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Wounds : a Compendium of Clinical... Feb 2023Streptococcus constellatus is commensal flora of the oropharyngeal, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tracts with a proclivity for abscess formation. Bacteremia due to...
INTRODUCTION
Streptococcus constellatus is commensal flora of the oropharyngeal, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tracts with a proclivity for abscess formation. Bacteremia due to S constellatus is rare; however, rising incidences have been reported, particularly in patients with diabetes. Prompt surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy with a cephalosporin are the mainstays of treatment.
CASE REPORT
The case presented here involves a patient with poorly controlled diabetes who had necrotizing soft tissue infection secondary to S constellatus. The infection originated from bilateral diabetic foot ulcerations that led to bacteremia and sepsis.
CONCLUSION
Immediate source control with wide and aggressive surgical debridement, initial empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy followed by tailored treatment based on deep operative cultures, and staged closure led to effective limb-salvage and life-sparing intervention for this patient.
Topics: Humans; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Diabetic Foot; Streptococcus constellatus; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cephalosporins; Debridement; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 36897617
DOI: 10.25270/wnds/22044 -
Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2015Introduction. Streptococcus constellatus collectively with Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus intermedius constitute the Streptococcus anginosus (formerly...
Introduction. Streptococcus constellatus collectively with Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus intermedius constitute the Streptococcus anginosus (formerly Streptococcus milleri) group. Though they are commonly associated with abscesses, bacteremia with subsequent septic thrombophlebitis is extremely rare, and resulting mortality is infrequent. Case Presentation. We report a case of a previously healthy 60-year-old African American female who presented with Streptococcus constellatus bacteremia associated with septic thrombophlebitis to the right ovarian vein extending into the inferior vena cava. She was urgently treated with antibiotics and anticoagulation. Conclusion. Septic thrombophlebitis has a clinical presentation that is often misleading. Therefore, a high clinical index of suspicion and the use of appropriate imaging modalities (computed tomography) are essential in recognizing and confirming this diagnosis. Prompt treatment is warranted. Surgical thrombectomies have been successfully replaced by a combination of antibiotics and anticoagulation therapy.
PubMed: 26171262
DOI: 10.1155/2015/495898 -
Cureus Mar 2024Empyema is the collection of pus in the pleural cavity and most times, it occurs unilaterally. It is often associated with underlying pneumonia, but other causes have...
Bilateral Empyema With Beta Hemolytic Group C Streptococcus and Streptococcus constellatus Co-infection Resulting From an Esophageal Perforation and Associated With Septic Shock, Diffuse ST Elevation, and New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation.
Empyema is the collection of pus in the pleural cavity and most times, it occurs unilaterally. It is often associated with underlying pneumonia, but other causes have been identified as well. When it occurs after an esophageal perforation, which in itself is also rare, morbidity and mortality are even higher. Esophageal perforation can cause life-threatening complications due to its close proximity to the vital organs of the mediastinum, necessitating its timely diagnosis and aggressive management. Bacteria forming part of the normal esophageal and oral flora are the most common causative pathogens for empyema from an esophageal perforation. Streptococcus constellatus and group C Streptococci, though both rare and often not taken seriously, have been identified as individual causes of empyema. We present a case of a 58-year-old male who presented with a worsening cough, chest pain, and shortness of breath after choking on a fish bone. He was diagnosed with bilateral loculated empyema resulting from esophageal perforation with the pleural fluid culture isolating both group C streptococcus and Streptococcus constellatus. He also developed respiratory failure, mediastinitis, and septic shock. This case will enable physicians to take empyema caused by these bacteria seriously and also to include esophageal perforation as a differential diagnosis when a patient presents with bilateral empyema associated with chest pain and electrocardiographic changes.
PubMed: 38686265
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57251 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2020This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, distribution of different strains and risk factors of patients infected with Streptococcus anginosus group...
