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International Braz J Urol : Official... 2015To investigate the clinical characteristics, prognosis, survival and diagnosis of high-grade primary renal leiomyosarcoma.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the clinical characteristics, prognosis, survival and diagnosis of high-grade primary renal leiomyosarcoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 2003 to April 2013, 10 cases of high-grade primary renal leiomyosarcoma were retrospectively reviewed. We analyzed clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of our group and correlated to the literature.
RESULTS
Ten cases (five male and five female patients; age range 43-77 years, mean = 57 ± std d:12.3 ) were enrolled. The mean diameter of the tumor masses was 9.35 ± 4.5 cm (range 3-18 cm). 40% of the patients were asymptomatic while the major symptom of 60% patients was lumbar pain. Nephrectomy was performed in 90% of patients. Partial nephrectomy surgery was preferred for only one patient. Pleomorphism and necrosis with high-grade, pink spindle cell cytoplasm were viewed in all patients. All patients were high-grade, pink spindle cell cytoplasm and pleomorfism and necrosis were observed in all. In an immunohistochemical examination, vimentin was seen in 100%, desmin in 90% and smooth muscle actin in 80% of the patients. CD117 was negative in all patients. All of the cases were followed-up, and the time of survival varied from 6 to 68 months (mean 23.9 ± std d:20.1). No patient received adjuvant CTx and/or RTx.
CONCLUSION
High-grade primary renal leiomyosarcomas (LMSs) are rare and highly malignant and the prognosis is poor. Early diagnosis and radical nephrectomy can prolong the patient's life. Surgery is the main treatment modality for renal (leiomyosarcoma) LMS.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Kidney; Kidney Neoplasms; Leiomyosarcoma; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Nephrectomy; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Tumor Burden
PubMed: 26005972
DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2015.02.17 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Jun 2016The pancreas is an unusual site for tumor metastasis, accounting for only 2% to 5% of all malignancies affecting the pancreas. The more common metastases affecting the... (Review)
Review
The pancreas is an unusual site for tumor metastasis, accounting for only 2% to 5% of all malignancies affecting the pancreas. The more common metastases affecting the pancreas include renal cell carcinomas, melanomas, colorectal carcinomas, breast carcinomas, and sarcomas. Although pancreatic involvement by nonrenal malignancies indicates widespread systemic disease, metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the pancreas often represents an isolated event and is thus amenable to surgical resection, which is associated with long-term survival. As such, it is important to accurately diagnose pancreatic involvement by metastatic renal cell carcinoma on histology, especially given that renal cell carcinoma metastasis may manifest more than a decade after its initial presentation and diagnosis. In this review, we discuss the clinicopathologic findings of isolated renal cell carcinoma metastases of the pancreas, with special emphasis on separating metastatic renal cell carcinoma and its various differential diagnoses in the pancreas.
Topics: Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Pancreas; Pancreatectomy; Pancreatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 27232353
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2015-0135-RS -
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis Dec 2022Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable molecules with covalently closed structures that have an irreplaceable role in the occurrence, progression, and even treatment of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable molecules with covalently closed structures that have an irreplaceable role in the occurrence, progression, and even treatment of plenty of cancers. Mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator in cancers and plays several biological functions, such as proliferation, migration, invasion, autophagy, and apoptosis.
METHODS
All data were collected through PubMed and CNKI, using terms including "circRNA," "mTOR," "caner," "signaling pathway," "biomarker," "diagnosis," "treatment." Articles published in Chinese and English were included.
RESULTS
In this review, the expression, function, and mechanism of circRNA-associated mTOR in cancers were described. CircRNA-associated-mTOR can regulate the progression and therapy of a variety of cancers in multiple signaling pathways, such as phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mTOR, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/mTOR, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR axis. These cancers including esophageal carcinoma (circLPAR3, ciRS-7), gastric cancer (circNRIP1, hsa_circ_0010882, hsa_circ_0000117, hsa_circ_0072309, and circST3GAL6), colorectal cancer (hsa_circ_0000392, hsa_circ_0084927, hsa_circ_0104631, and circFBXW7), liver cancer (circC16orf62, hsa_circ_100338, hsa_circ_0004001, hsa_circ_0004123, hsa_circ_0075792, hsa_circ_0079299, and hsa_circ_0002130), pancreatic cancer (circ-IARS and circRHOBTB3), renal carcinoma (ciRS-7), bladder cancer (circUBE2K), prostate cancer (circMBOAT2 and circ-ITCH), ovarian cancer (circEEF2, circRAB11FIP1, circMYLK, and circTPCN), endometrial cancer (hsa_circ_0002577 and circWHSC1), lung cancer (circHIPK3, hsa_circ_0001666), thyroid cancer (hsa_circ_0007694 and hsa_circ_0008274), glioma (circGFRA1, circ-MAPK4, circPCMTD1, and hsa_circ_0037251), osteosarcoma (circTCF25), leukemia (circ-PRKDC), and breast cancer (hsa_circ_0000199, circUBAP2, and circWHSC1).
