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Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland) May 2023To explore the species diversity of the genus , specimens from Henan, Hubei and Jiangsu Provinces in China are examined, and three undescribed taxa are encountered. The...
To explore the species diversity of the genus , specimens from Henan, Hubei and Jiangsu Provinces in China are examined, and three undescribed taxa are encountered. The morphological characteristics and DNA sequence analyses of the combined , ITS, LSU, and regions support their placement in and their recognition as new species. sp. nov. is distinguished by the formation of abundant aerial mycelia on PDA, falcate, (1-)3-septate macroconidia 16-35 × 1.5-2.8 μm and subcylindrical, aseptate microconidia 7.5-13 × 0.8-1.1 μm. sp. nov. has a coralloid colony on PDA, falcate, 2-5-septate macroconidia 38-70 × 2-4.5 μm and rod-shaped to ellipisoidal, aseptate microconidia 2-7 × 1-1.9 μm. sp. nov. is characterized by filiform, 2-6-septate macroconidia 28-58 × 1.5-2.3 μm and lacking microconidia. Morphological differences between these novel species and their close relatives are compared in detail. The previously recorded species of the genus in China are listed and a key to these taxa is provided.
PubMed: 37233283
DOI: 10.3390/jof9050572 -
JGH Open : An Open Access Journal of... Sep 2021Multiseptated gallbladder (MSG) (also known as "Honeycomb gallbladder") is a rare condition that was first described by Knetsch in 1952, and there are around 150 cases... (Review)
Review
Multiseptated gallbladder (MSG) (also known as "Honeycomb gallbladder") is a rare condition that was first described by Knetsch in 1952, and there are around 150 cases described over the world. MSG has been described as a congenital anomaly in most of the cases and as acquired in a few. Moreover, the phenomenon was described with a variety of different symptoms and management. The aim of this article is to have better understanding of this condition and management approach. We are reporting a 4-year-old girl, who presented to Sidra Medicine, Qatar with MSG. We have also included 97 cases for review and analysis. The median age of presentation of the condition was 27 years but may present in neonates and in the elderly, while gender was not a risk factor. Abdominal pain is the most common presenting symptom, but it can present without symptoms. Certain congenital anomalies were detected in the pancreaticobiliary system in few patients with MSG. Medical treatment was reported in eight symptomatic patients, four of whom failed therapy. Cholecystectomy was performed in 40 patients, which resulted in resolutions of symptoms in 13 of them. Based on the available literature, congenital MSG is probably due to in-pouching of gallbladder wall to its own cavity forming septa containing muscular fibers. MSG can be diagnosed solely via imaging, and ultrasound appears to be an effective and feasible mode of diagnosis. Medical treatment efficacy is not well-known, but cholecystectomy has resulted in complete resolution in symptomatic patients.
PubMed: 34584965
DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12621 -
Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2022Drought is a major abiotic stress factor affecting plant growth and production, while utilizing beneficial endophytic fungi is one of the most promising strategies for...
Drought is a major abiotic stress factor affecting plant growth and production, while utilizing beneficial endophytic fungi is one of the most promising strategies for enhancing plant growth and drought tolerance. In the current study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the beneficial effects of dark septate endophyte (DSE) (Macrophomina pseudophaseolina, Paraphoma radicina) and Trichoderma (Trichoderma afroharzianum, Trichoderma longibrachiatum) inoculum on Astragalus mongholicus grown in sterile soil under drought stress, alone, or in combination. The addition of Trichoderma enhanced the DSE colonization in roots regardless of the water condition. Under well-watered conditions, M. pseudophaseolina inoculation significantly enhanced the biomass and root length of A. mongholicus. The two DSE and Trichoderma inoculum significantly improved calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside content. However, M. pseudophaseolina + T. afroharzianum inoculation better promoted root growth, whereas co-inoculation had higher active ingredient contents compared with single inoculation, except for P. radicina + T. afroharzianum. Under drought stress, DSE and Trichoderma inoculum significantly improved root biomass, root length, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside content, and activities of nitrate reductase and soil urease. P. radicina + T. afroharzianum and P. radicina + T. longibrachiatum better increased root length, and all combinations of DSE and Trichoderma had a greater impact on the increase in formononetin content compared with the single treatments. Additionally, Trichoderma relies on antioxidant enzymes, growth hormones, and the redox system (ascorbic acid−glutathione) to resist drought, while DSE strains have an additional osmotic regulation system in addition to the drought resistance function possessed by Trichoderma, and the effect of co-inoculation (especially M. pseudophaseolina + T. longibrachiatum and P. radicina + T. afroharzianum) on plant physiological parameters was greater than that of single inoculation. This study provides a new research direction for the effects of DSE and Trichoderma on medicinal plant cultivated in dryland.
