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Annals of the New York Academy of... Apr 2015Individuals working next to strong static magnetic fields occasionally report disorientation and vertigo. With the increasing strength of magnetic fields used for... (Review)
Review
Individuals working next to strong static magnetic fields occasionally report disorientation and vertigo. With the increasing strength of magnetic fields used for magnetic resonance imaging studies, these reports have become more common. It was recently learned that humans, mice, and zebrafish all demonstrate behaviors consistent with constant peripheral vestibular stimulation while inside a strong, static magnetic field. The proposed mechanism for this effect involves a Lorentz force resulting from the interaction of a strong static magnetic field with naturally occurring ionic currents flowing through the inner ear endolymph into vestibular hair cells. The resulting force within the endolymph is strong enough to displace the lateral semicircular canal cupula, inducing vertigo and the horizontal nystagmus seen in normal mice and in humans. This review explores the evidence for interactions of magnetic fields with the vestibular system.
Topics: Animals; Electromagnetic Fields; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Vertigo; Vestibule, Labyrinth
PubMed: 25735662
DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12702 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Aug 2023Otosclerosis is a pathological condition affecting the temporal bone, and is characterized by remodelling of the labyrinthine bone tissue through a dynamic process of... (Review)
Review
Otosclerosis is a pathological condition affecting the temporal bone, and is characterized by remodelling of the labyrinthine bone tissue through a dynamic process of osteolysis and osteogenesis. This condition progressively leads to hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. Stapedotomy, a surgical procedure involving the removal of the stapes superstructure and its replacement with a prosthesis, is the treatment of choice to improve hearing in individuals with otosclerosis. However, vestibular dysfunction is a significant complication associated with this procedure, which can occur intraoperatively or postoperatively, ranging from the immediate postoperative period to weeks, months, or even years after surgery. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the most important causes of vertigo associated with otosclerosis and stapes surgery with the goal of minimizing the incidence of this complication. Understanding the underlying factors contributing to vertigo in this context is crucial for the prevention and effective management of vertigo in patients undergoing stapedotomy.
Topics: Humans; Otosclerosis; Vertigo; Stapes Surgery; Deafness; Osteogenesis
PubMed: 37629775
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081485 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Mar 2021Many medical, neurologic and psychiatric conditions as well as drugs can give chronic dizziness, and a systematic diagnostic workup is essential. Chronic vestibular... (Review)
Review
Many medical, neurologic and psychiatric conditions as well as drugs can give chronic dizziness, and a systematic diagnostic workup is essential. Chronic vestibular syndrome is a clinical syndrome of chronic vertigo, dizziness or unsteadiness lasting months to years. There is generally a persistent unilateral or bilateral vestibular loss. Treatment depends on the aetiology, but in general, treatment with vestibular rehabilitation is effective, which is summarised in this review. Betahistin or other anti-vertigo-drugs are not indicated in the treatment of chronic vertigo.
Topics: Dizziness; Humans; Vertigo; Vestibular Diseases
PubMed: 33829994
DOI: No ID Found -
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai... Feb 2021With the aging of population structure, the age-related balance dysfunction increases gradually, and the injuries related fall are increasing, which cause a serious... (Review)
Review
With the aging of population structure, the age-related balance dysfunction increases gradually, and the injuries related fall are increasing, which cause a serious social and economic burden. In addition, dizziness or vertigo is very common clinically, and these patients also have a higher risk of falling. In order to reduce the incidence of falls, targeted prevention measures are urgently needed. In this paper, the risk assessment, preventive measures and rehabilitation strategies of falls are systematically expounded, it is hoped that it will be helpful for the prevention and treatment of falls.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Aging; Dizziness; Humans; Postural Balance; Vertigo
PubMed: 33540989
DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2021.02.004 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Jan 2021
Topics: COVID-19; Dizziness; Humans; SARS-CoV-2; Vertigo
PubMed: 32931322
DOI: 10.1177/0145561320959573 -
Journal of the Association For Research... Dec 2023
Topics: Humans; Dizziness; Vertigo
PubMed: 38117401
DOI: 10.1007/s10162-023-00921-2 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Feb 2023Ménière's disease is a condition that causes recurrent episodes of vertigo, associated with hearing loss and tinnitus. Lifestyle or dietary modifications (including... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Ménière's disease is a condition that causes recurrent episodes of vertigo, associated with hearing loss and tinnitus. Lifestyle or dietary modifications (including reducing the amount of salt or caffeine in the diet) are sometimes suggested to be of benefit for this condition. The underlying cause of Ménière's disease is unknown, as is the way in which these interventions may work. The efficacy of these different interventions at preventing vertigo attacks, and their associated symptoms, is currently unclear.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the benefits and harms of lifestyle and dietary interventions versus placebo or no treatment in people with Ménière's disease.
