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European Respiratory Review : An... Sep 2023Hospitalised patients with exacerbations of COPD (ECOPD) may have physical and functional impairments that impact morbidity and readmission. Therefore, it is crucial to... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Hospitalised patients with exacerbations of COPD (ECOPD) may have physical and functional impairments that impact morbidity and readmission. Therefore, it is crucial to properly identify reduced functionality in these patients to support a personalised rehabilitation. The objective of this study is to summarise and compare the measurement properties of functionality performance-based outcome measures for hospitalised patients with ECOPD.
METHODS
A systematic review based on the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) was performed. The PubMed, Embase, PEDro and Cochrane databases were searched using terms related to functionality, hospitalised patients with ECOPD and measurement properties. Studies were selected and extracted by two researchers. The COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist was applied to assess the methodological quality of the studies and measurement property results were compared with the criteria for good measurement properties. Quality of evidence was graded using a modified Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.
RESULTS
13 studies were included with nine outcome measures, namely the 6-min pegboard ring test, the de Morton mobility index, the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), the 6-min walk test (6MWT), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), the Berg balance scale, 4-m gait speed, handgrip strength and the 6-min stepper test. Construct validity was rated as sufficient, except for the ISWT. Responsiveness, assessed only for MIP, was considered insufficient and measurement errors for the ISWT and 6MWT were insufficient, with a very low quality of evidence for all measurement properties.
CONCLUSION
Measurement properties of performance-based outcome measures to assess functionality in patients hospitalised with ECOPD are still scarce, with very low evidence supporting validity and a lack of evidence of responsiveness and reliability. Further studies are needed to address this topic and guide assertive and personalised management.
Topics: Humans; Hand Strength; Reproducibility of Results; Consensus; Patients; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
PubMed: 37437913
DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0013-2023 -
Frontiers in Psychiatry 2023At present, the phenomenon of patients with mental disorders not seeking mental help is very serious, and the mental help-seeking attitude is the central structure of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
At present, the phenomenon of patients with mental disorders not seeking mental help is very serious, and the mental help-seeking attitude is the central structure of the help process. However, there is no consensus on which patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) should be used to assess mental help-seeking attitudes.
OBJECTIVE
The systematic review aims to critically appraise, compare, and summarize the measurement quality of the all-available PROMs about mental help-seeking attitudes to provide evidence-based guidance and reference for clinical researchers.
METHODS
A systematic search was conducted in 9 databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Medline, APA, CINAHL, Sinomed, CNKI, and WanFang) since the establishment of the database until November 30, 2022 to identify articles on the PROMs of mental help-seeking attitudes. We used the COSMIN guidelines to evaluate the methodological quality and measurement properties of all-available PROMs, and a modified Grading, Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system to evaluate the level of evidence supporting each rating. Finally, the recommendation level is given according to the overall quality of each PROM.
RESULTS
We identified 29 studies representing 13 PROMs out of 2,828 screening studies. The overall quality of the included PROMs varied, with 6 rated as class B, 6 as class C, and only the Mental Help Seeking Attitudes Scale (MHSAS) as class A.
CONCLUSION
The measurement characteristics of MHSAS have been the most comprehensive evaluation, and it has good reliability and validity, and high feasibility for clinical application, so it can be temporarily recommended for use, but the above conclusions still need to be supported by more high-quality evidence.
PubMed: 37539330
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1182670 -
BMC Nursing Aug 2023Self-care is a necessary measure against occupational injuries of nurses and improves nursing performance at the bedside. Nurses have different scales to measure...
BACKGROUND
Self-care is a necessary measure against occupational injuries of nurses and improves nursing performance at the bedside. Nurses have different scales to measure self-care, and researchers are confused about choosing valid and reliable scales. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the measurement properties of self-care scales in nurses to identify the best available scales.
METHODS
Four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and ProQuest) were systematically searched, with no date limiters, until 9 Jun 2023. A manual search was performed with Google Scholar and the reference list of articles to complete the search. Studies aiming to develop or determine the measurement properties of self-care in nurses were included. Based on Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments, the methodological quality of the studies was determined, and the result of each study on a measurement property was rated (sufficient, insufficient, or indeterminate). The quality of the evidence was graded using a modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach (high, moderate, low, or very low). These processes were used to make recommendations and identify the best scale to assess self-care in nurses.
