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JAMA Network Open Sep 2023Suicidality poses a serious global health concern, particularly in the sexual and gender minority population. While various studies have focused on investigating chronic...
IMPORTANCE
Suicidality poses a serious global health concern, particularly in the sexual and gender minority population. While various studies have focused on investigating chronic stressors, the precise prediction effect of daily experiences on suicide ideation remains uncertain.
OBJECTIVE
To test the extent to which mood fluctuations and contextual stressful events experienced by sexual and gender minority individuals may predict later short- and long-term suicide ideation.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
This diagnostic study collected twice-daily data on mood states and stressful events from sexual and gender minority individuals over 25 days throughout 3 waves of the Chinese Lunar New Year (before, during, and after), and follow-up surveys assessing suicidal ideation were conducted 1, 3, and 8 months later. Online recruitment advertisements were used to recruit young adults throughout China. Eligible participants were self-identified as sexual and gender minority individuals aged 18 to 29 years. Those who were diagnosed with psychotic disorders (eg, schizophrenia spectrum or schizotypal disorder) or prevented from objective factors (ie, not having a phone or having an irregular sleep rhythm) were excluded. Data were collected from January to October 2022.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
To predict short-term (1 month) and longer-term (3 and 8 months) suicidal ideation, the study tested several approaches by using machine learning including chronic stress baseline data (baseline approach), dynamic patterns of mood states and stressful events (ecological momentary assessment [EMA] approach), and a combination of baseline data and dynamic patterns (EMA plus baseline approach).
RESULTS
A total of 103 sexual and gender minority individuals participated in the study (mean [SD] age, 24.2 [2.5] years; 72 [70%] female). Of these, 19 (18.4%; 95% CI, 10.9%-25.9%), 25 (24.8%; 95% CI, 16.4%-33.2%), 30 (29.4%; 95% CI, 20.6%-38.2%), and 32 (31.1%; 95% CI, 22.2%-40.0%) reported suicidal ideation at baseline, 1, 3, and 8 months follow-up, respectively. The EMA approach showed better performance than the baseline and baseline plus EMA approaches at 1-month follow-up (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.80; 95% CI, 0.78-0.81) and slightly better performance on the prediction of suicidal ideation at 3 and 8 months' follow-up. In addition, the best approach predicting suicidal ideation was obtained during Lunar New Year period at 1-month follow-up, which had a mean AUC of 0.77 (95% CI, 0.74-0.79) and better performance at 3 and 8 months' follow-up (AUC, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.72-0.76 and AUC, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.69-0.74, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
The findings in this study emphasize the importance of contextual risk factors experienced by sexual and gender minority individuals at different stages. The use of machine learning may facilitate the identification of individuals who are at risk and aid in the development of personalized process-based early prevention programs to mitigate future suicide risk.
Topics: Young Adult; Humans; Female; Adult; Male; Suicidal Ideation; Ecological Momentary Assessment; Sexual Behavior; Machine Learning; Sexual and Gender Minorities
PubMed: 37695580
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.33164 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023It is uncertain whether burnout is associated with suicidal ideation among workers not in health care services. The aim of this study was to identify how burnout and...
INTRODUCTION
It is uncertain whether burnout is associated with suicidal ideation among workers not in health care services. The aim of this study was to identify how burnout and suicidal ideation are linked among employees in various occupations and whether depression affects this link.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study collected data from 12,083 participants aged 19-65 years from 25 companies and public institutions who underwent workplace mental health screening. Burnout and depression were assessed using both the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Suicidal ideation was assessed by a self-rated questionnaire from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
RESULTS
Exhaustion but not the cynicism dimension of burnout was associated with increased odds of suicidal ideation after adjustment for depression and other covariates (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.26-1.72). The association of exhaustion with suicidal ideation was significant in both depressed (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.14-1.61) and not depressed (OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.13-2.76) participants. In exhausted participants, insufficient job control, an unfavorable occupational climate, low educational level, and depression were associated with increased odds of suicidal ideation.
CONCLUSION
Exhaustion is linked with risk of suicidal ideation in employees not in health care service, regardless of depression status. Exhausted employees, particularly those having poor job resources, should be recognized as an at-risk group.
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Nutrition Surveys; Burnout, Psychological; Occupations
PubMed: 37744483
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1243920 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Mar 2024Understanding predictors of suicidal ideation (SI) is crucial for preventing suicides. Given Europe's high suicide rates and the complex nature of SI, it is essential to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Understanding predictors of suicidal ideation (SI) is crucial for preventing suicides. Given Europe's high suicide rates and the complex nature of SI, it is essential to also examine social determinants like education as potential risk factors for SI in this region. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the association between formal/vocational education and SI in Europe.
