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Health Policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Nov 2023Human behavior and more specifically behavioral insight-based approaches to vaccine uptake have often been overlooked. While there have been a few narrative reviews... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Human behavior and more specifically behavioral insight-based approaches to vaccine uptake have often been overlooked. While there have been a few narrative reviews indexed in Medline on behavioral interventions to increase vaccine uptake, to our knowledge, none have been systematic reviews and meta-analyses covering not just high but also low-and-middle income countries.
METHODS
We included 613 studies from the Medline database in our systematic review and meta-analysis categorizing different behavioral interventions in 9 domains: education campaigns, on-site vaccination, incentives, free vaccination, institutional recommendation, provider recommendation, reminder and recall, message framing, and vaccine champion. Additionally, considering that there is variability in the acceptance of vaccines among different populations, we assessed studies from both high-income countries (HICs) and low- to middle-income countries (LMICs), separately.
FINDINGS
Our results showed that behavioral interventions can considerably improve vaccine uptake in most settings. All domains that we examined improved vaccine uptake with the highest effect size associated with provider recommendation (OR: 3.4 (95%CI: 2.5-4.6); Domain: motivation) and on-site vaccination (OR: 2.9 (95%CI: 2.3-3.7); Domain: practical issues). While the number of studies conducted in LMICs was smaller, the quality of studies was similar with those conducted in HICs. Nevertheless, there were variations in the observed effect sizes.
INTERPRETATION
Our findings indicate that "provider recommendation" and "on-site vaccination" along with other behavioral interventions can be employed to increase vaccination rates globally.
Topics: Humans; Vaccination; Vaccines; Motivation; Health Facilities; Databases, Factual
PubMed: 37714082
DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2023.104894 -
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Jun 2024Music is increasingly used in a wide array of settings, from clinical recovery to sports or well-being interventions. Motivation related to music is often considered as... (Review)
Review
Music is increasingly used in a wide array of settings, from clinical recovery to sports or well-being interventions. Motivation related to music is often considered as a possible working mechanism for music to facilitate these processes, however this has not previously been systematically evaluated. The current systematic review considered studies that involved music (therapy) interventions, together with motivation-related measures such as wanting to practise, liking the musical activities, or patient adherence to an intervention. Our objective was to examine whether music is related to increased motivation in task performance and/or rehabilitation settings, and whether this is in turn related to better clinical or training outcomes. Seventy-nine studies met the inclusion criteria, the majority of which (85%) indicated an increased level of motivation with music as compared to without. Moreover, in those studies where motivation was increased, clinical or other outcomes were improved in most cases (90%). These results support the notion of motivation as an underlying mechanism of music-based interventions, but more robust evidence is needed to ascertain which mechanisms are crucial in increasing motivation from a behavioural, cognitive, and neurobiological point of view, as well as how motivational mechanisms relate to other factors of effectiveness in music-based paradigms.
Topics: Humans; Motivation; Music Therapy; Adult
PubMed: 37340969
DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2023.2224033 -
Addiction (Abingdon, England) Dec 2023Craving is central in the definition of addictive disorders because of its diagnostic and prognostic value. Its measurement is essential in clinical practice. Previous... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Craving is central in the definition of addictive disorders because of its diagnostic and prognostic value. Its measurement is essential in clinical practice. Previous reviews provided a better overview of existing instruments; however, they do not consider emerging substances and behaviors such as sexual addictions. Our objectives were threefold: (1) to provide a systematic review of craving assessment instruments and their psychometric characteristics within a transdiagnostic approach, (2) to highlight and map their conceptual relationships and (3) to identify potential sexual craving assessment instruments.
METHODS
The review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. The PubMed, Embase, PsychInfo and Cochrane/Central databases were searched for publications that met the following inclusion criterion: validation studies of craving assessment instruments, regardless of target substance or behavior. The original search identified 4561 references and included 147 articles. Each selected study was a peer-reviewed publication.
RESULTS
This review provides a synthesis of the psychometric properties of 36 original instruments and identified 93 variations of these instruments (e.g. translations). We were able to highlight five transdiagnostic families of instruments, each corresponding to a conceptual model. Only one instrument for assessing craving in the domain of compulsive sexual behavior, focused on pornography use, has been identified: the Pornography Craving Questionnaire.
CONCLUSION
This review mapped all craving assessment instruments from a transdiagnostic perspective, finding 36 original instruments and 93 variations. The evolution of instruments to measure craving mirrors the evolution of the concept of craving which has progressively integrated cognitive, conditioning and sensory dimensions, and attests to the importance of the context of assessment. Development of an instrument to measure 'sexual craving' is needed and could be based on the data from our review.
Topics: Humans; Craving; Sexual Behavior; Behavior, Addictive; Compulsive Behavior; Surveys and Questionnaires; Psychometrics
PubMed: 37493019
DOI: 10.1111/add.16287 -
International Journal of Nursing Studies Oct 2023Pressure ulcers are a major health concern. They have a significant impact on the healthcare system and individuals, reducing quality of life across several domains. In... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Pressure ulcers are a major health concern. They have a significant impact on the healthcare system and individuals, reducing quality of life across several domains. In community settings, self-management behaviours are central to their prevention. However, adherence with pressure ulcer prevention guidelines remains low, with little evidence guiding the relationship between patients and healthcare professionals to establish a concordant partnership.
