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International Journal of Qualitative... Dec 2023This systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies provides an overview of barriers and facilitators that breast cancer patients experience in weight... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
This systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies provides an overview of barriers and facilitators that breast cancer patients experience in weight management interventions.
METHODS
We included qualitative studies describing barriers and facilitators for weight management interventions as experienced by adult breast cancer patients after the completion of initial treatment . The data was extracted and using thematic analysis.
RESULTS
After analysis, eleven themes were determined. Six of those themes could be linked to the Attitude, Social Influence and self Efficacy (ASE)-model. Physical and mental benefits, anticipated regret and a lack of motivation were linked to attitude. Integrating a weight management programme in daily life, stigma and fears were linked to self-efficacy. With regard to the social influence determinant, encouragement and discouragement by family members were developed as a theme. Four additional themes were conducted related to weight management behaviour; external barriers, economic barriers, cultural barriers and physical barriers. In addition, integrating weight management in cancer care was described as a separate theme.
CONCLUSIONS
Several disease specific issues, including feeling stigmatized after cancer treatment and treatment-related side effects and peer-support should be given specific attention to maximize adherence of weight management programmes.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Health Behavior; Attitude; Motivation; Social Stigma; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 37840321
DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2259290 -
The Gerontologist Aug 2023Both rapid technological changes and (self-)ageism are pervasive challenges of the 21st century, potentially affecting older adults' everyday functioning, health, and...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Both rapid technological changes and (self-)ageism are pervasive challenges of the 21st century, potentially affecting older adults' everyday functioning, health, and well-being. This systematic literature review aimed to synthesize scholarly evidence to determine the associations between everyday information and communication technology (EICT) usage and (self-)ageism as well as potential moderators.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A systematic search was performed in 8 academic databases, covering the time frame from January 1995 to January 2021. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a total of 15 articles met the inclusion criteria and were involved in the analysis. The standardized National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's quality assessment tools were used for risk bias.
RESULTS
Several studies demonstrated significant associations between EICT usage and stereotype embodiment (n = 8), stereotype threat (n = 2), and age discrimination (n = 3). Age (group), gender, and motivation were examined as potential moderators.
DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS
This review provides initial evidence on the associations between (self-)ageism and EICT usage. It highlights the importance of positive subjective aging perceptions for active EICT usage in older adults, but also emphasizes the detrimental consequences of ageism in EICT learning settings and technology design on older persons' willingness and ability to use EICT. Further ecologically valid and methodologically sound research is needed to better understand both the nature and direction of the association between EICT usage and (self-)ageism.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ageism; Aging; Stereotyping; Communication; Information Technology
PubMed: 35670751
DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnac075 -
Journal of Psychiatric Research Aug 2023ECT has been proposed as a potential treatment for PTSD. There is a small number of clinical studies to date, but no quantitative review of the efficacy has been... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
ECT has been proposed as a potential treatment for PTSD. There is a small number of clinical studies to date, but no quantitative review of the efficacy has been conducted. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of ECT in reducing PTSD symptoms. We followed the PICO and the PRISMA guidelines and searched PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (PROSPERO No: CRD42022356780). A random effects model meta-analysis was conducted with the pooled standard mean difference, applying Hedge's adjustment for small sample sizes. Five within-subject studies met the inclusion criteria, containing 110 patients with PTSD symptoms receiving ECT (mean age 44.13 ± 15.35; 43.4% female). ECT had a small but significant pooled effect on reducing PTSD symptoms (Hedges' g = -0.374), reducing intrusion (Hedges' g = -0.330), avoidance (Hedges' g = -0.215) and hyperarousal (Hedges' g = -0.171) symptoms. Limitations include the small number of studies and subjects and the heterogeneity of study designs. These results provide preliminary quantitative support for the use of ECT in the treatment of PTSD.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adult; Middle Aged; Male; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Patient Dropouts; Waiting Lists
PubMed: 37311402
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.05.080 -
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical... May 2024Poor adherence to asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease maintenance therapies impairs health outcomes. Proven and cost-effective programs to promote adherence...
