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Virology Journal Sep 2023The effect of HBV on neonatal and maternal outcomes can create a basis for more accurate clinical decision-making. So, the aim of this meta-analysis is to detrmine the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The effect of HBV on neonatal and maternal outcomes can create a basis for more accurate clinical decision-making. So, the aim of this meta-analysis is to detrmine the effect of chronic hepatitis B virus on the risk of pregnancy outcomes by combining cohort studies.
METHODS
International databases in this meta-analysis included the Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), SPORT Discuss via the EBSCO interface, PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, which were searched up to April 2023. All cohort studies reporting the risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were included in the study. The quality assessment was done based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).
RESULTS
Finally, thirty-five cohort studies were selected for meta-analysis. Outcomes of interest included pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, abortion, preterm birth, infant death, and other related outcomes. Results showed that the pooled RR for incident gestational diabetes in pregnant women with choronic hepatitis B infection was 1.16 (RR: 1.16; 95% CI 1.13-1.18; I-square: 92.89%; P value: 0.00). Similarly, the association between the presence of hepatitis B infection in pregnant women and the occurrence of pre-eclampsia was 1.10 (RR: 1.10; 95% CI 1.04-1.16; I-square: 92.06%; P value: 0.00). The risk of preterm delivery in pregnant women with hepatitis B infection was 1.17 times that of pregnant women without hepatitis B infection (RR: 1.17; 95% CI 1.14-1.20; I-squared: 94.32%; P value: 0.00).
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis found that hepatitis B infection during pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes, preterm delivery, pre-eclampsia, and eclampsia. However, confirmation of this association, as well as the specific biological pathways involved in the association between HBV infection and pregnancy outcomes, requires further investigation.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Infant; Humans; Female; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Diabetes, Gestational; Pre-Eclampsia; Premature Birth; Hepatitis B; Cohort Studies
PubMed: 37710321
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02182-0 -
PloS One 2024The comprehensive effectiveness of the HPV vaccine has been widely acknowledged. However, challenges such as dosing adherence and limited budgets have led to delays in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The comprehensive effectiveness of the HPV vaccine has been widely acknowledged. However, challenges such as dosing adherence and limited budgets have led to delays in HPV vaccination implementation in many countries. A potential solution to these issues could lie in a one-dose vaccination with an HPV vaccine, as indicated by promising outcomes in multiple studies.
METHODS
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we examine the comparative effectiveness of the one-dose vaccination with an HPV vaccine against two- and three-dose regimens. Our investigation focuses on clinical efficacy, encompassing the prevention of HPV16, HPV18, and hrHPV infections, HSIL or ASC-H incidence, and CIN2/3 incidence.
RESULTS
Our analysis suggests that a single-dose HPV vaccine may offer effectiveness on par with two- or three-dose schedules. This conclusion is drawn from its capacity to confer immunogenic protection for at least 8 years of follow-up, coupled with its ability to mitigate infections and pre-cancerous occurrences.
CONCLUSION
While our findings underscore the potential of the one-dose vaccination with an HPV vaccine, further research and prolonged study durations are necessary to establish robust evidence supporting this recommendation. As such, continued investigation will be critical for informing vaccination strategies.
Topics: Female; Humans; Budgets; Human papillomavirus 16; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Treatment Outcome; Vaccination
PubMed: 38180991
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290808 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Aug 2023Previous studies have suggested a protective effect of male circumcision on human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in males, and that this protection may be conferred to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have suggested a protective effect of male circumcision on human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in males, and that this protection may be conferred to their female sexual partners.
OBJECTIVES
To synthesize the available evidence on the association between male circumcision and HPV infections in males and females.
DATA SOURCES
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, LILACS, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global for records published up to 22 June 2022.
STUDY ELIGIBILITY
We considered observational and experimental studies that assessed male circumcision status and HPV prevalence, incidence, or clearance in males or females for inclusion.
PARTICIPANTS
Males and their female sexual partners who were tested for genital HPV infection.
INTERVENTIONS
Male circumcision compared with no circumcision.