RESULTS
Out of 8601 articles, six articles with five different scales were included. Only internal consistency was reported across all scales. Criterion validity, measurement error, responsiveness, feasibility, and interpretability, were not reported in any of them. Content validity was reported only in two studies with inconsistent results and low-quality evidence. None of the scales had methodological quality with a rating of very good and sufficient high-quality evidence for all measurement properties.
CONCLUSIONS
None of the scales is strongly recommended to measure self-care in nurses. Only the Professional self-care scale is temporarily recommended until their quality is assessed in future studies. Considering that the content of the examined scales does not meet all the professional self-care needs of nurses, designing a valid, reliable, and specialized scale for nurses is needed.
PubMed: 37635260
DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01450-2 -
The Laryngoscope Aug 2023A number of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) assess quality of life and symptom severity in patients with salivary gland dysfunction, but many vary in the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
A number of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) assess quality of life and symptom severity in patients with salivary gland dysfunction, but many vary in the extent of validation and domain types addressed. We identified PROMs validated to measure salivary gland function and analyzed key properties.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycInfo, and CINAHL.
REVIEW METHODS
A systematic review was performed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Validated instruments with >1 item to assess salivary gland-related symptoms were included. PROMs were evaluated for developmental methodology, structure, validity, and reliability using Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) criteria.
RESULTS
A total of 2059 abstracts were retrieved, and 133 full-text articles were reviewed. Sixteen PROMs assessing xerostomia (n = 7), sialadenitis (n = 4), Sjogren's syndrome (n = 2), Parkinson's-associated sialorrhea (n = 2), and oral systemic sclerosis (n = 1) were identified. Most (n = 15) were developed de novo, one was adapted from a pre-existing questionnaire. Eleven PROMs demonstrated "very good" analysis of internal consistency per COSMIN criteria, and 10 included test-retest data. Regarding content validity, four PROMs were developed with both patient and physician input, but none were rated as "adequate." All included comparisons against other questionnaires (n = 7), salivary flow rate (n = 9), and/or healthy controls (n = 3). The most rigorously developed PROM, the Xerostomia Inventory, was rated adequate in 6 out of 7 domains.
CONCLUSIONS
Several PROMs evaluate salivary function. The abilties of these PROMs to meet design and validation standards were variable, with notable limitations in content validity for all tools. New and updated PROMs assessing obstructive and inflammatory salivary symptoms should utilize patient and provider input.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
N/A Laryngoscope, 133:1796-1805, 2023.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Reproducibility of Results; Patient Reported Outcome Measures; Surveys and Questionnaires; Consensus
PubMed: 36606658
DOI: 10.1002/lary.30550 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2023The main objective of this systematic review was to synthesize the evidence on the occurrence and characteristics of stuttering in individuals with Down syndrome and... (Review)
Review
The main objective of this systematic review was to synthesize the evidence on the occurrence and characteristics of stuttering in individuals with Down syndrome and thus contribute knowledge about stuttering in this population. Group studies reporting outcome measures of stuttering were included. Studies with participants who were preselected based on their fluency status were excluded. We searched the Eric, PsychInfo, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection databases on 3rd January 2022 and conducted supplementary searches of the reference lists of previous reviews and the studies included in the current review, as well as relevant speech and language journals. The included studies were coded in terms of information concerning sample characteristics, measurement approaches, and stuttering-related outcomes. The appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies (AXIS) was used to evaluate study quality. We identified 14 eligible studies, with a total of 1,833 participants (mean = 131.29, standard deviation = 227.85, median = 45.5) between 3 and 58 years of age. The estimated occurrence of stuttering ranged from 2.38 to 56%, which is substantially higher than the estimated prevalence (1%) of stuttering in the general population. The results also showed that stuttering severity most often was judged to be mild-to-moderate and that individuals with Down syndrome displayed secondary behaviors when these were measured. However, little attention has been paid to investigating the potential adverse effects of stuttering for individuals with Down syndrome. We judged the quality of the evidence to be moderate-to-low. The negative evaluation was mostly due to sampling limitations that decreased the representability and generalizability of the results. Based on the high occurrence of stuttering and the potential negative effects of this condition, individuals with Down syndrome who show signs of stuttering should be referred to a speech and language pathologist for an evaluation of their need for stuttering treatment.