This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, distribution of different strains and risk factors of patients infected with Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG). In the population of 463 patients, the male-to-female ratio was 1.95:1, and the patient age ranged from 6 months to 103 years. There were 49 children (10.58%), 311 young and middle-aged adults (67.17%), and 103 elderly adults (22.25%). Approximately 45.4% had underlying conditions, which were mostly malignant tumors and diabetes. Of the 463 specimens, 254 were S. anginosus (54.86%), 173 were S. constellatus (37.37%), and 36 were S. intermedius (7.77%). According to the age distribution, the incidence peaked in the 35-54 year age group. Different sites of infection had statistically significant differences regarding the constituent ratios of these three species. Different age groups also exhibited statistically significant differences in constituent ratios of the pathogenic organisms, as well as organ infections. In our population, 269 were clinically cured, 184 reported satisfactory improvement, and 10 died. SAG, as an opportunistic pathogen, can induce pyogenic infections in patients of all ages and shows no significant gender predilection in any age group. The three pathogenic organisms had differences with respect to patient age and infections of body sites.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; China; Female; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus anginosus
PubMed: 32493976
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65977-z -
Cureus Apr 2023Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is known as a pus-filled lesion found in the liver which can quickly become fatal if not found and treated in a timely manner. The most...
Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is known as a pus-filled lesion found in the liver which can quickly become fatal if not found and treated in a timely manner. The most common group of bacteria found in PLA is the Streptococcus Anginosus Group (SAG). Patients with PLA usually present with fever and right upper quadrant abdominal pain which can at times be referred to the right shoulder owing to dermatomal involvement. We present a case where a patient with a past medical history significant for recent diverticulosis presenting with a left lower quadrant abdominal pain, fever, and hypotension and on further workup was found to have a PLA. Blood cultures and cultures from the abscess grew Streptococcus constellatus. This bacteria is part of the SAG group however, it is rarely found in PLA and bloodstream.
PubMed: 37139043
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37004 -
The Open Dentistry Journal 2016Amazonian biodiversity products that have been used for years in folk medicine, have emerged as feasible and promising alternatives for the inhibition of microorganisms...
UNLABELLED
Amazonian biodiversity products that have been used for years in folk medicine, have emerged as feasible and promising alternatives for the inhibition of microorganisms in dental biofilm. Copaiba oil, a phytotherapic agent widely used by the Amazonian populations, is known for its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anesthetic, healing and antitumor medicinal properties.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of copaiba oil (Copaifera multijuga) gel against strains of Streptococcus sp present in dental biofilm.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The copaiba oil was obtained and the chemical components were identified. The oil emulsions were formulated and used with the Brain Heart Infusion agar diffusion method with strains of Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus constellatus and Streptococcus salivarius isolated from patients as well as standard strains of S. mitis (ATCC903), S. mutans (ATCC10449), S. sanguinis (ATCC15300) and S. oralis (ATCC10557). The study groups were as follows: experimental copaiba oil gel, 1% chlorhexidine gel (positive control) and base gel (negative control). The seeded plates were incubated at 37ºC for 12, 24 and 48 hours, respectively. The results obtained were analyzed by Shapiro-Wilk and Friedman Tests (p<0.05) for non parametric data and the Tukey test was used for pH values with 5% level of significance.
RESULTS
The experimental copaiba oil gel and 1% chlorhexidine gel showed antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms.
CONCLUSION
The copaiba oil gel demonstrated antibacterial activity against all the strains of Streptococcus sp tested, suggesting that it can be used for dental biofilm control.
PubMed: 27386004
DOI: 10.2174/1874210601610010188 -
BMJ Case Reports Mar 2018is a clinically important pathogen that is emerging globally but remains poorly investigated. Here, we report the first case of acute glomerulonephritis resulting from...
is a clinically important pathogen that is emerging globally but remains poorly investigated. Here, we report the first case of acute glomerulonephritis resulting from infection with Glomerulonephritis is typically caused by and reports secondary to other strains including and exist. Infection with in this patient was associated with acute nephritis (haematuria, oedema and hypertension), nephrotic syndrome and progressive azotemia. There was activation of the complement system. The presence of low C1q and elevated anti-C1q binding complexes points to a potential pathogenic role. Testing for streptococcal antigens was strongly positive. Emerging nephritogenic strains of present a significant health concern for both developed and developing countries.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Abdominal Wall; Acute Disease; Aftercare; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azotemia; Complement C1q; Complement C3; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Middle Aged; Nephritis; Nephrotic Syndrome; Proteinuria; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus anginosus; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29523515
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-223314 -
Respirology Case Reports Mar 2022is an anaerobic, gram-negative rod bacterium associated with freshwater and marine life. Human infections are rare, and most infections in humans cause...
