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International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2021Tissue engineering (TE) is the approach to combine cells with scaffold materials and appropriate growth factors to regenerate or replace damaged or degenerated tissue or... (Review)
Review
Tissue engineering (TE) is the approach to combine cells with scaffold materials and appropriate growth factors to regenerate or replace damaged or degenerated tissue or organs. The scaffold material as a template for tissue formation plays the most important role in TE. Among scaffold materials, silk fibroin (SF), a natural protein with outstanding mechanical properties, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and bioresorbability has attracted significant attention for TE applications. SF is commonly dissolved into an aqueous solution and can be easily reconstructed into different material formats, including films, mats, hydrogels, and sponges via various fabrication techniques. These include spin coating, electrospinning, freeze drying, physical, and chemical crosslinking techniques. Furthermore, to facilitate fabrication of more complex SF-based scaffolds with high precision techniques including micro-patterning and bio-printing have recently been explored. This review introduces the physicochemical and mechanical properties of SF and looks into a range of SF-based scaffolds that have been recently developed. The typical TE applications of SF-based scaffolds including bone, cartilage, ligament, tendon, skin, wound healing, and tympanic membrane, will be highlighted and discussed, followed by future prospects and challenges needing to be addressed.
Topics: Absorbable Implants; Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Biopolymers; Bioprinting; Extracellular Matrix; Fibroins; Humans; Hydrogels; Insecta; Materials Testing; Mechanical Phenomena; Organ Specificity; Protein Conformation; Regeneration; Species Specificity; Spiders; Surgical Sponges; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 33540895
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031499 -
Molecular Cancer Feb 2019CircRNA has emerged as a new non-coding RNA that plays crucial roles in tumour initiation and development. 'MiRNA sponge' is the most reported role played by circRNAs in...
BACKGROUND
CircRNA has emerged as a new non-coding RNA that plays crucial roles in tumour initiation and development. 'MiRNA sponge' is the most reported role played by circRNAs in many tumours. The AKT/mTOR axis is a classic signalling pathway in cancers that sustains energy homeostasis through energy production activities, such as the Warburg effect, and blocks catabolic activities, such as autophagy. Additionally, the AKT/mTOR axis exerts a positive effect on EMT, which promotes tumour metastasis.
METHODS
We detected higher circNRIP1 expression in gastric cancer by performing RNA-seq analysis. We verified the tumour promotor role of circNRIP1 in gastric cancer cells through a series of biological function assays. We then used a pull-down assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay to identify the downstream miR-149-5p of circNRIP1. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assays were performed to demonstrate that the circNRIP1-miR-149-5p-AKT1/mTOR axis is responsible for the altered metabolism in GC cells and promotes GC development. We then adopted a co-culture system to trace circNRIP1 transmission via exosomal communication and RIP experiments to determine that quaking regulates circNRIP1 expression. Finally, we confirmed the tumour suppressor role of microRNA-133a-3p in vivo in PDX mouse models.
RESULTS
We discovered that knockdown of circNRIP1 successfully blocked proliferation, migration, invasion and the expression level of AKT1 in GC cells. MiR-149-5p inhibition phenocopied the overexpression of circNRIP1 in GC cells, and overexpression of miR-149-5p blocked the malignant behaviours of circNRIP1. Moreover, it was proven that circNRIP1 can be transmitted by exosomal communication between GC cells, and exosomal circNRIP1 promoted tumour metastasis in vivo. We also demonstrated that quaking can promote circNRIP1 transcription. In the final step, the tumour promotor role of circNRIP1 was verified in PDX models.
