high sympathetic and low parasympathetic activity in the basal state and a poor response of the sympathetic nervous system to RH. Early cardiovascular sympathetic activation (10 s) and vasodilatory function in response to RH were impaired in SCA patients.
Topics: Humans; Hyperemia; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Autonomic Nervous System; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Heart Rate
PubMed: 37374344
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061141 -
Open Heart Nov 2023Peak oxygen pulse (Opulse=oxygen consumption/heart rate) is calculated by the product of stroke volume (SV) and oxygen extraction. It has been shown to be reduced in...
BACKGROUND
Peak oxygen pulse (Opulse=oxygen consumption/heart rate) is calculated by the product of stroke volume (SV) and oxygen extraction. It has been shown to be reduced in patients with a Fontan circulation. However, in the Fontan population, it may be a poor marker of SV. We propose that the slope of the O pulse curve may be more reflective of SV during exercise.
METHODS
We analysed cardiopulmonary exercise test data in 22 subjects with a Fontan circulation (cohort A) and examined the association between peak SV during exercise (aortic flow measured on exercise cardiac MRI), and O pulse parameters (absolute O pulse and O pulse slopes up to anaerobic threshold (AT) and peak exercise). In a separate Fontan cohort (cohort B, n=131), associations between clinical characteristics and O pulse kinetics were examined.
RESULTS
In cohort A, peak aortic flow was moderately and significantly associated with Opulseslope (r=0.47, p=0.02). However, neither absolute Opulse nor Opulse was significantly associated with peak aortic flow. In cohort B, Opulseslope and Opulseslope were not significantly associated with clinical parameters, apart from a weak association with forced vital capacity.
CONCLUSION
The slope of the O pulse curve to peak exercise may be more reflective of peak SV in the Fontan population than a single peak O pulse value.
Topics: Humans; Fontan Procedure; Stroke Volume; Heart Rate; Exercise Test; Oxygen
PubMed: 37935560
DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2023-002324 -
European Journal of Preventive... Aug 2017Background Smartphone manufacturers offer mobile health monitoring technology to their customers, including apps using the built-in camera for heart rate assessment.... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Background Smartphone manufacturers offer mobile health monitoring technology to their customers, including apps using the built-in camera for heart rate assessment. This study aimed to test the diagnostic accuracy of such heart rate measuring apps in clinical practice. Methods The feasibility and accuracy of measuring heart rate was tested on four commercially available apps using both iPhone 4 and iPhone 5. 'Instant Heart Rate' (IHR) and 'Heart Fitness' (HF) work with contact photoplethysmography (contact of fingertip to built-in camera), while 'Whats My Heart Rate' (WMH) and 'Cardiio Version' (CAR) work with non-contact photoplethysmography. The measurements were compared to electrocardiogram and pulse oximetry-derived heart rate. Results Heart rate measurement using app-based photoplethysmography was performed on 108 randomly selected patients. The electrocardiogram-derived heart rate correlated well with pulse oximetry ( r = 0.92), IHR ( r = 0.83) and HF ( r = 0.96), but somewhat less with WMH ( r = 0.62) and CAR ( r = 0.60). The accuracy of app-measured heart rate as compared to electrocardiogram, reported as mean absolute error (in bpm ± standard error) was 2 ± 0.35 (pulse oximetry), 4.5 ± 1.1 (IHR), 2 ± 0.5 (HF), 7.1 ± 1.4 (WMH) and 8.1 ± 1.4 (CAR). Conclusions We found substantial performance differences between the four studied heart rate measuring apps. The two contact photoplethysmography-based apps had higher feasibility and better accuracy for heart rate measurement than the two non-contact photoplethysmography-based apps.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Atrial Fibrillation; Cell Phone; Electrocardiography; Equipment Design; Feasibility Studies; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mobile Applications; Photoplethysmography; ROC Curve; Reproducibility of Results; Telemedicine; Young Adult
PubMed: 28464700
DOI: 10.1177/2047487317702044 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) May 2020Many previous studies have shown that the remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) can measure the Heart Rate (HR) signal with very high accuracy. The remote measurement of...