is an anaerobic, gram-negative rod bacterium associated with freshwater and marine life. Human infections are rare, and most infections in humans cause gastroenteritis. Extraintestinal infections of such as pleural empyema are particularly rare. A 72-year-old man was admitted with cough and purulent sputum. His medical history included periodontal disease and gastric cancer for which he had undergone total gastrectomy. Chest computed tomography showed left pleural effusion with foci of gas, and both and were cultured from the pleural effusion. Thus, he was diagnosed with gas-forming empyema. He was successfully treated with therapeutic thoracentesis and antibiotics. Our case suggests that a dietary habit of raw fish, undernutrition, gastrectomy and oral infection may be predisposing factors for empyema caused by .
PubMed: 35198215
DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.913 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2022The aim of this pilot study was to assess the time-related changes in viable nasal bacteria concentrations among waste-incineration plant (WIP) workers compared to a...
The aim of this pilot study was to assess the time-related changes in viable nasal bacteria concentrations among waste-incineration plant (WIP) workers compared to a group of office building (OB) workers outside the plant. In total, 20 volunteers participated in the study, including 14 WIP and 6 OB workers. WIP workers were divided into two sub-groups: supervisory staff (SVS) and maintenance and repair workers (MRW). Nasal swabs were collected before and after the morning work shift. Airborne bacteria were sampled with a six-stage impactor to assess the bioaerosol size distribution. The analysis showed that a significant, almost three-fold increase in nasal bacterial concentration was found only among WIP workers, and this referred mainly to anaerobic species. The load of anaerobic bacteria at the beginning of work was 12,988 CFU/mL, and after work shift 36,979 CFU/mL (p < 0.01). Significant increases in microbial concentrations was found only in the MRW subgroup, among non-smoking workers only. The results showed increased bacterial concentration in WIP nasal samples for as many as 12 bacterial species, including, e.g., Streptococcus constellatus, Peptostreptococcus spp., E. coli, and P. mirabilis. These preliminary data confirmed that the nasal swab method was helpful for assessment of the workers’ real-time exposure to airborne bacteria.
Topics: Aerosols; Air Microbiology; Bacteria; Environmental Monitoring; Escherichia coli; Humans; Incineration; Occupational Exposure; Pilot Projects
PubMed: 35897354
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158984 -
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons... Feb 2018Introduction The incidence of deep neck space infection (DNSI) is rising and appears to be related to falling rates of tonsillectomy. The purpose of this study was to...
Introduction The incidence of deep neck space infection (DNSI) is rising and appears to be related to falling rates of tonsillectomy. The purpose of this study was to assess demographics of patients presenting with DNSI and the financial burden to the National Health Service (NHS). Methods Data were collected retrospectively on patients aged over 16 years admitted to NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde with DNSI between 2012 and 2016. Demographics, aetiology and use of hospital resources were reviewed. The cost of hospital admissions was calculated using data from NHS Scotland's Information Services Division, the local diagnostics division and the British National Formulary. Results Seventy-four patients were admitted with DNSI during the study period. Forty (54%) were male. The mean age was 44.0 years (range: 16-86 years). The most frequent source of infection was the tonsil (n=30, 40.5%). The most common infective organism was Streptococcus constellatus (n=9, 12.2%). The mean length of stay was 11 days. Fifty-five patients (74.3%) required operative intervention. The mean cost of admission per patient was £5,700 (range: £332-£46,700). Conclusions This study highlights the high cost burden of DNSI to the NHS. The incidence of DNSI in Glasgow has risen over the study period; contributing factors may include the reduced tonsillectomy rate and a reduction in antibiotic prescribing. As the incidence of DNSI continues to rise, there will be an increase in cost to the NHS, which must be planned for.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Incidence; Length of Stay; Male; Middle Aged; Neck; Pharyngeal Diseases; Retrospective Studies; Tonsillectomy; Young Adult
PubMed: 29046089
DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2017.0193