THE RISK-OF-BIAS ASSESSMENT
The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for observational studies, and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used for randomized trials.
DATA SYNTHESIS
We estimated summary measures of effect and 95% CIs for the prevalence, incidence, and clearance of HPV infections in males and females using random-effects meta-analysis. We assessed the effect modification of circumcision on HPV prevalence by the penile site in males using random-effects meta-regression.
RESULTS
Across 32 studies, male circumcision was associated with decreased odds of prevalent HPV infections (odds ratio, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.34-0.61), a reduced incidence rate of HPV infections (incidence rate ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.57-0.83), and an increased risk of clearing HPV infections (risk ratio, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.28-1.61) at the glans penis among male subjects. Circumcision conferred greater protection against infection at the glans than the shaft (odds ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.48-0.98). Females with circumcised partners were protected from all outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
Male circumcision may protect against various HPV infection outcomes, suggesting its prophylactic potential. Understanding the site-specific effects of circumcision on HPV infection prevalence has important implications for studies of HPV transmission.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Circumcision, Male; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Sexually Transmitted Diseases
PubMed: 37011808
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.03.028 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Aug 2023
Meta-Analysis
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Herpes Zoster; Herpes Zoster Vaccine; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Vaccination
PubMed: 37001732
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.03.031 -
Journal of Medical Virology Sep 2023Accurate early detection of the human papillomavirus (HPV) status in head and neck cancer (HNC) is crucial to identify at-risk populations, stratify patients,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Accurate early detection of the human papillomavirus (HPV) status in head and neck cancer (HNC) is crucial to identify at-risk populations, stratify patients, personalized treatment options, and predict prognosis. Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging tool to dissect imaging features. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the performance of AI to predict the HPV positivity through the HPV-associated diseased images in HNC patients. A systematic literature search was conducted in databases including Ovid-MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection for studies continuously published from inception up to October 30, 2022. Search strategies included keywords such as "artificial intelligence," "head and neck cancer," "HPV," and "sensitivity & specificity." Duplicates, articles without HPV predictions, letters, scientific reports, conference abstracts, or reviews were excluded. Binary diagnostic data were then extracted to generate contingency tables and then used to calculate the pooled sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), area under the curve (AUC), and their 95% confidence interval (CI). A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis, four subgroup analyses were further explored. Totally, 22 original studies were included in the systematic review, 15 of which were eligible to generate 33 contingency tables for meta-analysis. The pooled SE and SP for all studies were 79% (95% CI: 75-82%) and 74% (95% CI: 69-78%) respectively, with an AUC of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79-0.86). When only selecting one contingency table with the highest accuracy from each study, our analysis revealed a pooled SE of 79% (95% CI: 75-83%), SP of 75% (95% CI: 69-79%), and an AUC of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.81-0.87). The respective heterogeneities were moderate (I for SE and SP were 51.70% and 51.01%) and only low (35.99% and 21.44%). This evidence-based study showed an acceptable and promising performance for AI algorithms to predict HPV status in HNC but was not comparable to the routine p16 immunohistochemistry. The exploitation and optimization of AI algorithms warrant further research. Compared with previous studies, future studies anticipate to make progress in the selection of databases, improvement of international reporting guidelines, and application of high-quality deep learning algorithms.
Topics: Humans; Artificial Intelligence; Papillomavirus Infections; Algorithms; Area Under Curve; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Human Papillomavirus Viruses
PubMed: 37691329
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29080 -
Reviews on Environmental Health Jun 2024Monkeypox (MPX) is one of the common infections between humans and animals that caused by a virus belonging to the Orthopoxvirus genus. The Monkeypox virus (MPXV)... (Review)
Review
Monkeypox (MPX) is one of the common infections between humans and animals that caused by a virus belonging to the Orthopoxvirus genus. The Monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak is a global crisis triggered by environmental factors (virus, wastewater, surface, air) and amplified by the decisions of government officials and communities. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the environmental perspectives of MPXV with emphasis on risk assessment to prevent and control a new pandemic. Five online databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar were searched from 1990 to October 2022. Among 120 records, after the screening, four studies were included in the systematic review. The systematic review revealed that the possibility of MPXV transmission through wastewater, air, and the contaminated surfaces is a significant concern and its detection and destroying will play a major role in controlling the spread of the virus. Poxviruses have a high environmental stability, but are sensitive to all common chemical disinfectants. In conclusion, this study revealed that the environmental surveillance can be used as a complementary tool for detecting pathogens circulation in communities. This implies that the monitoring of environmental perspectives of MPXV can provide new awareness into virus transmission routes as well as the role of stakeholders and public health policies in MPXV risk management.