SEARCH METHODS
The Cochrane ENT Information Specialist searched the Cochrane ENT Register; Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); Ovid MEDLINE; Ovid Embase; Web of Science; ClinicalTrials.gov; ICTRP and additional sources for published and unpublished trials. The date of the search was 14 September 2022.
SELECTION CRITERIA
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs in adults with Ménière's disease comparing any lifestyle or dietary intervention with either placebo or no treatment. We excluded studies with follow-up of less than three months, or with a cross-over design (unless data from the first phase of the study could be identified). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcomes were: 1) improvement in vertigo (assessed as a dichotomous outcome - improved or not improved), 2) change in vertigo (assessed as a continuous outcome, with a score on a numerical scale) and 3) serious adverse events. Our secondary outcomes were: 4) disease-specific health-related quality of life, 5) change in hearing, 6) change in tinnitus and 7) other adverse effects. We considered outcomes reported at three time points: 3 to < 6 months, 6 to ≤ 12 months and > 12 months. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence for each outcome. MAIN RESULTS: We included two RCTs, one related to diet, and the other related to fluid intake and sleep. In a Swedish study, 51 participants were randomised to receive 'specially processed cereals' or standard cereals. The specially processed cereals are thought to stimulate the production of anti-secretory factor - a protein that reduces inflammation and fluid secretion. Participants received the cereals for three months. The only outcome reported by this study was disease-specific health-related quality of life. The second study was conducted in Japan. The participants (223) were randomised to receive abundant water intake (35 mL/kg/day), or to sleep in darkness (in an unlit room for six to seven hours per night), or to receive no intervention. The duration of follow-up was two years. The outcomes assessed were 'improvement in vertigo' and hearing. As these studies considered different interventions we were unable to carry out any meta-analysis, and for almost all outcomes the certainty of the evidence was very low. We are unable to draw meaningful conclusions from the numerical results.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
The evidence for lifestyle or dietary interventions for Ménière's disease is very uncertain. We did not identify any placebo-controlled RCTs for interventions that are frequently recommended for those with Ménière's disease, such as salt restriction or caffeine restriction. We identified only two RCTs that compared a lifestyle or dietary intervention to placebo or no treatment, and the evidence that is currently available from these studies is of low or very low certainty. This means that we have very low confidence that the effects reported are accurate estimates of the true effect of these interventions. Consensus on the appropriate outcomes to measure in studies of Ménière's disease is needed (i.e. a core outcome set) in order to guide future studies in this area and enable meta-analyses of the results. This must include appropriate consideration of the potential harms of treatment, as well as the benefits.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Caffeine; Life Style; Meniere Disease; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sodium Chloride; Tinnitus; Vertigo
PubMed: 36848645
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD015244.pub2 -
The Journal of International Advanced... Mar 2022Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a rare vestibular disorder in the pediatric population. It is a vestibulopathy characterized by brief attacks of vertigo, which... (Review)
Review
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a rare vestibular disorder in the pediatric population. It is a vestibulopathy characterized by brief attacks of vertigo, which occur after specific movements. This review aims to provide the current evidence regarding benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in children. This is a narrative review of the available literature on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in children. The studies were retrieved from systematic searches on PubMed and by cross referencing. Few studies have focused on pediatric benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, and most are retrospective non-controlled studies that include a small number of children. The vast majority of cases of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in children have been reported to be secondary. The most frequent forms involve the posterior canal and the horizontal canal. The diagnosis is based on positional maneuvers, respectively the Dix-Hallpike maneuver, which reveals a torsional upbeating nystagmus; and the supine roll test, which reveals a geotropic, horizontal nystagmus. The treatment consists of physical repositioning maneuvers: the Semont or the modified Epley maneuver for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo involving the posterior canal and the Gufoni or the Barbecue maneuver in case of the horizontal canal. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in children can be resistant to treatment and repetitive positional maneuvers may be necessary, particularly for children with vestibular migraine or benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood, who have a statistically significant major risk of having recurrences compared to patients who do not. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in children is a rare but well-recognized clinical entity. It is diagnosed by positional testing and treated by repositioning maneuvers. Wide awareness and education among pediatric providers and otolaryngologists are needed in order to avoid a delay in identification and treatment.
