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Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Feb 2024Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus is the most common risk factor for developing liver malignancy. Autophagy is an essential element in human cell maintenance. Several...
BACKGROUND
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus is the most common risk factor for developing liver malignancy. Autophagy is an essential element in human cell maintenance. Several studies have demonstrated that autophagy plays a vital role in liver cancer at different stages. In this systematic review, we intend to investigate the role of polymorphism and mutations of autophagy-related genes (ATGs) in the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of the hepatitis B virus (HBV).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The search was conducted in online databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) using Viruses, Infections, Polymorphism, Autophagy, and ATG. The study was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria.
RESULTS
The primary search results led to 422 studies. By screening and eligibility evaluation, only four studies were relevant. The most important polymorphisms in hepatocellular carcinoma were rs2241880 in ATG16L1, rs77859116, rs510432, and rs548234 in ATG5. Furthermore, some polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of HBV infection including, rs2241880 in ATG16L1 and rs6568431 in ATG5.
CONCLUSION
The current study highlights the importance of rs2241880 in ATG16L1 and rs77859116, rs510432, and rs548234 in ATG5 for HBV-induced HCC. Additionally, some mutations in ATG16L1 and ATG5 were important in risk of HBV infection. The study highlights the gap of knowledge in the field of ATG polymorphisms in HBV infection and HBV-induced HCC.
Topics: Humans; Autophagy; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Hepatitis B virus; Liver Neoplasms
PubMed: 38353395
DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1182 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023Recently, multiple preclinical studies have reported the beneficial effect of berberine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nevertheless, the neuroprotective...
Recently, multiple preclinical studies have reported the beneficial effect of berberine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nevertheless, the neuroprotective effects and possible mechanisms of berberine against AD are not universally recognized. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis by integrating relevant animal studies to assess the neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of berberine on AD. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science databases that reported the effects of berberine on AD models up to 1 February 2023. The escape latency, times of crossing platform, time spent in the target quadrant and pro-oligomerized amyloid beta 42 (Aβ) were included as primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes were the Tau-ps 204, Tau-ps 404, β-site of APP cleaving enzyme (BACE1), amyloid precursor protein (APP), acetylcholine esterase (AChE), tumor necrosis factor ⍺ (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, nitric oxide (NO), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Beclin-1 and neuronal apoptosis cells. This meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 and STATA 15.1. The SYRCLE's risk of bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality. Twenty-two studies and 453 animals were included in the analysis. The overall results showed that berberine significantly shortened the escape latency ( < 0.00001), increased times of crossing platform ( < 0.00001) and time spent in the target quadrant ( < 0.00001), decreased Aβ deposition ( < 0.00001), Tau-ps 202 ( < 0.00001) and Tau-ps 404 ( = 0.002), and improved BACE1, APP, AChE, Beclin-1, neuronal apoptosis cells, oxidative stress and inflammation levels. Berberine may be a promising drug for the treatment of AD based on preclinical evidence (especially when the dose was 5-260 mg/kg). The potential mechanisms for these protective effects may be closely related to anti-neuroinflammation, anti-oxidative stress, modulation of autophagy, inhibition of neuronal apoptosis and protection of cholinergic system. However, these results may be limited by the quality of existing research. Larger and methodologically more rigorous preclinical research are needed to provide more convincing evidence.
PubMed: 38259291
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1287750 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2024Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a leading cause of high morbidity and mortality, represents a significant global public health challenge. Currently, no effective treatment...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a leading cause of high morbidity and mortality, represents a significant global public health challenge. Currently, no effective treatment for TBI exists. Curcumin, an active compound extracted from the root of , has demonstrated neuroprotective properties both and . Notably, it has shown potential in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation and enhancing redox balance. This paper conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore curcumin's role in TBI animal models extensively. The findings offer valuable insights for future human clinical trials evaluating curcumin as a therapeutic supplement or nutraceutical in TBI management.
METHODS
Comprehensive literature searches were conducted across MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. These searches aimed to identify relevant manuscripts in all languages, utilizing the keywords "curcumin" and "traumatic brain injury."
RESULTS
The final quantitative analysis included 18 eligible articles corresponding to animal studies. The analysis revealed that curcumin significantly reduced inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β ( = 0.000), IL-6 ( = 0.002), and TNF-α ( = 0.000), across various concentrations, time points, and administration routes. Additionally, curcumin markedly enhanced the activity of oxidative stress markers such as SOD ( = 0.000), Sir2 ( = 0.000), GPx ( = 0.000), and Nrf2 ( = 0.000), while reducing MDA ( = 0.000), 4-HNE ( = 0.001), and oxyprotein levels ( = 0.024). Furthermore, curcumin improved cerebral edema ( = 0.000) and upregulated neuroprotective factors like synapsin I ( = 0.019), BDNF ( = 0.000), and CREB ( = 0.000), without reducing mNSS ( = 0.144). About autophagy and apoptosis, curcumin increased the activity of Beclin-1 ( = 0.000) and Bcl-2 ( = 0.000), while decreasing caspase-3 ( = 0.000), the apoptosis index ( = 0.000), and P62 ( = 0.002).