Topics: Monkeypox virus; Humans; Mpox (monkeypox); Animals; Environmental Monitoring; Wastewater; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 36593124
DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0221 -
Biochemical Pharmacology Jan 2024Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the HBV virus. It presents a significant challenge for treatment due to its chronic nature and the potential for... (Review)
Review
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the HBV virus. It presents a significant challenge for treatment due to its chronic nature and the potential for developing severe complications, including hepatocirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. These complications not only cause physical and psychological distress to patients but also impose substantial economic and social burdens on both individuals and society as a whole. The internalization of HBV relies on endocytosis and necessitates the involvement of various proteins, including heparin sulfate proteoglycans, epidermal growth factor receptors, and NTCP. Among these proteins, NTCP is pivotal in HBV internalization and is primarily located in the liver's basement membrane. As a transporter of bile acids, NTCP also serves as a receptor facilitating HBV entry into cells. Numerous molecules have been identified to thwart HBV infection by stifling NTCP activity, although only a handful exhibit low IC values. In this systematic review, our primary focus dwells on the structure and regulation of NTCP, as well as the mechanism involved in HBV internalization. We underscore recent drug breakthroughs that specifically target NTCP to combat HBV infection. By shedding light on these advances, this review contributes novel insights into developing effective anti-HBV medications.
Topics: Humans; Hepatitis B virus; Virus Internalization; Hepatitis B; Symporters; Liver Neoplasms; Hepatocytes; Hep G2 Cells
PubMed: 38049009
DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115956 -
BMC Gastroenterology Aug 2023The incidence of HBV-negative and HCV-negative hepatocellular carcinoma (NBNC-HCC) is significantly increasing. However, their clinicopathologic features and prognosis... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Comparison of clinicopathologic characteristics among patients with HBV-positive, HCV-positive and Non-B Non-C hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
The incidence of HBV-negative and HCV-negative hepatocellular carcinoma (NBNC-HCC) is significantly increasing. However, their clinicopathologic features and prognosis remain elucidated. Our study aimed to compare the clinicopathologic characteristics and survival outcomes of NBNC-HCC with hepatitis virus-related HCC.
METHOD
A literature review was performed in several databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, to identify the studies comparing NBNC-HCC with HBV-positive HCV-negative HCC (B-HCC), HBV-negative HCV-positive (C-HCC) and/or HBV-positive HCV-positive HCC (BC-HCC). The clinicopathologic characteristics and survival outcomes were extracted and pooled to access the difference.
RESULTS
Thirty-two studies with 26,297 patients were included: 5390 patients in NBNC-HCC group, 9873 patients in B-HCC group, 10,848 patients in C-HCC group and 186 patients in BC-HCC group. Patients in NBNC-HCC group were more liable to be diagnosed at higher ages, but with better liver functions and lighter liver cirrhosis. Comparing to B-HCC and C-HCC groups, although NBNC-HCC group was prone to have larger tumor sizes, it did not have more advanced tumors. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in both 5-year and 10-year disease-free survival and overall survival between NBNC-HCC group and B-HCC or C-HCC group.
CONCLUSIONS
Our meta-analysis revealed patients with NBNC-HCC had as worse prognosis as those with hepatitis virus-related HCC. More attention should be paid on patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis or metabolic syndromes to prevent the incidence of NBNC-HCC.
