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International Journal of Dental Hygiene Feb 2024This systematic review and meta-analysis tests the effectiveness of dental water jet (DWJ) with manual toothbrushes (MTB) compared to MTB alone in oral health... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The effectiveness of dental water jet in reducing dental plaque and gingival bleeding in orthodontic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
INTRODUCTION
This systematic review and meta-analysis tests the effectiveness of dental water jet (DWJ) with manual toothbrushes (MTB) compared to MTB alone in oral health maintenance in orthodontic patients.
METHODS
Four databases were systematically searched: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) and Cochrane Library until 6 January 2022 using a combination of medical subject heading (MeSH) terms and keywords. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were only included and critically appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB) tool. The mean difference (MD) effect measure was calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel statistical test (95% confidence interval [CI]) to compare both study groups (p-value < 0.05).
RESULTS
After reviewing 5881 studies from a systematic search, six were selected for inclusion, with four involved in the quantitative analysis. The risk of bias was low in two studies, moderate in two studies and high in the remaining two studies. The meta-analysis showed a significant improvement in plaque index and bleeding scores in DWJ + MTB group compared MTB alone group in orthodontic patients with generalized gingivitis (MD = -0.75, 95% CI [-1.29, -0.22], p = 0.006) and (MD = -0.17, 95% CI [-0.27, -0.08], p = 0.0003), respectively. However, no significant improvement was detected between both groups in the gingival index.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of DWJ as an adjunctive device in addition to MTB can be an effective strategy for maintaining oral hygiene in orthodontic patients with gingivitis. However, more high-quality RCTs are needed to confirm the findings.
Topics: Humans; Dental Plaque; Water; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Oral Hygiene; Gingivitis; Gingival Hemorrhage; Dental Plaque Index
PubMed: 37694518
DOI: 10.1111/idh.12741 -
Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry Jun 2024To evaluate the efficacy of the adjunctive use of tea tree oil (TTO) for dental plaque control and nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The Effect of Local Application of Tea Tree Oil Adjunctive to Daily Oral Maintenance and Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Studies.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of the adjunctive use of tea tree oil (TTO) for dental plaque control and nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Three electronic databases were searched from 2003. The reference lists of the included articles and relevant reviews were also manually searched. Randomised controlled trials reporting the clinical outcomes of the topical use of TTO as an adjunct to daily oral hygiene or scaling and root planing (SRP) were included. Regarding the use of TTO as an adjunctive to daily oral hygiene, the primary outcome was plaque index (PI) reduction. Regarding the use of TTO as an adjunctive to SRP, probing pocket depth (PPD) reduction and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain were the primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes were adverse events.
RESULTS
Eleven studies were included for qualitative analysis, 9 studies were included for quantitative analysis, and 6 studies were included to examine the application of TTO mouthwash as an adjunctive to daily oral hygiene. In addition, three studies were included to analyse the subgingival use of TTO adjunctive to SRP at selected sites. The results indicated a nonsignificant improvement in PI reduction in the TTO mouthwash group compared with placebo. The incidence of adverse events was statistically significantly greater in the CHX group than in the TTO group. For subgingival use of TTO adjunctive to SRP, beneficial effects were observed in the TTO group compared with SRP alone in terms of PPD and CAL at both three and six months post-treatment. However, an unpleasant taste was reported in three out of four studies.
CONCLUSION
There is a lack of strong evidence to support the beneficial effects of TTO. Studies with larger sample sizes and standardised evaluation criteria are needed to further demonstrate the clinical relevance of TTO.
Topics: Humans; Tea Tree Oil; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Dental Scaling; Mouthwashes; Dental Plaque; Oral Hygiene; Root Planing; Dental Plaque Index; Combined Modality Therapy; Treatment Outcome; Phytotherapy; Periodontal Diseases
PubMed: 38864380
DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b5458585 -
Special Care in Dentistry : Official... 2023The aim of this systematic review is to compare the effectiveness of a powered (PTB) and a manual (MTB) toothbrush in the hands of people with physical (PD) or...
AIMS
The aim of this systematic review is to compare the effectiveness of a powered (PTB) and a manual (MTB) toothbrush in the hands of people with physical (PD) or intellectual (ID) disabilities or in the hands of a caregiver on parameters of plaque and gingival inflammation.