CONCLUSION
Curcumin supplementation positively affects traumatic brain injury (TBI) by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and promoting neuroprotection. It holds potential as a therapeutic agent for human TBI. However, this conclusion necessitates further substantiation through high-quality literature and additional randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/. The registration number of PROSPERO: CRD42023452685.
PubMed: 38798711
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1380353 -
Nutrients Mar 2024Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition initiated by oral bacteria and is associated with several systemic diseases. Quercetin is an anti-inflammatory and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition initiated by oral bacteria and is associated with several systemic diseases. Quercetin is an anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial poly-phenol present in various foods. The aim of this meta-analysis was the evaluation of the effects of quercetin administration in animal models of experimental periodontitis.
METHODS
A systematic search was performed in electronic databases using the following search terms: "periodontitis" or "periodontal disease" or "gingivitis" and "quercetin" or "cyanidanol" or "sophoretin" or "pentahydroxyflavone". In vivo preclinical animal models of experimental periodontal disease with a measurement of alveolar bone loss were included in the analysis. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the SYRCLE tool.
RESULTS
The systematic search yielded 335 results. Five studies were included, four of them qualified for a meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that quercetin administration decreased alveolar bone loss (τ = 0.31, 1.88 mm 95%CI: 1.09, 2.67) in experimental periodontal disease animal models. However, the risk of bias assessment indicated that four SYRCLE domains had a high risk of bias.
CONCLUSIONS
Quercetin diminishes periodontal bone loss and prevents disease progression in animal models of experimental periodontal disease. Quercetin might facilitate periodontal tissue hemostasis by reducing senescent cells, decreasing oxidative stress via SIRT1-induced autophagy, limiting inflammation, and fostering an oral bacterial microenvironment of symbiotic microbiota associated with oral health. Future research will show whether and how the promising preclinical results can be translated into the clinical treatment of periodontal disease.
Topics: Animals; Quercetin; Alveolar Bone Loss; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Gingivitis
PubMed: 38474862
DOI: 10.3390/nu16050735 -
Nutrients May 2024Liver cancer ranks third globally among causes of cancer-related deaths, posing a significant public health challenge. However, current treatments are inadequate,... (Review)
Review
Liver cancer ranks third globally among causes of cancer-related deaths, posing a significant public health challenge. However, current treatments are inadequate, prompting a growing demand for novel, safe, and effective therapies. Natural products (NPs) have emerged as promising candidates in drug development due to their diverse biological activities, low toxicity, and minimal side effects. This paper begins by reviewing existing treatment methods and drugs for liver cancer. It then summarizes the therapeutic effects of NPs sourced from various origins on liver cancer. Finally, we analyze the potential mechanisms of NPs in treating liver cancer, including inhibition of angiogenesis, migration, and invasion; regulation of the cell cycle; induction of apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis; influence on tumor metabolism; immune regulation; regulation of intestinal function; and regulation of key signaling pathways. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of NPs research in liver cancer treatment, offering a foundation for further development and application in pharmaceuticals and functional foods.
Topics: Humans; Biological Products; Liver Neoplasms; Apoptosis; Signal Transduction; Antineoplastic Agents; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Autophagy
PubMed: 38892575
DOI: 10.3390/nu16111642 -
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine... Aug 2023To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Xuebijing injection (XBJ) on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Xuebijing injection (XBJ) on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients.
METHODS
Related studies on multiple biological databases and websites were searched up to December 11, 2021 without language and publication time restrictions. Review Manager V.5.3 and Stata 14 software were used for data analysis.
RESULTS
Seven studies were finally included. The Metaanalysis showed that compared with the routine treatment alone, XBJ combined with the routine treatment can reduce the 28day mortality ( = 0.3, 95% : 0.12, 0.74), Creactive protein ( = -12.8, 95% : -23.13, 3.46), erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( = -9.32, 95% : -14.66, -3.98) and interleukin-6 (S = -0.6, 95% : -1.04, -0.17) levels and increase the leukocyte ( = 0.73, 95% : 0.42, 1.04) and lymphocyte count ( = 0.18, 95% : 0.07, 0.29) in peripheral blood; additionally, it has no obvious side effects ( = 1.11, 95% : 0.65, 1.9). There was no evidence that the XBJ combined therapy can improve the nucleic acid conversion rate and computed tomography improvement rate of COVID19 patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Preliminary evidence suggests that XBJ combined with routine treatment seems to be more effective than routine treatment for patients with COVID19. Limited by the number and quality of included papers, this finding still needs further validation by more studies.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Injections
PubMed: 37454247
DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20230517.002 -
International Wound Journal Aug 2023Ferroptosis is a newly discovered cell death type which is different from apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis as well as necrosis in the following aspects: morphology,...