Many previous studies have shown that the remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) can measure the Heart Rate (HR) signal with very high accuracy. The remote measurement of the Pulse Rate Variability (PRV) signal is also possible, but this is much more complicated because it is then necessary to detect the peaks on the temporal rPPG signal, which is usually quite noisy and has a lower temporal resolution than PPG signals obtained by contact equipment. Since the PRV signal is vital for various applications such as remote recognition of stress and emotion, the improvement of PRV measurement by rPPG is a critical task. Contact based PRV measurement has already been investigated, but the research on remotely measured PRV is very limited. In this paper, we propose to use the Periodic Variance Maximization (PVM) method to extract the rPPG signal and event-related Two-Window algorithm to improve the peak detection for PRV measurement. We have made several contributions. Firstly, we show that the newly proposed PVM method and Two-Window algorithm can be used for PRV measurement in the non-contact scenario. Secondly, we propose a method to adaptively determine the parameters of the Two-Window method. Thirdly, we compare the algorithm with other attempts for improving the non-contact PRV measurement such as the Slope Sum Function (SSF) method and the Local Maximum method. We calculated several features and compared the accuracy based on the ground truth provided by contact equipment. Our experiments showed that this algorithm performed the best of all the algorithms.
Topics: Algorithms; Heart Rate; Humans; Photoplethysmography; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 32408526
DOI: 10.3390/s20102752 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023: The advancement of preventive medicine and, subsequently, telemedicine drives the need for noninvasive and remote measurements in patients' natural environments. Heart...
: The advancement of preventive medicine and, subsequently, telemedicine drives the need for noninvasive and remote measurements in patients' natural environments. Heart rate (HR) measurements are particularly promising and extensively researched due to their quick assessment and comprehensive representation of patients' conditions. However, in scenarios such as endurance training or emergencies, where HR measurement was not anticipated and direct access to victims is limited, no method enables obtaining HR results that are suitable even for triage. : This paper presents the possibility of remotely measuring of human HR from a series of in-flight videos using videoplethysmography (VPG) along with skin detection, human pose estimation and image stabilization methods. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a camera captured ten segments of video footage featuring volunteers engaged in free walking and running activities in natural sunlight. The human pose was determined using the OpenPose algorithm, and subsequently, skin areas on the face and forearms were identified and tracked in consecutive frames. Ultimately, HR was estimated using several VPG methods: the green channel (G), green-red difference (GR), excess green (ExG), independent component analysis (ICA), and a plane orthogonal to the skin (POS). : When compared to simultaneous readings from a reference ECG-based wearable recorder, the root-mean-squared error ranged from 17.7 (G) to 27.7 (POS), with errors of less than 3.5 bpm achieved for the G and GR methods. : These results demonstrate the acceptable accuracy of touchless human pulse measurement with the accompanying UAV-mounted camera. The method bridges the gap between HR-transmitting wearables and emergency HR recorders, and it has the potential to be advantageous in training or rescue scenarios in mountain, water, disaster, or battlefield settings.
Topics: Humans; Heart Rate Determination; Unmanned Aerial Devices; Heart Rate; Algorithms; Disasters
PubMed: 37631834
DOI: 10.3390/s23167297 -
Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. Japanese... 2023Although the number of deaths in bathtubs in homes and residential facilities for the elderly has been decreasing slightly since 2017, it is still 4,900 (2019), which is...
INTRODUCTION
Although the number of deaths in bathtubs in homes and residential facilities for the elderly has been decreasing slightly since 2017, it is still 4,900 (2019), which is almost twice the number of traffic accident deaths.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate blood pressure and pulse fluctuations in community-dwelling elderly people during bathing, and to examine the alert range to determine when heat shock occurs.
METHODS
Ten elderly men (72.6±3.4/67-78) living in the community were subjected to a 6-minute full-body bath in a bath with a temperature of 41°C, and their blood pressure (SBP, DBP) and pulse (PR) were measured.
RESULTS
The SBP of the group whose PR increased by 15/min or more from before bathing to 30 seconds after bathing increased by about 30 mmHg. In the group where PR increased by 15/min or more, the pulse pressure (PP) increased by about 30 mmHg, and in the double product (DP), the abnormal increase of 5,000 DP or more was observed from before bathing to 30 seconds after bathing.
DISCUSSION
In the group where PR increased by 15/min or more from before bathing to 30 seconds after bathing, there is a possibility of cerebral hemorrhage immediately after bathing, dizziness, and falls. Analysis of pulse pressure (PP) and double product (DP) also suggests that the burden on the heart is applied 30 seconds after bathing, and sufficient attention is required.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Blood Pressure; Heart Rate; Baths
PubMed: 38171761
DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.60.434 -
Diabetes Care Jul 2022We compared arterial stiffness and heart rate variability (HRV) over time by diabetes type and determined the risk factors associated with worsening arterial stiffness...
