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Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Feb 2024spp. are among the few enteric parasites with a prevalence that can reach up to approximately 80% in communities of developing countries. This systematic review updates... (Review)
Review
spp. are among the few enteric parasites with a prevalence that can reach up to approximately 80% in communities of developing countries. This systematic review updates and summarizes available literature on the molecular prevalence and subtype distribution of spp. in Latin American people. This work follows the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The literature revised covers from 1 January 2015 to 6 October 2023 in seven different scientific databases, and the material was selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to data found in the 36 selected articles, the prevalence of spp. in Latin America ranged between 5.8% (Bolivian rural communities) and 94.0% (Colombian general public). Generally, genomic DNA was extracted from approximately 200 mg fecal sediments using commercial kits, such as the QIAamp Stool Mini Kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany) or the Norgen Stool DNA Isolation Kit (Norgen Biotek Corporation, Thorold, ON, Canada). Subtype-specific primers (such as the couple of primers BhRDr-RD5) developed from unique sequences of the SSU rRNA gene were applied to subtyping. Ten specific subtypes (STs) were found as well as various mixed infections, and the most circulating STs were in the order ST3, ST1, ST2, and ST4. The most recent data about spp. molecular epidemiology and the STs in communities of Latin America are limited to studies from specific countries. Novel scientific data from the other countries are required to obtain a complete picture and truly understand the distribution and prevalence of spp. and the STs.
PubMed: 38393127
DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed9020038 -
Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science... Jan 2024Food authentication using molecular techniques is of great importance to fight food fraud. Metabarcoding, based on the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies,...
Food authentication using molecular techniques is of great importance to fight food fraud. Metabarcoding, based on the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, allowing large-scale taxonomic identification of complex samples via massive parallel sequencing of fragments (called DNA barcodes) simultaneously, has become increasingly popular in many scientific fields. A systematic review to answer the question "Is the metabarcoding ripe enough to be applied to the authentication of foodstuff of animal origin?" is presented. The inclusion criteria were focused on the selection of scientific papers (SPs) only applying metabarcoding to foodstuff of animal origin collected on the market. The 23 included SPs were first analyzed with respect to the metabarcoding phases: library preparation (target genes, primer pairs, and fragment length), sequencing (NGS platforms), and final data analysis (bioinformatic pipelines). Given the importance of primer selection, the taxonomic coverage of the used primers was also evaluated. In addition, the SPs were scored based on the use of quality control measures (procedural blanks, positive controls, replicates, curated databases, and thresholds to filter the data). A lack of standardized protocols, especially with respect to the target barcode/s and the universal primer/s, and the infrequent application of the quality control measures, leads to answer that metabarcoding is not ripe enough for authenticating foodstuff of animal origin. However, the observed trend of the SP quality improvement over the years is encouraging. Concluding, a proper protocol standardization would allow a wider use of metabarcoding by both official and private laboratories, enabling this method to become the primary for the authentication of foodstuffs of animal origin.
Topics: Animals; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic; Food; Quality Control
PubMed: 38284609
DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13256