Topics: Humans; Hepatectomy; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Hepatitis B virus; Liver Neoplasms; Hepatitis C
PubMed: 37612653
DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02925-x -
BMC Gastroenterology Nov 2023Oral nucleoside (acid) analogues (NAs) are recommended for patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV-ACLF). The efficacy... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Efficacy and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate versus entecavir in the treatment of acute-on-chronic liver failure with hepatitis B: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Oral nucleoside (acid) analogues (NAs) are recommended for patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV-ACLF). The efficacy and safety of tenofovir (TDF) and entecavir (ETV) in these patients remain unclear.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and Embase database was conducted to select studies published before December 2022 on TDF or ETV for HBV-ACLF. The primary outcomes were survival rates at 4, 12, and 48 weeks. Secondary outcomes were virologic and biochemical responses, serum antigen conversion, liver function score, and safety.
RESULTS
Four prospective and one retrospective cohort studies were selected. The overall analysis showed comparable survival rates at 4, 12, and 48 weeks for all patients receiving TDF or ETV (4-week: RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.90-1.51, p = 0.24; 12-week: RR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.88-1.13, p = 0.94; 48-week: RR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.58-1.57, p = 0.86). Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score at 12 weeks were comparable in both groups but lower than baseline (CTP: SMD = -0.75, 95% CI:-2.81-1.30, p = 0.47; MELD: SMD = -1.10, 95% CI:-2.29-0.08, p = 0.07). At 48 weeks, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels were found to decrease to different degrees from baseline in both the TDF and ETV groups, and the decrease was greater in the TDF group than in the ETV group. No significant differences were found in biochemical, virologic response, and serum antigen conversion between the two groups during the observation period.
CONCLUSION
TDF treatment of HBV-ACLF is similar to ETV in improving survival, liver function, and virologic response but the effects on renal function in two groups in the long term remain unclear. More and larger long-term clinical trials are required to confirm these findings.
Topics: Humans; Tenofovir; Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure; Antiviral Agents; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Retrospective Studies; Prospective Studies; End Stage Liver Disease; Treatment Outcome; Severity of Illness Index; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus
PubMed: 37957546
DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-03024-7 -
Psycho-oncology Jan 2024Cervical Cancer (CC) lingers as a severe public health issue due to low vaccination coverage and poor screening addressability. Hence, this systematic review explored... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Cervical Cancer (CC) lingers as a severe public health issue due to low vaccination coverage and poor screening addressability. Hence, this systematic review explored psychological factors influencing the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination uptake in European women.
METHODS
As of September 2022, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched to include English studies assessing diverse factors influencing vaccination uptake in European women. Only studies comparing vaccinated with unvaccinated women were included. Quality assessment, publication attrition assessment, and sensitivity analyses were performed.
RESULTS
Eighteen studies were included, totaling a population of 18,611 participants. Results indicated that knowledge about HPV infection could positively influence vaccination rates with an Odds Ratio (OR) of 1.82 and a confidence interval (CI) between 1.27 and 2.61, showing statistical significance at a Z value of 3.24 with a p-value of 0.001. Neither knowledge about HPV vaccination (OR = 1.39, CI: 0.73-2.65, Z = 1.01, p = 0.31) nor knowledge about CC screening (OR = 1.05, CI: 0.55-1.98, Z = 0,14, p = 0.89) seem to affect vaccination rates. Regardless, intention to undertake CC screening (CCS) showed an OR = 1.68 in favor of the group intending to perform it, with a CI between 1.37 and 2.07, showing statistical significance at a Z = 4.94 and p = 0.00001. Other aspects affecting vaccination uptake were fear of side effects, insufficient information, and belief that chances of being infected are low.
CONCLUSIONS
Results demonstrated that diverse aspects could affect the vaccination intent, while personalized interventions focusing on population and country characteristics need to be assembled to mitigate vaccination coverage.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adolescent; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vaccination; Human Papillomavirus Viruses
PubMed: 37930064
DOI: 10.1002/pon.6242