CONCLUSIONS
We proved that circNRIP1 sponges miR-149-5p to affect the expression level of AKT1 and eventually acts as a tumour promotor in GC.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Disease Progression; Exosomes; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Heterografts; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Mice; MicroRNAs; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; RNA; RNA, Circular; RNA, Small Interfering; Signal Transduction; Stomach Neoplasms; Survival Analysis; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
PubMed: 30717751
DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0935-5 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2015
Topics: Abdomen; Female; Flank Pain; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 26175822
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2015.20.332.6609 -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Jul 2018The goal of this study was to evaluate if dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) delivered into intrabony defects in a collagen scaffold would enhance the clinical and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
AIM
The goal of this study was to evaluate if dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) delivered into intrabony defects in a collagen scaffold would enhance the clinical and radiographic parameters of periodontal regeneration.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this randomized controlled trial, 29 chronic periodontitis patients presenting one deep intrabony defect and requiring extraction of one vital tooth were consecutively enrolled. Defects were randomly assigned to test or control treatments which both consisted of the use of minimally invasive surgical technique. The dental pulp of the extracted tooth was mechanically dissociated to obtain micrografts rich in autologous DPSCs. Test sites (n = 15) were filled with micrografts seeded onto collagen sponge, whereas control sites (n = 14) with collagen sponge alone. Clinical and radiographic parameters were recorded at baseline, 6 and 12 months postoperatively.
RESULTS
Test sites exhibited significantly more probing depth (PD) reduction (4.9 mm versus 3.4 mm), clinical attachment level (CAL) gain (4.5 versus 2.9 mm) and bone defect fill (3.9 versus 1.6 mm) than controls. Moreover, residual PD < 5 mm (93% versus 50%) and CAL gain ≥4 mm (73% versus 29%) were significantly more frequent in the test group.
CONCLUSIONS
Application of DPSCs significantly improved clinical parameters of periodontal regeneration 1 year after treatment.
Topics: Alveolar Bone Loss; Dental Pulp; Follow-Up Studies; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal; Humans; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Pocket; Regeneration; Stem Cells; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29779220
DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12931 -
Biomolecules Apr 2022Hemostasis plays an essential role in all surgical procedures. Uncontrolled hemorrhage is the primary cause of death during surgeries, and effective blood loss control... (Review)
Review
Hemostasis plays an essential role in all surgical procedures. Uncontrolled hemorrhage is the primary cause of death during surgeries, and effective blood loss control can significantly reduce mortality. For modern surgeons to select the right agent at the right time, they must understand the mechanisms of action, the effectiveness, and the possible adverse effects of each agent. Over the past decade, various hemostatic agents have grown intensely. These agents vary from absorbable topical hemostats, including collagen, gelatins, microfibrillar, and regenerated oxidized cellulose, to biologically active topical hemostats such as thrombin, biological adhesives, and other combined agents. Commercially available products have since expanded to include topical hemostats, surgical sealants, and adhesives. Silk is a natural protein consisting of fibroin and sericin. Silk fibroin (SF), derived from silkworm , is a fibrous protein that has been used mostly in fashion textiles and surgical sutures. Additionally, SF has been widely applied as a potential biomaterial in several biomedical and biotechnological fields. Furthermore, SF has been employed as a hemostatic agent in several studies. In this review, we summarize the several morphologic forms of SF and the latest technological advances on the use of SF-based hemostatic agents.
Topics: Adhesives; Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Bombyx; Fibroins; Hemostasis; Hemostatics; Silk
PubMed: 35625588
DOI: 10.3390/biom12050660 -
Regenerative Biomaterials 2022Hemorrhage is the leading cause of trauma-related deaths, in hospital and prehospital settings. Hemostasis is a complex mechanism that involves a cascade of clotting... (Review)
Review
Hemorrhage is the leading cause of trauma-related deaths, in hospital and prehospital settings. Hemostasis is a complex mechanism that involves a cascade of clotting factors and proteins that result in the formation of a strong clot. In certain surgical and emergency situations, hemostatic agents are needed to achieve faster blood coagulation to prevent the patient from experiencing a severe hemorrhagic shock. Therefore, it is critical to consider appropriate materials and designs for hemostatic agents. Many materials have been fabricated as hemostatic agents, including synthetic and naturally derived polymers. Compared to synthetic polymers, natural polymers or biopolymers, which include polysaccharides and polypeptides, have greater biocompatibility, biodegradability and processibility. Thus, in this review, we focus on biopolymer-based hemostatic agents of different forms, such as powder, particles, sponges and hydrogels. Finally, we discuss biopolymer-based hemostatic materials currently in clinical trials and offer insight into next-generation hemostats for clinical translation.