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered cell death type which is different from apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis as well as necrosis in the following aspects: morphology, biochemistry, gene and regulatory mechanisms. Ferroptosis is regulated by multiples of mechanisms such as system Xc mechanism, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) mechanism, iron metabolism and lipid metabolism. Currently, ferroptosis has been revealed to be significant in wound healing such as diabetic wound, irradiated wound and ultraviolet (UV)-driven wound. Hence, how to intervene in the pathogenesis as well as the development of wounds and promote the wound healing by the regulation of ferroptosis have become a research hotspot. This review systematically summarises the latest scientific advances of ferroptosis and wound healing fields, with hoping to propose a new insight and advance in the wound treatment.
Topics: Humans; Ferroptosis; Wound Healing
PubMed: 36788729
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14102 -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder that gives rise to motor incoordination and progressive functional disabilities.... (Review)
Review
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder that gives rise to motor incoordination and progressive functional disabilities. Although pharmacological interventions have revealed promising prospects in the management of SCA3, adverse effects may become unbearable. The use of herbal remedies in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may serve as potential alternative medicines to delay the progression of the disease. This systematic review is intended to identify, appraise, and summarize the findings of studies pertaining to the therapeutic roles of herbal remedies in TCM targeting oxidative stress in the management of SCA3. A literature search for relevant articles published from 1 January 2013 to 30 June 2023 in three databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, was carried out according to the procedures of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A total of ten preclinical studies met the inclusion criteria of the systematic review. We recognized the therapeutic potential of , , sp., , , , , , sp., , , , , and . We identified the types of preclinical models expressing polyglutamine (polyQ) expanded mutant protein (mATXN3), inducers of oxidative stress that mimic the SCA3 pathogenesis, and effective doses of the herbal remedies. The modes of action contributing to the attenuation of oxidative stress are activation of antioxidant pathways, ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy, regulation of apoptosis, proinflammatory signaling pathway and chaperones, regulation of mitochondrial function and biogenesis, and restoration of neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. In conclusion, herbal remedies in TCM may possibly delay the progression of SCA3, therefore providing justification for clinical trials.
PubMed: 38539908
DOI: 10.3390/antiox13030375 -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024Ferroptosis is a recently discovered type of programmed cell death that is mechanistically different from other types of programmed cell death such as apoptosis,... (Review)
Review
Ferroptosis is a recently discovered type of programmed cell death that is mechanistically different from other types of programmed cell death such as apoptosis, necroptosis, and autophagy. It is characterized by the accumulation of intracellular iron, overproduction of reactive oxygen species, depletion of glutathione, and extensive lipid peroxidation of lipids in the cell membrane. It was discovered that ferroptosis is interconnected with many diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, ischemia/reperfusion injury, cancer, and chronic kidney disease. Polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites known for many bioactivities, are being extensively researched in the context of their influence on ferroptosis which resulted in a great number of publications showing the need for a systematic review. In this review, an extensive literature search was performed. Databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer) were searched in the time span from 2017 to November 2023, using the keyword "ferroptosis" alone and in combination with "flavonoid", "phenolic acid", "stilbene", "coumarin", "anthraquinone", and "chalcone"; after the selection of studies, we had 311 papers and 143 phenolic compounds. In total, 53 compounds showed the ability to induce ferroptosis, and 110 compounds were able to inhibit ferroptosis, and out of those compounds, 20 showed both abilities depending on the model system. The most researched compounds are shikonin, curcumin, quercetin, resveratrol, and baicalin. The most common modes of action are in the modulation of the Nrf2/GPX4 and Nrf2/HO-1 axis and the modulation of iron metabolism.
PubMed: 38539867
DOI: 10.3390/antiox13030334 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Jan 2024Development of therapeutic agents that have fewer adverse effects and have higher efficacy for diseases, such as cancer, metabolic disorders, neurological diseases,... (Review)
Review
Development of therapeutic agents that have fewer adverse effects and have higher efficacy for diseases, such as cancer, metabolic disorders, neurological diseases, infections, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory diseases, are required. Recent studies have focused on identifying novel sources for pharmaceutical molecules to develop therapies against these diseases. Among the sources for potentially new therapies, animal venom-derived molecules have generated much interest. Various animal venom-derived proteins and peptides have been isolated, identified, synthesized, and tested to develop drugs. Venom-derived peptides have several biomedical properties, such as proapoptotic, cell migration, and autophagy regulation activities in cancer cell models; induction of vasodilation by nitric oxide and regulation of angiotensin II; modification of insulin response by controlling calcium and potassium channels; regulation of pain receptor activity; modulation of immune cell activity; alteration of motor neuron activity; degradation or inhibition of β-amyloid plaque formation; antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiprotozoal activities; increase in sperm motility and potentiation of erectile function; reduction of intraocular pressure; anticoagulation, fibrinolytic, and antithrombotic activities; etc. This systematic review compiles these biomedical properties and potential biomedical applications of synthesized animal venom-derived peptides reported in the latest research. In addition, the limitations and areas of opportunity in this research field are discussed so that new studies can be developed based on the data presented.
Topics: Animals; Male; Venoms; Sperm Motility; Peptides; Angiotensin II
PubMed: 38113629
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116015