Topics: Male; Animals; Humans; RNA, Circular; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Cell Proliferation; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; Osteosarcoma; Bone Neoplasms; Kidney Neoplasms; MicroRNAs; Mammals
PubMed: 36426933
DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24783 -
Head and Neck Pathology Mar 2016Surgical pathology of the sinonasal tract (nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses) is extremely challenging due in part to the tremendous diversity of tumor types that may... (Review)
Review
Surgical pathology of the sinonasal tract (nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses) is extremely challenging due in part to the tremendous diversity of tumor types that may arise in this region. Compounding the difficulty, a number of new sinonasal tumor entities have been recently described, and pathologists may not yet be familiar with these neoplasms. This manuscript will review the clinicopathologic features of some of the newly described sinonasal tumor types: NUT midline carcinoma, HPV-related carcinoma with adenoid cystic-like features, SMARCB1 (INI-1) deficient sinonasal carcinoma, biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma, and renal cell-like adenocarcinoma.
Topics: Humans; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms
PubMed: 26830406
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-016-0688-7 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Apr 2023Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) induces local chromatin loops to facilitate transcription. SATB2 immunostaining is commonly used as a marker for...
CONTEXT.—
Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) induces local chromatin loops to facilitate transcription. SATB2 immunostaining is commonly used as a marker for colorectal adenocarcinoma and osteosarcoma.
OBJECTIVE.—
To extend our knowledge on the diagnostic value of SATB2 analysis in a comprehensive set of human tumors.
DESIGN.—
Tissue microarrays with 15 012 samples from 120 tumor types and 608 samples of 76 different normal tissues were analyzed.
RESULTS.—
SATB2 positivity was found in 89 of 120 different tumor types (74%), including 59 of 120 (49%) with at least 1 moderately positive tumor and 38 of 120 tumor types (32%) with at least 1 strongly positive tumor. Expression was frequent in adenomas (44/42-47/44; 94%-96% positive), adenocarcinomas (1747 of 2023; 86%), and various subtypes of neuroendocrine neoplasms (3/7-12/12; 43%-100%) of the colorectum and appendix, Merkel cell carcinoma (25 of 34, 74%), osteosarcomas (15 of 25; 60%), and papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (121 of 235; 52%). Associations to clinicopathologic tumor features were assessed in colorectal and kidney cancers. In colorectal cancer, weak SATB2 expression was linked to high pT (P < .001), nodal metastasis (P < .001), right-sided tumor location (P < .001), microsatellite instability (P < .001), and BRAF mutations (P = .02). In papillary RCC, low SATB2 expression was associated with high pT (P = .02), distant metastasis (P = .04), and reduced tumor-specific survival (P = .04). In clear cell RCC, low SATB2 expression was linked to high pT (P < .001), high Union for International Cancer Control stage (P < .001), high Thoenes grade (P = .02), and reduced recurrence-free survival (P = .02).
CONCLUSIONS.—
Strong SATB2 expression argues for a colorectal origin within adenocarcinomas and neuroendocrine neoplasms. Weak SATB2 expression reflects progression and poor prognosis in colorectal and kidney cancer.
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Biomarkers, Tumor; Immunohistochemistry; Transcription Factors; Colorectal Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Kidney Neoplasms; Osteosarcoma; Bone Neoplasms; Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins
PubMed: 35917493
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2021-0317-OA -
Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases Sep 2021No. Abstract. DOI: 10.52547/ijkd.6601.
No. Abstract. DOI: 10.52547/ijkd.6601.