PubMed: 38094702
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1176743 -
The Cleft Palate-craniofacial Journal :... Oct 2023To systematically review the published comparative aesthetic outcomes, and its determinants, for craniosynostoses surgically treated by minimally-invasive cranial...
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review the published comparative aesthetic outcomes, and its determinants, for craniosynostoses surgically treated by minimally-invasive cranial procedures and open cranial vault remodeling (CVR).
DESIGN
PRISMA-compliant systematic review.
SETTING
Not-applicable.
PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS
Articles were included if they compared spring cranioplasty, strip minimally-invasive craniectomy or CVR for outcomes related to aesthetics or head shape. Forty-two studies were included, comprising 2402 patients.
INTERVENTIONS
None.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
The craniometric and PROM used to determine surgical outcomes.
RESULTS
Twenty-five studies (59%) evaluated sagittal craniosynostosis, with metopic (7;17%) and unicoronal (4;10%) the next most prevalent. Thirty-eight studies (90%) included CVR, 24 (57%) included strip craniectomy with helmeting, 9 (22%) included strip craniectomy without helmeting, 11 (26%) included spring cranioplasty, and 3 (7%) included vault distraction. A majority of studies only used 1 (43%) or 2 (14%) craniometric measures to compare techniques. In sagittal synostosis, 13 (59%) studies showed no difference in craniometric outcomes, 5 (23%) showed better results with CVR, 3 (14%) with strip craniectomy, and 1 (5%) with springs. In studies describing other synostoses, 10/14 (71%) were equivocal. Subjective outcome measures followed similar trends. Meta-analysis shows no significant difference in cranial index (CI) outcomes between CVR and less invasive procedures in patients with sagittal synostosis.
CONCLUSIONS
There is no difference in CI outcomes between CVR and less invasive procedures. The majority of literature comparing craniometric and aesthetic outcomes between CVR and less invasive procedures shows equivocal results for sagittal synostosis. However, the heterogeneity of data for other craniosynostoses did not allow meta-analysis.
PubMed: 37859464
DOI: 10.1177/10556656231204506 -
Journal of Human Nutrition and... Aug 2023Beverage intake in employees is important to quantify due to the potential of dehydration to increase the risk of errors and reduced work performance. This systematic... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Beverage intake in employees is important to quantify due to the potential of dehydration to increase the risk of errors and reduced work performance. This systematic review aimed to (1) characterise existing fluid intake measurement tools used in the workplace setting or among free-living, healthy adults of working age and (2) report the current validation status of available assessment tools for use in a UK setting.
METHODS
Three electronic databases were searched for publications measuring beverage intake using a defined tool or method. Additional studies were identified by hand from trial registers, grey literature and reference lists. Eligibility was determined using predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed using a modified Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology framework. Narrative synthesis was performed.
RESULTS
The review identified 105 studies. The most frequently reported beverage assessment methods were total diet diaries/records (n = 22), fluid specific diaries/records (n = 18), food and fluid frequency questionnaires (n = 17), beverage-specific frequency questionnaires (n = 23) and diet recalls (n = 11). General dietary measurement tools (measuring beverages as part of total diet) were used in 60 studies, and 45 studies used a beverage-specific tool. This review identified 18 distinct dietary assessment tools, of which 6 were fluid/beverage specific. Twelve tools published relative validity for a beverage-related variable and seven tools for total daily fluid intake (from whole diet or from beverages only).
CONCLUSIONS
Several fluid intake assessment tools were identified; however, few have been fully evaluated for total beverage intake, and none in a UK working population.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Diet Surveys; Beverages; Food; Diet; Drinking; Energy Intake
PubMed: 36514191
DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13127 -
European Journal of Cancer Prevention :... Feb 2024The objective of this study was toidentify and appraise available sun protection self-efficacy instruments and synthesize information.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was toidentify and appraise available sun protection self-efficacy instruments and synthesize information.
DATA SOURCE
A systematic search of electronic databases from 2005 to 2023 included PubMed, CINAHL, Embase and PsycINFO.