PubMed: 36135646
DOI: 10.3390/jof8090920 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Jan 2017Women with a septate uterus are at increased risk for subfertility, recurrent miscarriage, and preterm birth. Restoration of the anatomy of the uterus by hysteroscopic... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Women with a septate uterus are at increased risk for subfertility, recurrent miscarriage, and preterm birth. Restoration of the anatomy of the uterus by hysteroscopic septum resection is an established intervention. This treatment has been assessed mainly in retrospective cohort studies, which suggested a positive effect on pregnancy outcomes. The major flaw in these studies is the before/after design, which will always favour the tested intervention.
OBJECTIVES
To determine whether hysteroscopic septum resection in women of reproductive age with a septate uterus improves live birth rates and to assess the safety of this procedure.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group Specialised Register (inception to May 2016), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL CRSO) (inception to May 2016), MEDLINE (1946 to May 2016), Embase (1974 to May 2016), PsycINFO (1806 to May 2016), and CINAHL database (1982 to May 2016). We also searched trial registers for ongoing and registered trials, reference lists, the Cochrane Library, unpublished dissertations and theses, conference abstracts, OpenGrey, LILACS, PubMed, and Google.
SELECTION CRITERIA
We planned to include randomised controlled trials that assessed the effect on reproductive outcomes and the safety of hysteroscopic septum resection in women of reproductive age with a septate uterus.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
If there had been studies to include, two review authors would have independently selected studies, assessed trial risk of bias, and extracted data. They would also have contacted study authors for additional information.
MAIN RESULTS
As in the 2011 version of this review, we identified no randomised controlled trials for inclusion in this update.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Hysteroscopic septum resection in women of reproductive age with a septate uterus is performed worldwide to improve reproductive outcomes. At present, there is no evidence to support the surgical procedure in these women. Randomised controlled trials are urgently needed. Two trials are currently underway.
Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adult; Female; Humans; Hysteroscopy; Pregnancy; Uterus
PubMed: 28093720
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008576.pub4 -
European Journal of Radiology Open 2020It is important to identify features on computed tomography (CT) that can distinguish between benign and premalignant or malignant pancreatic cysts to avoid unnecessary...
PURPOSE
It is important to identify features on computed tomography (CT) that can distinguish between benign and premalignant or malignant pancreatic cysts to avoid unnecessary surgeries. This study investigated the preoperative diagnostic evaluation of cystic pancreatic lesions to determine how advanced imaging and clinical factors should guide management.
METHODS
In total, 53 patients with 27 benign and 26 premalignant or malignant cysts were enrolled. CT features of the cysts were compared using univariate and multivariate analyses.
RESULTS
On univariate analysis, a solid component (p < 0.01), septation (p < 0.01), location (p < 0.01), border (p < 0.01), wall enhancement (p = 0.01), lesion margins (p < 0.01), pancreatic atrophy (p = 0.04), and a cystic wall (p < 0.01) were all significantly different between benign and premalignant or malignant cysts. On multivariate analysis, only a solid component (p < 0.01) and septation (p < 0.01) were significant.
CONCLUSION
A thin cystic wall, uniform homogeneity, a clear border, the presence of septation, pancreatic atrophy, and the absence of both wall enhancements and solid components were more frequently seen in benign cysts. A thick wall, lack of homogeneity, the presence of wall enhancements and solid components, absence of septation, only a small degree of pancreatic atrophy, and unclear borders were more frequent among premalignant or malignant cysts. The only CT features to differentiate benign from premalignant or malignant cysts were a solid component and septation.
PubMed: 33163586
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2020.100278 -
Neurosurgical Review Apr 2024To analyse the imaging findings of papillary glioneuronal tumors (PGNTs), in order to improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis of this tumor. The clinical and...
To analyse the imaging findings of papillary glioneuronal tumors (PGNTs), in order to improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis of this tumor. The clinical and imaging manifestations of 36 cases of PGNT confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 17 males and 19 females, averaging 22.47 (± 11.23) years. Initial symptoms included epilepsy in ten, headache in seven, and others in 19 cases. 97.2% (35/36) of the lesions were located in the supratentorial area, and 80.5% (29/36) in the intraventricular or deep white matter adjacent to the lateral ventricles. Twenty-four of the lesions (66.7%) were mixed cystic and solid, four (11.1%) were cystic with mural nodules, four (11.1%) were cystic, and four (11.1%) were solid. Four cases of PGNT of cystic imaging showed a "T2-FLAIR mismatch" sign. 69.4% (25/36) had septations. Nine lesions (25%) were accompanied by edema, and 9 (25%) of the mixed cystic and solid lesions were accompanied by hemorrhage. Among the 18 patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) or susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), nine had lesions with calcification. PGNTs mostly manifest as cystic mass with mural nodules or mixed cystic and solid mass in the white matter around the supratentorial ventricle, and the cystic part of the lesion is mostly accompanied by septations. Pure cystic lesions may exhibit the sign of "T2-FLAIR mismatch". PGNT is rarely accompanied by edema but sometimes by calcification and hemorrhage. Patients often present with seizures, headaches, and mass effect symptoms.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Adult; Adolescent; Young Adult; Child; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Retrospective Studies; Brain Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Middle Aged; Ganglioglioma; Child, Preschool
PubMed: 38649515
DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02393-1 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Case... Jun 2022To report a case of saccadic intrusions in a 9-month-old under the context of non-accidental trauma.