OBJECTIVE
We compared arterial stiffness and heart rate variability (HRV) over time by diabetes type and determined the risk factors associated with worsening arterial stiffness and HRV in young adults with youth-onset diabetes.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity, augmentation index) and six indices of heart rate variability were measured twice, 4.5 years apart, among participants with either youth-onset type 1 or type 2 diabetes in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study. Multivariable linear regression models were used to assess risk factors associated with arterial stiffness and HRV at follow-up.
RESULTS
Of 1,159 participants studied, 949 had type 1 diabetes (mean age 17.1 ± 4.7 years, 60.3% non-Hispanic White, 55% female) and 210 had type 2 diabetes (mean age 22.1 ± 3.5 years, 23.8% non-Hispanic White, 71% female) at initial assessment when diabetes duration was 7.9 years (both groups). Participants with type 2 versus type 1 diabetes had greater arterial stiffness and more abnormalities in HRV at initial and follow-up assessment and a greater change over time (all P < 0.05). Risk factors associated with worse arterial stiffness and HRV at follow-up in both types of diabetes included higher blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, waist circumference, and triglycerides over time and longer diabetes duration.
CONCLUSIONS
Arterial stiffness and HRV worsened over time with greater changes among participants with type 2 versus type 1 diabetes and among those with features of the metabolic syndrome. The risk factor profile documents potentially modifiable pathways to prevent or limit cardiovascular complications in young adults with youth-onset diabetes.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Pulse Wave Analysis; Risk Factors; Vascular Stiffness; Young Adult
PubMed: 35667385
DOI: 10.2337/dc21-2426 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2020The measurement and analysis of the arterial pulse wave provides information about the state of vascular health. When measuring blood pressure according to Riva-Rocci,...
The measurement and analysis of the arterial pulse wave provides information about the state of vascular health. When measuring blood pressure according to Riva-Rocci, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure is measured non-invasively with an inflatable pressure cuff on the upper arm. Today's blood pressure monitors analyze the pulse wave in reference to the rising or falling cuff pressure. With the help of additional pulse wave analysis, one can determine the pulse rate and the heart rate variability. In this paper, we investigated the concept, the construction, and the limitations of ultrawideband (UWB) radar and continuous wave (CW) radar, which provide continuous and non-invasive pulse wave measurements. We integrated the sensors into a complete measurement system. We measured the pulse wave of the cuff pressure, the radar sensor (both UWB and CW), the optical sensor, and ultrasonic Doppler as a reference. We discussed the results and the sensor characteristics. The main conclusion was that the resolution of the pulse radar was too low, even with a maximum bandwidth of 10 GHz, to measure pulse waves reliably. The continuous wave radar provides promising results for a phantom if adjusted properly with phase shifts and frequency. In the future, we intend to develop a CW radar solution with frequency adaption.
Topics: Heart Rate; Photoplethysmography; Pulse Wave Analysis; Radar; Ultrasonics; Ultrasonography, Doppler
PubMed: 33383777
DOI: 10.3390/s21010165 -
Journal of Clinical Hypertension... Jun 2021Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and resting pulse rate (RPR) have been linked to mortality and cardiovascular events in younger population. Till now, no studies...
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and resting pulse rate (RPR) have been linked to mortality and cardiovascular events in younger population. Till now, no studies simultaneously investigate the non-linear association of SBP and RPR with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among population aged 80 and older. Data of 2828 eligible participants were selected from electronic health records linked attended automated office blood pressure measurement system. The dose-response relationship between the SBP, RPR, and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was analyzed by Cox model with restricted cubic splines. During the 3.6-year follow-up, 442 deaths occurred. Comparing with the optimal SBP (117-145 mmHg), the lower (HR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07-1.81) and higher SBP (HR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.08-1.65) were significantly associated with an increasing risk of all-cause mortality. The higher SBP (>144 mmHg) was associated with cardiovascular mortality, with the HR (95% CI) as 1.51 (1.07-2.12). The faster RPR showed the higher risk of all-cause (HR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.05-1.76) and cardiovascular (HR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.07-2.13) mortality. We found both higher SBP and faster RPR were independently associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and lower SBP was only associated with the increased risk of all-cause mortality in oldest old community-dwelling Chinese population. Our results demonstrate the prognostic importance of both SBP and RPR in the elderly.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination; Cardiovascular Diseases; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Independent Living; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33949090
DOI: 10.1111/jch.14251