METHODS
Electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX) were searched until November 2022. Included studies involved European populations examining associations between education and SI. Pooled Odds Ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed with the heterogeneity variance τ and I statistic; subgroup analyses were performed based on study characteristics. Risk of bias was assessed using an adaption of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
RESULTS
From 20,564 initial studies, 41 were included in the meta-analysis (outlier-adjusted, 96,809 study participants). A negative, insignificant association (OR = 0.86, 95 % CI: 0.75; 1.00) was observed between education and SI, with significant heterogeneity (τ = 0.09, I = 73 %). Subgroup analyses indicated that population type, age group, categorization of education, timeframe of SI assessment, and study quality significantly moderated the effect size.
LIMITATIONS
Heterogeneity across studies limits generalizability. The cross-sectional design precludes establishing causal relationships, and social desirability bias may have underestimated the association between education and SI.
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests a trend towards a protective effect of education on the emergence of SI in Europe. Future research, preferably with longitudinal study design examining various covariates, should systematically consider educational inequalities in SI.
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide; Longitudinal Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Europe
PubMed: 38199415
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.040 -
The Journal of Adolescent Health :... Apr 2017
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Crime Victims; Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 28340868
DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.01.013 -
Rhode Island Medical Journal (2013) May 2022Suicidal thought and behavior (STB) in preschool and kindergarten-age children is an alarming event. Until recently, these young children's experiences have been under...
Suicidal thought and behavior (STB) in preschool and kindergarten-age children is an alarming event. Until recently, these young children's experiences have been under recognized, in part due to an under appreciation for their awareness of the finality of death. Although rare, serious suicide attempts and death by suicide among preschool and kindergarten-age children are well documented. There is limited research on the risk factors that contribute to STB in very young children. We present de-identified case descriptions of very young children seen for psychiatric treatment at a day hospital program who presented with self-injurious behavior and suicidal ideation (SI). The patients described have common risk factors, including exposure to trauma, family conflict and family history of suicidal behavior. It is critical that children presenting with STB be assessed and offered services to mitigate these risks.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 35476734
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2022The aim of the study was to explore in depression the relationship between recent suicidal ideation and the different anhedonias taking into account the severity of...
The aim of the study was to explore in depression the relationship between recent suicidal ideation and the different anhedonias taking into account the severity of depression. Recent studies have suggested that recent change of anhedonia and not state or trait anhedonia is associated with recent suicidal ideations even when the level of depression is controlled. Three samples were used (74 severe major depressives, 43 outpatients with somatic disorders presenting mild or moderate depression and 36 mild or moderate depressives hospitalized in the intensive coronary unit). Recent change of anhedonia was rated by the anhedonia subscale of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), state anhedonia by the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), trait anhedonia by the TEPS (Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale), musical anhedonia by the BMRQ (Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire), social recent change of anhedonia by the SLIPS (Specific Loss of Interest and Pleasure Scale), the severity of depression by the BDI-II and the distinction between melancholic and non-melancholic was found using a subscale of the BDI-II. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed in each sample. In severe major depressives and, notably, in melancholia, recent suicidal ideation was associated with trait anhedonia; however, in mild or moderate depression, recent suicidal ideation was associated with recent change of anhedonia. Musical anhedonia and social recent change of anhedonia were not associated with recent suicidal ideation. Trait anhedonia could be, in severe depression, a strong predictor of recent suicidal ideation.
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Anhedonia; Depressive Disorder; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Pleasure
PubMed: 36498219
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316147 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2023Two studies are reported examining the relation of self-control, as measured by self-report inventories, to indices of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. In the...
Two studies are reported examining the relation of self-control, as measured by self-report inventories, to indices of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. In the first study ( = 113), self-control related significantly ( < 0.05) and negatively to both indices ( = -0.37 and = -0.26), and, in a hierarchical regression analysis, added significantly to the variance in the suicidal ideation index accounted for by a measure of impulsivity. The second study ( = 223) replicated the findings of the bivariate correlations ( = -0.55 and = -0.59) with the suicidality indices in the first study, both with the earlier measures and with alternative measures of self-control and impulsivity. Results indicated self-control added to the prediction of both indices and not just the ideation index. The second study also demonstrated that self-control acts as a moderator for perceived stress, a known risk factor for suicidality, such that, at low levels of perceived stress, there is little difference between those high and low in measured self-control, but that at high stress levels, those with high self-control had lower scores on suicidal ideation. The results are interpreted as showing that self-control is a protective factor for suicidality.