PURPOSE
To report a case of saccadic intrusions in a 9-month-old under the context of non-accidental trauma.
OBSERVATIONS
A 9-month-old female presented with the eye finding of intermittent ocular flutter. Upon imaging for neuroblastoma, she was discovered to have bilateral supratentorial subdural hematomas with internal septations, moderate mass effect on adjacent cerebral parenchyma, pachymeningeal and tentorial enhancement, and cortical vein thrombosis. This constellation of findings was concerning for non-accidental trauma.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPORTANCE
Although an extremely rare occurrence, ocular flutter may be a presenting sign in non-accidental trauma, and imaging should absolutely be considered under such circumstances.
PubMed: 35572610
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101564 -
Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 2019Testicular tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon presentation of extrapulmonary TB. Although rare in incidence, it is a great masquerader and should be kept in consideration... (Review)
Review
Testicular tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon presentation of extrapulmonary TB. Although rare in incidence, it is a great masquerader and should be kept in consideration while assessing focal abnormalities involving the testis. Ultrasound findings alone may be non-specific and mimic other diagnoses including infection, inflammation, tumor, infarct, and trauma. The main objective of this sonographic pictorial review is to discuss the imaging findings, specific differentiating features against each differential and use of ancillary imaging findings whenever available. Concurrent involvement of epididymis, septated hydrocele, scrotal wall edema, and calcification of tunica vaginalis provides strong evidence in an appropriate setting. Available extratesticular ancillary imaging findings must be correlated for correct diagnosis due to non-specific imaging and clinical presentation. Misdiagnosis of scrotal TB may lead to otherwise avoidable epididymo-orchiectomy.
PubMed: 31448178
DOI: 10.25259/JCIS-14-2019 -
Biodiversity Data Journal 2022Nematode-trapping fungi are a highly specialised group in fungi and are essential regulators of natural nematode populations. At present, more than 130 species have been...
BACKGROUND
Nematode-trapping fungi are a highly specialised group in fungi and are essential regulators of natural nematode populations. At present, more than 130 species have been discovered in Zygomycota (Zoopagaceae), Basidiomycota (), and Ascomycota (Orbiliaceae). Amongst them, nematode-trapping fungi in Orbiliaceae have become the research focus of carnivorous fungi due to their abundant species. During the investigation of carnivorous fungi in Yunnan, China, four fungal strains isolated from burned forest soil were identified as two new nematode-trapping species in (Orbiliaceae), based on multigene phylogenetic analysis and morphological characters.
NEW INFORMATION
sp. nov. is characterised by its ellipsoid, 1-2-septate macroconidia, clavate or bottle-shaped, 0-1-septate microconidia and unbranched, simple conidiophores. sp. nov. is characterised by fusiform or spindle-shaped, 2-4-septate conidia and unbranched, simple conidiophores. Both of them produce constricting rings to capture nematodes. The phylogenetic analysis, based on combined ITS, TEF1-α and RPB2 sequences, determined their placement in . forms a basal lineage closely nested with (YMF1.03993). forms a sister lineage with (1.01429), a (YMF1.00119) and (FWY03-25-1).
PubMed: 36761641
DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.10.e96642 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2022This retrospective case series describes imaging findings in seven dogs and two cats with a presumptive diagnosis of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) between...
This retrospective case series describes imaging findings in seven dogs and two cats with a presumptive diagnosis of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) between 2014 and 2021. Peritoneal effusion was present in all animal patients. Sonographically, echogenic fluid with or without echogenic intraperitoneal septations, gathered or corrugated bowel loops, and abdominal lymphadenomegaly were suggesting an inflammatory process and the presence of adhesions. Gathering of the bowel with abdominal distension and/or signs of intestinal obstruction were major findings on radiographs. Abdominal fat stranding was an additional finding in animals undergoing a CT examination. Previous surgery, pregnancy, and the presence of a perforating foreign body were potential predisposing causes in 4/9 animals. Peritonitis was septic in 4/9 animals. As SEP is a rare condition but life threatening, this detailed description of imaging findings in a short case series can be useful for a presumptive diagnosis and surgical planning.
PubMed: 35754547
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.891492