Cost-Effectiveness and Impact on Health Care Utilization of Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence and Outcomes in Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Literature Review.
BACKGROUND
Poor adherence to asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease maintenance therapies impairs health outcomes. Proven and cost-effective programs to promote adherence and persistence are not yet in regular widespread use. Implementation costs are a potential barrier to uptake of such programs.
OBJECTIVE
We undertook a systematic literature review and narrative synthesis of studies investigating the cost-effectiveness of treatment adherence-promoting programs or that determined their impact on health care budget directly or via health care resource use (HCRU).
METHODS
We identified relevant publications using Medline and PreMEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Embase.com, Elsevier), and EconLit for publications between January 2000 and July 2021. We also searched clinical trial databases and selected conference proceedings.
RESULTS
Of 1,910 potentially relevant articles, 26 met prespecified inclusion criteria and underwent data extraction. Eleven reported a direct assessment of adherence, 15 included economic evaluations, and 17 described HCRU. None included an analysis of biologic medication use. When they were studied, interventions were often found to be highly cost-effective, with dominant incremental cost-effectiveness ratios in some cases. Reductions in direct costs and HCRU (health care visits, hospital admissions, and/or the use of medications, including add-on/reliever treatment and antibiotics) were frequently reported. Reported use of maintenance treatments improved in some studies. Counseling and/or digitally informed programs were used in all cases in which favorable outcomes were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
Adherence-promoting interventions are mostly cost-effective and often result in reduced HCRU and associated costs. Multidisciplinary care involving one-to-one advice and digitally enhanced communications appear to offer the greatest benefit.
Topics: Humans; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Asthma; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Medication Adherence; Patient Acceptance of Health Care
PubMed: 38182099
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.12.049 -
PloS One 2023Physical activity and exercise during pregnancy have paramount importance for both the mother and fetus. Regardless of the benefits of exercise during pregnancy,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Physical activity and exercise during pregnancy have paramount importance for both the mother and fetus. Regardless of the benefits of exercise during pregnancy, significant proportion of women usually opt sedentary lifestyle during pregnancy. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to synthesis evidences on knowledge, attitude, and practice towards antenatal physical exercise among pregnant women in Ethiopia.
METHODS
The systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on knowledge, attitude, practice, and associated factors towards antenatal physical exercise among pregnant women in Ethiopia. The systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was registered on PROSPERO website with registration number CRD42023444723. Articles were searched on international databases using medical subject heading and keywords. After ensuring eligibility, data were extracted using Microsoft excel and imported to STATA 17 for analysis. Cochran Q test and I2 statistics were used to check presence of heterogeneity. Weighted Inverse variance random effect model was used to estimate the pooled level of knowledge, attitude, and practice on antenatal physical exercise among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Funnel plot and egger's test were used to check presence of publication bias.
RESULTS
A total of 11 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of adequate knowledge, favorable attitude and good practice towards antenatal physical exercise were 46.04% with 95% CI (44.45%-47.63%), 43.71%, 95% CI (41.95%-45.46%) and 34.06, 95% CI (20.04%-48.08%) respectively. Good knowledge AOR 2.38 95% CI(1.80-3.14), unfavorable attitude AOR 0.43 95% CI (0.32-0.58), having no pre-pregnancy habit of physical exercise AOR 0.44 95 CI (0.24-0.79) and having diploma or above education status AOR 3.39 95% CI (1.92-5.98) were significantly associated with practice of antenatal physical exercise.
CONCLUSION
The level of knowledge, attitude and practice towards antenatal physical exercise among pregnant women was far below the recommended level in Ethiopia. Knowledge, attitude, education status and pre-pregnancy habit of physical exercise were significantly associated factors with antenatal physical exercise practice. It is highly essential to disseminate health information on the benefits of antenatal physical exercise for all pregnant women during antenatal care contacts.
Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Ethiopia; Exercise; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Pregnant Women
PubMed: 38096224
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295275 -
International Wound Journal Sep 2023This systematic review aimed to examine the life satisfaction and related factors among burns patients. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted at the... (Review)
Review
This systematic review aimed to examine the life satisfaction and related factors among burns patients. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted at the international electronic databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as 'Burns', 'Life satisfaction', 'Personal satisfaction', and 'Patient satisfaction' from the earliest to the 1 October 2022. The quality of the studies included in this review was evaluated using the appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies (AXIS tool). A total of 3352 burn patients in the nine cross-sectional studies were included in this systematic review. 70.52% of burn patients were male. The mean age of burn patients was 37.47 (SD = 14.73). The mean score of life satisfaction in burn patients based on SWLS was 23.02 (SD = 7.86) out of 35, based on LSI-A was 12.67 (SD = 4.99) out of 20, and based on the life satisfaction questionnaire was 4.81 (SD = 1.67) out of 7. Factors including time since burn, religion, and constant had a positive and significant relationship with life satisfaction in burn patients. Whereas, factors such as single marital status, age at injury, length of hospital stay, presence of pain, larger total body surface area burn, head and neck burn, functional impairment, family satisfaction, satisfaction with appearance, and previous psychiatric treatment had a negative and significant relationship with life satisfaction in burn patients. In sum, this systematic review showed that burn patients were slightly satisfied with their life. Therefore, health managers and policymakers can improve the quality of life of burn victims by planning psychological counselling and behavioural therapy, and consequently increase their life satisfaction.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Burns; Cross-Sectional Studies; Patient Satisfaction; Personal Satisfaction; Quality of Life; Adult
PubMed: 36759129
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14120 -
Journal of Medicine and Life Dec 2023Early detection measures for breast cancer, such as breast self-exams, clinical breast exams, and mammography, have considerable benefits in effectively reducing breast... (Review)
Review
Early detection measures for breast cancer, such as breast self-exams, clinical breast exams, and mammography, have considerable benefits in effectively reducing breast cancer-related mortality. As the incidence of breast cancer is steadily increasing, it is crucial to raise awareness on early detection. This scoping review assessed the current knowledge, attitudes, practices, and perceptions of breast cancer screening among female medical students. We used the six phases of Arksey and O'Malley's framework from the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) template. Our analysis included 43 articles from Google Scholar and PubMed search engines, focusing on female medical students. Our results showed that most female medical students had a satisfactory level of knowledge about the most common signs, symptoms, and early detection methods of breast cancer. Generally, their attitude and perceptions were positive regarding breast cancer-related preventive measures. However, the level of practice was reduced. Further efforts are necessary to promote and improve the practice of breast self-examination, clinical breast exams, and mammography among female medical students. Potential interventions could include modifications to the medical curriculum and social media campaigns to enhance engagement and adoption of these practices.
Topics: Female; Humans; Breast Neoplasms; Early Detection of Cancer; Students, Medical; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Mammography
PubMed: 38585536
DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0412 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2023There is a lack of research on older lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) adults. This systematic review aimed to synthesize Japanese and... (Review)
Review
A Systematic Review of Qualitative Research Literature and a Thematic Synthesis of Older LGBTQ People's Experiences of Quality of Life, Minority Joy, Resilience, Minority Stress, Discrimination, and Stigmatization in Japan and Sweden.