Topics: Humans; Suicide, Attempted; Suicidal Ideation; Impulsive Behavior; Self Report; Risk Factors; Self-Control
PubMed: 36981922
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065012 -
Scientific Reports Oct 2023Studies have shown a heightened prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation among patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer (GIC). GIC patients are at a 1.5- to threefold...
Studies have shown a heightened prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation among patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer (GIC). GIC patients are at a 1.5- to threefold increased risk of suicide and depression compared to other cancer patients. This study investigates the interplay of internet use, family burden, and emotional support on mental health (depression) and suicidal ideation among patients with GIC. The study involves 202 respondents of which 78 were undergoing GIC treatment during this study. Using structural equation modeling, our findings indicate a substantial negative correlation between mental health and suicidal ideation. Overall, suicidal ideation (median score) was noticeably lower in patient who completed their treatment with noticeable individuals with exceptionally high SI even after completing the treatment. Notably, participants who had completed their treatment demonstrated a significantly stronger correlation between emotional support and mental health compared to those who were still undergoing treatment. Age was found to moderate the mental health-suicidal ideation link significantly. Internet usage for health-related information was also inversely correlated with mental health (directly) and suicidal ideation (indirectly). We noted that the influence of emotional support on mental health was significantly higher among individuals who completed their treatment compared to those who were undergoing their GIC treatment. Family burden emerged as significant negative influences on mental health, while emotional support positively impacted mental health. The findings of this study contribute towards a deeper understanding of suicide risk factors in GIC patients, potentially shaping more effective preventive strategies.
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Depression; Suicide; Mental Health; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Risk Factors
PubMed: 37880295
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45634-x -
Journal of Affective Disorders Dec 2020Depression and other psychopathology are often assessed retrospectively. Few studies have evaluated the validity of these reports by comparing prospectively-assessed...
BACKGROUND
Depression and other psychopathology are often assessed retrospectively. Few studies have evaluated the validity of these reports by comparing prospectively-assessed symptoms to retrospective reports during the same time period.
METHODS
This study utilized a subset of participants (n = 68) from the Oregon Adolescent Depression Project who completed at least one mailer assessment of depressive symptoms during a retrospectively-reported depressive episode. Participants completed up to seven mailer assessments of depression and suicidal ideation and diagnostic assessments that included retrospectively-reported depressive episodes that coincided with the mailer assessments.
RESULTS
Multilevel linear models examined differences in depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation during and between retrospectively-reported depressive episodes. Results showed that individuals reported significantly higher levels of depression and suicidal ideation for retrospectively-reported depressive episodes compared to when they were not in depressive episodes. In addition, the average level of depressive symptoms endorsed during retrospectively-reported depressive episodes reached established clinical cut-offs.
LIMITATIONS
Although we were able to determine whether symptoms during retrospectively-reported depressive episodes approached clinical cut-offs, we were unable to examine whether symptoms met criteria for depressive episodes. Additionally, we could not examine whether episode severity related to recall ability, and other forms of psychopathology were not assessed.
CONCLUSION
These findings provide critical evidence for the validity of retrospectively-reported depressive episodes. Future research should examine whether these findings generalize across varying recall periods and retrospective assessments for other psychopathology.
Topics: Adolescent; Depression; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Suicidal Ideation
PubMed: 33065833
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.067 -
AMIA ... Annual Symposium Proceedings.... 2022Suicide is a significant and rising threat to public health. In the United States, 47,500 people died from suicide in 2019, a 10-year increase of 30%. Many researchers...
Suicide is a significant and rising threat to public health. In the United States, 47,500 people died from suicide in 2019, a 10-year increase of 30%. Many researchers are interested in studying the risk factors associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt to help inform clinical screening, intervention, and prevention efforts. Many suicide risk factor analyses draw from clinical subdomains and quantify risk factors independently. While traditional modeling approaches might assume independence between risk factors, current suicide research suggests that the development of suicidal intent is a complex, multifactorial process. Thus, it may be beneficial to how suicide risk-factors interact with one another. In this study, we used network analysis to generate visual suicidality risk relationship diagrams. We extract medical concepts from free-text clinical notes and generate cooccurrence-based risk networks for suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. In addition, we generate a network of risk factors for suicidal ideation which evolves into a suicide attempt. Our networks were able to replicate existing risk factor findings and provide additional insight into the degree to which risk factors behave as independent morbidities or as interacting comorbidities with other risk factors. These results highlight potential avenues for risk factor analyses of complex outcomes using network analysis.
Topics: Humans; United States; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted; Risk Factors; Text Messaging
PubMed: 37128429
DOI: No ID Found