PubMed: 36196294
DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac063 -
Open Access Macedonian Journal of... Mar 2017The problem of retained surgical bodies (RSB) after surgery is an issue for surgeons, hospitals and the entire medical team. They have potentially harmful consequences... (Review)
Review
The problem of retained surgical bodies (RSB) after surgery is an issue for surgeons, hospitals and the entire medical team. They have potentially harmful consequences for the patient as they can be life threatening and usually, a further operation is necessary. The incidence of RSB is between 0.3 to 1.0 per 1,000 abdominal operations, and they occur due to a lack of organisation and communication between surgical staff during the process. Typically, the RSB are surgical sponges and instruments located in the abdomen, retroperitoneum and pelvis.
PubMed: 28293325
DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2017.005 -
Annals of Gastroenterology 2020With the improvement in flexible endoscopic technology and the availability of new endoscopic devices, current endoscopic therapies spare many patients who would... (Review)
Review
With the improvement in flexible endoscopic technology and the availability of new endoscopic devices, current endoscopic therapies spare many patients who would otherwise undergo surgical repair of gastrointestinal fistulas. These endoscopic techniques include gastrointestinal stents, endoscopic suturing, cardiac septal occluders, endo-sponge, vacuum therapy and others. This review elaborates on the indications, evidence, procedural details, efficacy, and complications of various endoscopic techniques for the management of gastrointestinal fistulas.
PubMed: 33162732
DOI: 10.20524/aog.2020.0543 -
Marine Drugs Jun 2022The continuous advances in surgical procedures require continuous research regarding materials with surgical applications. Biopolymers are widely studied since they... (Review)
Review
The continuous advances in surgical procedures require continuous research regarding materials with surgical applications. Biopolymers are widely studied since they usually provide a biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic material. Among them, chitosan is a promising material for the development of formulations and devices with surgical applications due to its intrinsic bacteriostatic, fungistatic, hemostatic, and analgesic properties. A wide range of products has been manufactured with this polymer, including scaffolds, sponges, hydrogels, meshes, membranes, sutures, fibers, and nanoparticles. The growing interest of researchers in the use of chitosan-based materials for tissue regeneration is obvious due to extensive research in the application of chitosan for the regeneration of bone, nervous tissue, cartilage, and soft tissues. Chitosan can serve as a substance for the administration of cell-growth promoters, as well as a support for cellular growth. Another interesting application of chitosan is hemostasis control, with remarkable results in studies comparing the use of chitosan-based dressings with traditional cotton gauzes. In addition, chitosan-based or chitosan-coated surgical materials provide the formulation with antimicrobial activity that has been highly appreciated not only in dressings but also for surgical sutures or meshes.
Topics: Bandages; Biocompatible Materials; Cartilage; Chitosan; Hemostatics; Hydrogels; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 35736199
DOI: 10.3390/md20060396 -
Revista de Neurologia Nov 2019The term «gossypiboma» comes from the Latin gossypium, which refers to a genus of cotton plants, and from the Swahili word boma, which translates as «place of... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The term «gossypiboma» comes from the Latin gossypium, which refers to a genus of cotton plants, and from the Swahili word boma, which translates as «place of concealment». It may be mistaken for tumorous lesions or abscesses due to the way it is encapsulated, as evidenced in imaging examinations, and its variable and non-specific clinical features, which give rise to difficulty in its diagnosis and significant morbidity.
AIM
To synthesise the available evidence on the presence of gossypibomas during neurosurgical procedures.
DEVELOPMENT
A review was performed that included a search for articles in English and Spanish published in the last 15 years in PubMed, Ebsco Host, Embase, Mediclatina, Cochrane, Lilacs and Scopus, between January and June 2019, using the keywords «gossypiboma», «textiloma», «neurosurgery» and «neurosurgical procedures». In all, a total of 630 articles were found in the search, although, after selecting them by title and abstract, 22 case report articles were included for this review process. Altogether 36 individuals were identified, of whom 21 (58.3%) were women, and whose mean age was 56.1 years. Surgical sponges were observed as gossypibomas in 20 cases (55.6%).
CONCLUSIONS
Gossypiboma is a complication secondary to surgical procedures that presents fairly unspecific signs and symptoms. The time that elapses before it appears usually ranges from a few days to several years after surgery and is correlated with multiple medical and legal implications.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neurosurgical Procedures; Young Adult
PubMed: 31657450
DOI: 10.33588/rn.6909.2019282