METHODS
MEDLINE-PubMed, Cochrane-CENTRAL and EMBASE databases were searched from initiation up to February 2022. The inclusion criteria were clinical trials conducted in people with PDs or IDs and comparing the effect of toothbrushing with a PTB to an MTB on plaque removal and gingival health. Data were extracted from the eligible studies and analyzed in four subgroups based firstly on the person performing the toothbrushing, either the participants or a caregiver, not a dental professional, and secondly on the main disability of the participants, either PD or ID. Heterogeneity and risk of bias were assessed, data were extracted from the eligible studies, and a descriptive analysis was performed.
RESULTS
The search yielded 294 unique papers; after selection 16 eligible publications describing 25 comparisons were included: 12 self-brushing and 13 caregiver-brushing comparisons. Considerable clinical and methodological heterogeneity was present; together with limited numerical data, not allowing for a meta-analysis. The descriptive analysis showed, in the majority, no statistically significant difference between PTB and MTB. This applied to self-brushing and caregiver-brushing in both disability groups.
CONCLUSION
This review demonstrates with a low level of evidence that a PTB compared to an MTB in the hands of people with PD or ID or in the hands of their caregivers results in no clinical difference in effectiveness on parameters of plaque and gingival inflammation.
Topics: Humans; Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Equipment Design; Gingivitis; Inflammation; Intellectual Disability; Single-Blind Method; Toothbrushing
PubMed: 36654213
DOI: 10.1111/scd.12821 -
Oral hygiene status in individuals with hearing difficulties: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Special Care in Dentistry : Official... 2024Most studies focusing on oral hygiene status in hearing impaired individuals are cross-sectional and focus on specific populations. A comprehensive literature search and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
Most studies focusing on oral hygiene status in hearing impaired individuals are cross-sectional and focus on specific populations. A comprehensive literature search and evidence-based analysis was carried out to assess the oral hygiene status in this special group of population.
METHODS
Searches were conducted in four databases with no restriction on publication date. Cross-sectional and comparative cross-sectional studies assessing the oral hygiene status and periodontal status of hearing impaired individuals using standardized evaluation criteria were included. Study selection, data extraction, and assessment of bias were carried out by four reviewers and oral hygiene, plaque, and gingival status were assessed. The risk of bias assessment was carried out by New Castle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. 29 relevant publications that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included in the systematic review whereas six studies each assessing oral hygiene and plaque status and five studies evaluating the gingival status were included in the Meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Eight thousand eight hundred and ninety (8890) potentially relevant references were identified in the systematic literature search. The overall analysis of the included studies revealed a mean oral hygiene index score of 1.60 (95% CI 0.91-2.30), Gingival Index scores 1.27 (95% CI 1.02-1.51), and Plaque Index score 0.99 (95% CI 0.75-2.30) among the hearing impaired individuals.
CONCLUSION
The present study reported fair oral hygiene, fair plaque status, and moderate gingivitis among the hearing impaired individuals.
Topics: Humans; Oral Hygiene; Cross-Sectional Studies; Gingivitis; Dental Plaque; Hearing
PubMed: 36880182
DOI: 10.1111/scd.12845 -
Special Care in Dentistry : Official... 2024Down syndrome (DS) is distinguished by cognitive disability, a concave profile, and systemic complications. Oral diseases have been reported to be common in DS patients. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Down syndrome (DS) is distinguished by cognitive disability, a concave profile, and systemic complications. Oral diseases have been reported to be common in DS patients.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the association between DS and periodontal diseases.
METHODS
Two independent reviewers searched six bibliographic databases up to January 2023 and used additional search methods to identify published studies on gingivitis or periodontitis in people with and without DS. Meta-analysis, risk of bias, sensibility analysis, publication bias, and evidence grading were all carried out.
RESULTS
Twenty-six studies were included for analysis. There was a tendency for increased plaque accumulation, periodontal probing, periodontal attachment level, bleeding on probing and indices in DS individuals. Meta-analysis of 11 studies showed a significant association between DS and periodontitis (OR 3.93; 95% CI 1.81-8.53). Probing depth was significantly high in individuals with DS as compared to controls (mean difference 0.40 mm; 95% CI 0.09-0.70). Gingivitis was significantly associated (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.09-3.41) with DS in four studies. The evidence was classified as 'moderate certainty'.
CONCLUSION
Medium/low-quality studies demonstrate that Down syndrome is strongly associated with periodontitis and moderately associated with gingivitis.