BACKGROUND
While instruments have been developed to evaluate sun-protective behaviors and self-efficacy separately, sun-protection self-efficacy instruments have yet to be widely studied. Self-efficacy is an essential antecedent to performing health-related behaviors or practices that can promote or hinder the health of individuals and groups.
STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA
Studies randomized control trials or descriptive studies that used self-efficacy measurement tools to evaluate behaviors, intentions, and sun protection knowledge were included in this review. Sun protection surveys that targeted providers or parents and non-English articles were excluded.
DATA EXTRACTION
Data were extracted by one independent researcher.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Fifteen studies met the inclusion criterion and included 10 scales of self-efficacy in sun protection. Study design and purpose, and the instrument's validity and reliability statistics, including Cronbach's alphas, were extracted.
RESULTS
The two-factor self-efficacy in sun protection scale was the most common measure for primary prevention, with acceptable reliability and validity. However, other instruments also showed reliable psychometric properties, especially measures of sunscreen self-efficacy.
CONCLUSION
More research in self-efficacy measurement is warranted to examine specific populations and determine the appropriate constructs of self-efficacy. It is crucial to design evidence-based interventions that affect self-efficacy, are measured by a reliable, valid instrument, and have the potential to increase sun-protective and screening behaviors.
PubMed: 38376080
DOI: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000879 -
Transcultural Psychiatry Aug 2023As psychological resilience has been increasingly recognized as contextually constructed, mixed methods studies that map out local ecologies of resilience have become... (Review)
Review
As psychological resilience has been increasingly recognized as contextually constructed, mixed methods studies that map out local ecologies of resilience have become increasingly common. However, the direct adaptation of quantitative tools for cross-cultural use based on qualitative findings has been relatively lacking. The current review aims to provide an overview of existing measures of resilience used cross-culturally and to synthesize the protective and promotive factors and processes (PPFP) of resilience identified within these measures into a single resource. A January 2021 search of PubMed for studies of the development of psychological resilience measures that excluded studies of non-psychological resilience yielded 58 unique measures. These measures contain 54 unique PPFP of resilience, ranging from individual to communal-level characteristics. This review is intended to serve as a complementary tool for adapting standardized measures for stakeholders requiring an assessment tool that is attuned to their context for mental health risk assessment and intervention evaluation.
Topics: Humans; Protective Factors; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Resilience, Psychological
PubMed: 37097913
DOI: 10.1177/13634615231167661 -
Respiratory Care Sep 2023The effect of application of fingernail polish on S measurement remains unclear. We conducted this systematic review to ascertain the impact of fingernail polish on S... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The effect of application of fingernail polish on S measurement remains unclear. We conducted this systematic review to ascertain the impact of fingernail polish on S measurement.
METHODS
We queried PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL databases for publications indexed through December 2022. We included studies providing paired S data from fingertips without and after nail polish application or reporting the number of subjects whose S could not be measured due to fingernail polish. We used random effects modeling to summarize standardized mean differences (SMDs) and corresponding 95% CI for different nail polish colors from comparative studies.
RESULTS
We retrieved 122 studies and included 21 publications, mostly performed on healthy volunteers. Of these, 17 (81.0%) studies had a low risk of bias. We summarized mean SMD for 10 nail polish colors (black, blue, brown, green, orange, pink, purple, red, white, and yellow) from 25 paired data sets on S across 20 studies. We found small (likely clinically insignificant) but statistically significant differences in mean S when fingers were coated with black, blue, brown, or purple nail polish (SMD -0.57, -0.47, -0.33, and -0.25, respectively; 95% CI -0.86 to -0.29, -0.84 to -0.10, -0.59 to -0.07, and -0.48 to -0.02, respectively). Only one of 4 studies reported a high proportion of unsuccessful oximeter readings from fingers painted with black (88.0%) or brown (36.0%) nail polish.
CONCLUSIONS
Although fingernail polish of some colors can marginally reduce S reading or occasionally impede S measurement, the variability is clinically insignificant.
Topics: Humans; Color; Cosmetics; Nails; Oximetry; Oxygen
PubMed: 37185113
DOI: 10.4187/respcare.10399