Topics: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo; Child; Humans; Nystagmus, Pathologic; Patient Positioning; Retrospective Studies; Semicircular Canals
PubMed: 35418367
DOI: 10.5152/iao.2022.20087 -
Journal of Neurology Apr 2016Vertigo is one of the most common complaints in medicine. Despite its high prevalence, patients with vertigo often receive either inappropriate or inadequate treatment.... (Review)
Review
Vertigo is one of the most common complaints in medicine. Despite its high prevalence, patients with vertigo often receive either inappropriate or inadequate treatment. The most important reasons for this deplorable situation are insufficient interdisciplinary cooperation, nonexistent standards in diagnostics and therapy, the relatively rare translations of basic science findings to clinical applications, and the scarcity of prospective controlled multicenter clinical trials. To overcome these problems, the German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ) started an initiative to establish a European Network for Vertigo and Balance Research called DIZZYNET. The central aim is to create a platform for collaboration and exchange among scientists, physicians, technicians, and physiotherapists in the fields of basic and translational research, clinical management, clinical trials, rehabilitation, and epidemiology. The network will also promote public awareness and help establish educational standards in the field. The DIZZYNET has the following objectives as regards structure and content: to focus on multidisciplinary translational research in vertigo and balance disorders, to develop interdisciplinary longitudinal and transversal networks for patient care by standardizing and personalizing the management of patients, to increase methodological competence by implementing common standards of practice and quality management, to internationalize the infrastructure for prospective multicenter clinical trials, to increase recruitment capacity for clinical trials, to create a common data base for patients with vertigo and balance disorders, to offer and promote attractive educational and career paths in a network of cooperating institutions. In the long term, the DIZZYNET should serve as an internationally visible network for interdisciplinary and multiprofessional research on vertigo and balance disorders. It ideally should equally attract the afflicted patients and those managing their disorders. DIZZYNET will not compete with the traditional national or international societies active in the field, but will function as an additional structure that addresses some of the above problems.
Topics: Community Networks; Dizziness; Europe; Humans; Translational Research, Biomedical; Vertigo
PubMed: 27083879
DOI: 10.1007/s00415-015-7912-3 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Dec 2015Dizziness caused by migraine, vestibular migraine (VM), has been highly debated over the last three decades. The co-morbidity of migraine and dizziness is higher than a... (Review)
Review
Dizziness caused by migraine, vestibular migraine (VM), has been highly debated over the last three decades. The co-morbidity of migraine and dizziness is higher than a random concurrence. One third of the patients with migraine and dizziness have VM. Recently, The International Headache Society approved VM as a diagnostic entity and the diagnostic criteria for VM appear in the appendix for The International Classification of Headache Disorders. VM is common but often underdiagnosed. Treatment follows migraine management guidelines although evidence is sparse.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Vertigo
PubMed: 26692036
DOI: No ID Found