Topics: Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Sarcoma, Ewing
PubMed: 34582366
DOI: No ID Found -
NPJ Precision Oncology Feb 2023We designed a liquid biopsy (LB) platform employing low-pass whole genome sequencing (LP-WGS) and targeted sequencing of cell-free (cf) DNA from plasma to detect...
We designed a liquid biopsy (LB) platform employing low-pass whole genome sequencing (LP-WGS) and targeted sequencing of cell-free (cf) DNA from plasma to detect genome-wide copy number alterations (CNAs) and gene fusions in pediatric solid tumors. A total of 143 plasma samples were analyzed from 19 controls and 73 patients, including 44 bone or soft-tissue sarcomas and 12 renal, 10 germ cell, five hepatic, and two thyroid tumors. cfDNA was isolated from plasma collected at diagnosis, during and after therapy, and/or at relapse. Twenty-six of 37 (70%) patients enrolled at diagnosis without prior therapy (radiation, surgery, or chemotherapy) had circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), based on the detection of CNAs from LP-WGS, including 18 of 27 (67%) patients with localized disease and eight of 10 (80%) patients with metastatic disease. None of the controls had detectable somatic CNAs. There was a high concordance of CNAs identified by LP-WGS to CNAs detected by chromosomal microarray analysis in the matching tumors. Mutations identified in tumor samples with our next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel, OncoKids®, were also detected by LP-WGS of ctDNA in 14 of 26 plasma samples. Finally, we developed a hybridization-based capture panel to target EWSR1 and FOXO1 fusions from patients with Ewing sarcoma or alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), respectively. Fusions were detected in the plasma from 10 of 12 patients with Ewing sarcoma and in two of two patients with ARMS. Combined, these data demonstrate the clinical applicability of our LB platform to evaluate pediatric patients with a variety of solid tumors.
PubMed: 36805676
DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00357-0 -
International Journal of Clinical and... 2018To investigate the clinicopathological features, treatment, and prognosis of primary renal synovial sarcoma.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the clinicopathological features, treatment, and prognosis of primary renal synovial sarcoma.
METHOD
Retrospectively collected and analyzed clinical and pathological data of two cases of patients with renal primary synovial sarcoma, and reviewed domestic and foreign related literature.
RESULTS
The first patient was admitted for progressive enlargement of a left renal mass, then she underwent a radical resection of left kidney and adrenal gland, and the final diagnosis was primary renal synovial sarcoma. However, the tumor progressed with multiple nodules in the left peritoneal retroperitoneal space and abdominal wall 3 months later. The second patient was hospitalized for a left lung mass and left renal mass after 3 months. She received left nephrectomy and left lower lobectomy. The final diagnosis was primary renal synovial sarcoma with extensive metastasis in both lungs and pelvic and abdominal cavity. The patient underwent chemotherapy and targeted therapy after operation, and died because of tumor burden after 23 months.
CONCLUSION
Primary renal synovial sarcoma is a rare soft tissue tumor in the kidney with a poor prognosis. An accurate diagnosis needs consideration of the morphology, immunohistochemistry, and SYT-SSX gene results. Clinically, radical nephrectomy is the main strategy, and adjuvant ifosfamide-based chemotherapy after operation has benefits.
PubMed: 31949831
DOI: No ID Found -
Biomedicines Mar 2022Mutations in subunits of the SWItch Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex occur in 20% of all human tumors. Among these, the core subunit SMARCB1 is the most... (Review)
Review
Mutations in subunits of the SWItch Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex occur in 20% of all human tumors. Among these, the core subunit SMARCB1 is the most frequently mutated, and SMARCB1 loss represents a founder driver event in several malignancies, such as malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRT), epithelioid sarcoma, poorly differentiated chordoma, and renal medullary carcinoma (RMC). Intriguingly, SMARCB1-deficient pediatric MRT and RMC have recently been reported to be immunogenic, despite their very simple genome and low tumor mutational burden. Responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors have further been reported in some SMARCB1-deficient diseases. Here, we will review the preclinical data and clinical data that suggest that immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for SMARCB1-defective tumors. We notably discuss the heterogeneity that exists among the spectrum of malignancies driven by SMARCB1-loss, and highlight challenges that are at stake for developing a personalized immunotherapy for these tumors, notably using molecular profiling of the tumor and of its microenvironment.
PubMed: 35327458
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030650