There is a lack of research on older lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) adults. This systematic review aimed to synthesize Japanese and Swedish qualitative research on LGBTQ adults aged 60 years or older following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Japanese and Swedish articles, published in English, were searched across ASSIA, CINAHL, Medline, PsychINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Sociological Abstracts databases. Additional searches were conducted to include studies in Japanese or Swedish. There were no papers from Japan, whereas five from Sweden were reviewed. One article was excluded due to the wrong phenomenon. Four articles were included, involving 48 participants aged 60-94 years. We summarized the findings using a deductive thematic synthesis. Two major themes emerged: (a) quality of life, minority joy, and resilience (positive aspects), and (b) discrimination, stigmatization, and minority stress (negative aspects). The participants wished to be acknowledged for their own assets and unique life histories, and to be treated as everyone else. They emphasized the importance of knowledge of LGBTQ issues among nursing staff, so that older LGBTQ people are treated in a competent and affirmative way. The study revealed several important topics for understanding older LGBTQ adults' life circumstances and the severe lack of qualitative studies in Japan and Sweden.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Sweden; Stereotyping; Quality of Life; Japan; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 37444128
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20136281 -
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Aug 2023The upper lip area is an important component of facial aesthetics, and aging produces an increase in the vertical height of the upper lip. Different upper lip lifting... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The upper lip area is an important component of facial aesthetics, and aging produces an increase in the vertical height of the upper lip. Different upper lip lifting techniques are described in the literature.
OBJECTIVES
This systematic review aimed to assess both invasive and noninvasive upper lip lifting techniques with patient satisfaction, adverse effects, and quantitative measurements of lifting efficiency.
METHODS
This study was conducted per PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE (OvidSP), and Cochrane Library database were searched from September 14, 2022, to October 12, 2022. Inclusion criteria were reporting on upper lip lift efficiency with quantitative measurements of the lifting degree.
RESULTS
Out of 495 studies through the search strategy, nine articles were included in the systematic review, eight for surgical procedures and one for nonsurgical. Surgical procedures seem to have better longevity than nonsurgical techniques. Reported patient satisfaction for both surgical and nonsurgical treatments was good with no severe complaints. The quantitative measures differ between researches and may be classified into two metrics: anatomy ratio computation using photographic analysis or direct height measurement with a caliper and precise parameters utilizing a three-dimensional method.
CONCLUSION
In general, surgical therapies seem to have a longer-lasting lifting effect on upper lip lifts with an inevitable scar, while nonsurgical techniques are minimally invasive but temporary. There was a lack of consistency in the measurements used to assess lifting efficiency. A consistent quantitative assessment can be beneficial for both clinical decision-making and high-level evidence research.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Topics: Humans; Lip; Aging; Cicatrix; Patient Satisfaction; Evidence-Based Medicine; Esthetics
PubMed: 36856780
DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03302-5 -
Eye (London, England) Oct 2023In most cases, glaucoma patients require long-term medical and/or surgical treatment. Preference studies investigate how different aspects of glaucoma management, such... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
In most cases, glaucoma patients require long-term medical and/or surgical treatment. Preference studies investigate how different aspects of glaucoma management, such as health or process outcomes, are valued and herewith help stakeholders make care more responsive to patients' needs. As, to our knowledge, no overview of these studies is currently available, this study aims to systematically review and critically appraise these studies.
METHODS
A systematic literature review was conducted using keywords for stated-preference studies and glaucoma up to October 2021. Studies were included if they were original research and used a stated-preference methodology to investigate preferences in patients or healthcare professionals for different aspects of glaucoma management. Data were extracted and summarized. Furthermore, a quality appraisal of the included studies was performed using two validated checklists.
RESULTS
The search yielded 1214 articles after removal of duplicates. Of those, 11 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Studies aimed to elicit preferences for glaucoma treatment (27%), glaucoma related health state valuation (36%), and services (36%) from the patient (91%) or ophthalmologists' perspective (9%). Altogether studies included 69 attributes. The majority of attributes were outcome related (62%), followed by process (32%) and cost attributes (6%). Outcome attributes (e.g., effectiveness) were most often of highest importance to the population.
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review provides an up-to-date and critical review of stated-preference studies in the field of glaucoma, suggesting that patients have preferences and are willing to trade-off between characteristics, and revealed that outcome attributes are the most influential characteristics of glaucoma management.
Topics: Humans; Glaucoma; Patient Preference
PubMed: 36944711
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02482-3