Topics: Humans; Down Syndrome; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Gingivitis; Dental Plaque
PubMed: 37341556
DOI: 10.1111/scd.12892 -
The Journal of Oral Implantology Dec 2023Peri-implant diseases have become one of the notable biological complications of postrehabilitation with implant-supported restorations. Effective modalities for... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Peri-implant diseases have become one of the notable biological complications of postrehabilitation with implant-supported restorations. Effective modalities for decontamination of biofilm deposits around implant surfaces are critical for resolution of the inflammation. Air polishing is one of the recommended clinical methods for treating peri-implant diseases. This systematic review assessed clinical evidence on efficacy of using air polishing technology for the management of peri-implant diseases, including peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Four electronic databases from January 1990 to December 2022 were searched to identify the relative human randomized clinical trials that applied air polishing for nonsurgical and surgical treatment of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Twelve articles were selected. For treating peri-implant mucositis, air polishing showed a comparable effect to ultrasonic scaling in the reduction of bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing pocket depth (PPD). The nonsurgical approach of air polishing in treating peri-implantitis varied in the reduction of BOP, PPD, and clinical attachment level (CAL) in evaluated studies. Air polishing in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis was comparable to mechanical cleaning, implantoplasty, and the use of Ti-brush, in regards to the significant reduction of BOP, PPD, and CAL, as well as the improvement of the bone level between baseline and follow-ups. The standardized mean difference with a 95% confidence interval of the studied parameters was estimated using the random effect model; however, statistical differences were not detected between air polishing and comparative modalities in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Within the limitations of this review, the application of air polishing did not result in more favorable outcomes in the treatment of peri-implant diseases compared to other modalities.
Topics: Humans; Peri-Implantitis; Dental Implants; Mucositis; Dental Polishing; Biofilms
PubMed: 38258587
DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-D-23-00114 -
Journal of Stomatology, Oral and... Apr 2024Oral metastatic sarcomas (OMSs) occur only occasionally, and information about their characteristics is based on the restricted number of cases reported in the...
Oral metastatic sarcomas (OMSs) occur only occasionally, and information about their characteristics is based on the restricted number of cases reported in the literature. This study aims to systematically review the English literature to recognize the clinicopathologic characteristics of OMSs. An electronic search was performed in PubMed Central and Scopus databases. The search included all the published articles (human case reports and case series) up till April 2023, with no time restrictions. OMSs were slightly more prevalent in males in their fifth to seventh decades of life. However, a high percentage of OMSs has been reported in the second decade of life. Lower extremities, breasts and uterus are the most common primary origin of metastatic sarcoma. Gingiva and mandible were common locations in the oral cavity for metastatic deposits. Generally, they demonstrated widespread affliction. The mean time interval between primary tumor detection and diagnosis of the oral metastasis was about 33.54 ± 36.19 months. Death was reported in 83 patients (67.48 %) with a mean survival rate of 7.98 ± 10.30 months. The most common microscopic tumor types were leiomyosarcoma (n = 21, 17 %), followed by angiosarcoma (n = 20, 16.26 %) and osteosarcoma (n = 18, 14.63 %). In conclusion, while oral metastases of sarcomas are not common, those should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the oral lesions. Although OMSs show a high occurrence in the 7th decade of the life, the average age of patients with oral involvement is lower than the overall metastatic lesions. OMSs may present as widespread disease with poor prognosis.
Topics: Humans; Mouth Neoplasms; Sarcoma; Female; Male
PubMed: 38738551
DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101656 -
Community Dental Health Feb 2024Individuals with special needs requiring special care are more vulnerable to oral health problems. Sign language is a communication medium and language of instruction... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Sign language based educational interventions vs. other educational interventions to improve the oral health of hearing-impaired individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
OBJECTIVE
Individuals with special needs requiring special care are more vulnerable to oral health problems. Sign language is a communication medium and language of instruction for individuals with hearing impairments. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of sign language-based educational interventions compared to other educational interventions in improving the oral health of hearing-impaired individuals.
METHODS
PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched without any restriction on the publication date. Analytical and experimental studies that evaluated and compared the effectiveness of sign language with other educational intervention groups such as videos, posters etc were included.
RESULTS
Initially, 5568 records were identified. Three relevant publications from India were eligible and included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Differences were reported in favour of sign language over other interventions concerning plaque status, gingival health, and oral hygiene status.
CONCLUSION
Sign language-based interventions were found to be effective. However, further studies in different locations and populations are required to support their effectiveness.
Topics: Humans; Dental Plaque; Hearing; Oral Health; Oral Hygiene; Sign Language; Deafness
PubMed: 37988657
DOI: 10.1922/CDH_00109Bhadauria06