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Clinical Case Reports Apr 2022The septate gallbladder is a rare congenital malformation. It is considered a risk factor of complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We are reporting an image...
The septate gallbladder is a rare congenital malformation. It is considered a risk factor of complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We are reporting an image in surgery of a septate gallbladder. It was discovered at an adult age. We are showing the difficulty of the diagnosis preoperatively on the radiological find.
PubMed: 35414909
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5666 -
Cureus Dec 2021Mucormycosis is an emerging infection in the present post-COVID-19 era, associated with high morbidity and mortality. We are reporting an interesting case of invasive...
Mucormycosis is an emerging infection in the present post-COVID-19 era, associated with high morbidity and mortality. We are reporting an interesting case of invasive rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in a 65-year-old female who presented with left nasal and orbital swelling after COVID-19 infection associated with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Histopathological and microbiology examination favored mucormycosis. Finally, endoscopic debridement of the lesion was done with left orbital exenteration. The patient at present is clinically stable. As these cases have been seen in many suspected and confirmed COVID-19 cases, early diagnosis and treatment will salvage the patient.
PubMed: 35047294
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20475 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2023The septate uterus is the most common congenital uterine anomaly, and hysteroscopy is the gold standard for diagnosing it. The goal of this meta-analysis is to perform a... (Review)
Review
Diagnostic Performance of Two-Dimensional Ultrasound, Two-Dimensional Sonohysterography and Three-Dimensional Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Septate Uterus-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
BACKGROUND
The septate uterus is the most common congenital uterine anomaly, and hysteroscopy is the gold standard for diagnosing it. The goal of this meta-analysis is to perform a pooled analysis of the diagnostic performance of two-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonography, two-dimensional transvaginal sonohysterography, three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound, and three-dimensional transvaginal sonohysterography for the diagnosis of the septate uterus.
METHODS
Studies published between 1990 and 2022 were searched in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. From 897 citations, we selected eighteen studies to include in this meta-analysis.
RESULTS
The mean prevalence of uterine septum in this meta-analysis was 27.8%. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 83% and 99% for two-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonography (ten studies), 94% and 100% for two-dimensional transvaginal sonohysterography (eight studies), and 98% and 100% for three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound (seven articles), respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional transvaginal sonohysterography was only described in two studies, and we did not calculate the pooled sensitivity and specificity for this method.
CONCLUSION
Three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound has the best performance capacity for the diagnosis of the septate uterus.
PubMed: 36832295
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040807 -
International Journal of Pediatrics &... Mar 2022Lipoblastoma is a rare benign soft tissue tumor found in infants and young children. It presents as an enlarging mass commonly observed in extremities, trunk, head and...
Lipoblastoma is a rare benign soft tissue tumor found in infants and young children. It presents as an enlarging mass commonly observed in extremities, trunk, head and neck regions. Imaging features include a hyper-echoic mass on ultrasound, heterogonous fat density lesion on CT scan with enhancing septations and no calcification, and high T1 signal mass that drops the signal intensity on fat suppression MRI images. Total excision of such lesion is the treatment of choice, and follow-up is recommended to rule out recurrence.
PubMed: 35573075
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2021.05.004 -
Frontiers in Plant Science 2020Changing climates can cause shifts in temperature and precipitation, resulting in warming and drought in some regions. Although each of these factors has been shown to...
Changing climates can cause shifts in temperature and precipitation, resulting in warming and drought in some regions. Although each of these factors has been shown to detrimentally affect forest ecosystems worldwide, information on the impacts of the combined effects of warming and drought is lacking. Forest trees rely on mutualistic root-associated fungi that contribute significantly to plant health and protection against climate stresses. We used a six-year, ecosystem-scale temperature and precipitation manipulation experiment targeted to simulate the climate in 2100 in the Southwestern United States to quantify the effects of drought, warming and combined drought and warming on the root colonization (abundance), species composition and diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF), and dark septate fungal endophytes in a widespread woodland tree, pinyon pine ( E.). Our results show that pinyon shoot growth after 6 years of these treatments was reduced more by drought than warming. The combined drought and warming treatment reduced the abundance and diversity of EMF more than either treatment alone. Individual ectomycorrhizal fungal taxa, including the drought tolerant , were present in all treatments but the combined drought and warming treatment. The combined drought and warming treatment also reduced the abundance of dark septate endophytes (DSE), but did not affect their diversity or species composition. The current year shoot growth of the trees correlated positively with ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity, highlighting the importance of diversity in mutualistic relationships to plant growth. Our results suggest that EMF may be more important than DSE to aboveground growth in , but also more susceptible to the negative effects of combined climate stressors.
PubMed: 33193530
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.582574 -
Women's Health (London, England) Mar 2015Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as two or more failed clinical pregnancies before 20 weeks' gestation and may be caused by genetic, endocrinologic, anatomic... (Review)
Review
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as two or more failed clinical pregnancies before 20 weeks' gestation and may be caused by genetic, endocrinologic, anatomic and immunologic abnormalities. Anatomic uterine anomalies include congenital malformations (bicornuate, didelphic, septate and unicornuate uteri) and acquired defects (fibroids, adenomas, adhesions and polyps). Women with septate and bicornuate uteri, intrauterine adhesions, and some adenomas and fibroids are at increased risk of RPL. Data support surgical treatment of all of these lesions except bicornuate uteri. The role of polyps in RPL is unclear. Minimally invasive options for surgical correction of intrauterine lesions include hysteroscopy, laparoscopy with and without robotic assistance and minilaparotomy.
Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Female; Humans; Hysteroscopy; Leiomyoma; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Polyps; Recurrence; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Tissue Adhesions; Urogenital Abnormalities; Uterine Diseases; Uterus; Women's Health
PubMed: 25776290
DOI: 10.2217/whe.14.81 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023is a species-rich order of fungi that includes endophytes, saprobes, and pathogens associated with forest plants and crops. They may also occur as parasites or...
is a species-rich order of fungi that includes endophytes, saprobes, and pathogens associated with forest plants and crops. They may also occur as parasites or secondary invaders of plant tissues injured or infected by other organisms or inhabit living animal and human tissues, as well as soil. Meanwhile, some severe pathogens wipe out large-scale cultivations of profitable crops, timber monocultures, and forests. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, , and sequence data, generated using maximum likelihood (ML), maximum parsimony (MP), and MrBayes (BI), we introduce two new genera of found in in Thailand, namely and . is characterized by solitary, subglobose, pycnidial, unilocular conidiomata with the internal layers convex and pulvinate at the base; hyaline, unbranched, septate conidiophores; hyaline, phialidic, cylindrical to ampulliform, determinate conidiogenous cells and hyaline, cylindrical, straight, unicellular, and aseptate conidia with obtuse ends. has clavate to broadly fusoid, short pedicellate asci with an indistinct J- apical ring; biturbinate to subellipsoidal, hyaline to pale brown, smooth, guttulate ascospores that are 1-septate and slightly constricted at the septa. Detailed morphological and phylogenetic comparisons of these two new genera are provided in this study.
PubMed: 37342559
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1169052 -
Archivos Argentinos de Pediatria Aug 2024Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome, also known as obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA), is a rare, congenital Müllerian duct anomaly...
Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome, also known as obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA), is a rare, congenital Müllerian duct anomaly characterized by the association of septate uterus, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. The most common clinical presentation is an abdominal mass secondary to hematocolpos, pain, and dysmenorrhea. It is associated with infertility, endometriosis, and menstrual and obstetric alterations. The ultrasound is the technique of choice for the initial assessment, while the magnetic resonance imaging remains the most accurate method for diagnosis. The resection of the vaginal septum is the recommended treatment. Here we describe 2 clinical cases to highlight the importance of an early diagnosis to prevent potential complications in the future.
Topics: Humans; Female; Vagina; Syndrome; Kidney; Abnormalities, Multiple; Mullerian Ducts; Uterus; Child
PubMed: 38197594
DOI: 10.5546/aap.2023-10138.eng -
European Journal of Cell Biology Jun 2024Epithelial tissues cover the surfaces and lumens of the internal organs of multicellular animals and crucially contribute to internal environment homeostasis by... (Review)
Review
Epithelial tissues cover the surfaces and lumens of the internal organs of multicellular animals and crucially contribute to internal environment homeostasis by delineating distinct compartments within the body. This vital role is known as epithelial barrier function. Epithelial cells are arranged like cobblestones and intricately bind together to form an epithelial sheet that upholds this barrier function. Central to the restriction of solute and fluid diffusion through intercellular spaces are occluding junctions, tight junctions in vertebrates and septate junctions in invertebrates. As part of epithelial tissues, cells undergo constant renewal, with older cells being replaced by new ones. Simultaneously, the epithelial tissue undergoes relative rearrangement, elongating, and shifting directionally as a whole. The movement or shape changes within the epithelial sheet necessitate significant deformation and reconnection of occluding junctions. Recent advancements have shed light on the intricate mechanisms through which epithelial cells sustain their barrier function in dynamic environments. This review aims to introduce these noteworthy findings and discuss some of the questions that remain unanswered.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Epithelial Cells; Tight Junctions; Epithelium
PubMed: 38579602
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151410 -
Pediatric Surgery International Nov 2014The anorectal and urogenital systems arise from a common embryonic structure termed cloaca. Subsequent development leads to the division/septation of the cloaca into the... (Review)
Review
The anorectal and urogenital systems arise from a common embryonic structure termed cloaca. Subsequent development leads to the division/septation of the cloaca into the urethra, urinary bladder, vagina, anal canal, and rectum. Defective cloacal development and the resulting anorectal and urogenital malformations are some of the most severe congenital anomalies encountered in children. In the most severe form in females, the rectum, vagina, and urethra fail to develop separately and drain via a single common channel known as a cloaca into the perineum. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of embryonic cloaca development and malformation, and compare them to what has already been described in the literature. We describe the use of mouse models of cloaca malformation to understand which signaling pathways and cellular mechanisms are involved in the process of normal cloaca development. We also discuss the embryological correlation of the epithelial and stromal histology found in step sections of the common channel in 14 human cloaca malformations. Finally, we highlight the significance of these findings, compare them to prior studies, and discuss their implications for the pediatric surgeons. Understanding and identifying the molecular basis for cloaca malformation could provide foundation for tissue engineering efforts that in the future would reflect better surgical reconstruction and improved quality of life for patients.
Topics: Anal Canal; Animals; Anorectal Malformations; Anus, Imperforate; Cloaca; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Mice; Pregnancy; Rectum; Urogenital Abnormalities
PubMed: 25217828
DOI: 10.1007/s00383-014-3593-8