OBJECTIVE
To synthesise evidence on factors contributing to community-based pressure ulcer prevention using the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behaviour (COM-B) model of behaviour.
DESIGN
Mixed methods systematic review and narrative synthesis.
METHOD
Systematic searches were conducted in the CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases on 14th December 2022. Studies were eligible if they contained data on the factors associated with adherence and concordance with pressure ulcer prevention guidelines in the community for patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals. Methodological quality was assessed using the Hawker tool. Findings were synthesised using the Theoretical Domains Framework. The resulting themes were mapped onto the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behaviour (COM-B) model.
RESULTS
Thirty studies were included in the review, including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research. The synthesis identified 12 of the 14 Theoretical Domains Framework domains, with knowledge, social influences, beliefs about consequences, and beliefs about capabilities the most prevalent. Although knowledge appears to be an important contributor to adherence with prevention guidelines, knowledge alone does not appear sufficient to achieve concordance. A concordant relationship was facilitated by healthcare professionals' knowledge, motivation to work alongside patients and their priorities, and interpersonal skills to build rapport and trust, whilst barriers included lack of healthcare professional skills to navigate sensitive issues, paternalistic views of patient compliance and organisational processes that impact building rapport.
CONCLUSIONS
Several psychosocial factors may affect the ability to achieve concordance between individuals, caregivers and healthcare professionals with pressure ulcer prevention guidelines in the community. However, data regarding the efficacy of behaviour change interventions targeting these constructs is limited, with further research required to guide intervention development in this area.
Topics: Humans; Pressure Ulcer; Quality of Life; Motivation; Health Personnel; Patient Compliance; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 37542960
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104561 -
Trauma, Violence & Abuse Dec 2023Attacks perpetrated using acid are a particular form of interpersonal violence, possibly one of the most heinous manifestations of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV). Acid... (Review)
Review
Attacks perpetrated using acid are a particular form of interpersonal violence, possibly one of the most heinous manifestations of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV). Acid attacks are mainly motivated by extramarital cheating, marital conflicts, women's rejection of marriage proposals, and sexual advances. As these attacks are not well understood from a psychological perspective, we conducted a systematic review, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, of 284 articles identified, 13 were eligible for inclusion. Three main focuses were identified: "Risk and vulnerability factors," "Consequences and implications," and "Interventions and treatments." Acid attacks seem to be more frequent in countries where social and economic development leads to greater tensions over traditional gender roles like Bangladesh, Pakistan, and India. Identified risk factors were young age, low socioeconomic status, low educational attainment, ethnicity, unemployment status of the victim, alcohol, and drug use of the perpetrator. Among the main psychosocial consequences of acid attacks, isolation and social exclusion emerged. Additionally, the paper will discuss the role of mental health consequences and specific treatments from psychological, clinical, and medical-legal points of view.
Topics: Female; Humans; Family Conflict; Gender-Based Violence; Intimate Partner Violence; Risk Factors; Sexual Behavior
PubMed: 36062902
DOI: 10.1177/15248380221121288 -
Heliyon Dec 2023According to the 2014 National Physical Fitness and Health Monitor, people aged 9 to 22 exhibit limited physical activity, with a large proportion exercising for less...
BACKGROUND
According to the 2014 National Physical Fitness and Health Monitor, people aged 9 to 22 exhibit limited physical activity, with a large proportion exercising for less than 1 h daily. China has focused on the study of college student sports motivation. This study comprehensively analyzed sports motivation studies and their relevant factors on Chinese college students.
METHODS
The researchers searched CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), WANFANG DATA, Cqvip, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library for sports motivation in Chinese college students. Articles from 2018 to 2023 were searched. The final analysis included 30 pieces of literatures that met the topic criteria.
RESULTS
The results show that Chinese college students' sports motivation studies used large sample sizes and covered most of China. The main sports motivations are health, shape, and relaxation. Demography, psychology, social support, physical environment, and policy aspects affect sports motivation. Lack of use of qualitative and longitudinal studies.
CONCLUSION
In the future, scholars who research the sports motivation of Chinese college students need to pay more attention to social support, physical environment, and policy. Furthermore, scholars may try to use qualitative and longitudinal studies.
PubMed: 38090013
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22518 -
Evaluation & the Health Professions Oct 2023This systematic review aimed to identify and compare instruments measuring nurses' organizational well-being, summarise the dimensions measured by these instruments, the... (Review)
Review
This systematic review aimed to identify and compare instruments measuring nurses' organizational well-being, summarise the dimensions measured by these instruments, the statistical analysis performed for validity evidence and identify an instrument that comprehensively investigates nurses' organizational well-being. The JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis and the PRISMA checklist were used as guidelines. The search was conducted on Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Scopus. Critical appraisal and data extraction were drawn on the COSMIN checklist. Dimensions were conceptually synthesized by the measurement concepts' similarity. Twenty-two articles were retrieved and they included 21 instruments that measured nurses' organizational well-being. The instruments vary by dimension number (range 2-19), items (range 12-118) and concept elicitation. A plurality of methodologies has been used in instrument development and assessments of evidence for validity. Only four instruments reported a concurrent criterion validity or a measurement comparison with an already tested-for-validity instrument. Similar dimensions were leadership and support, relationships and communication, work-family balance, work demands, violence, control and autonomy, satisfaction and motivation, work environment and resources, careers, and organizational policy. This review underlines the core areas of the instruments that measure nursing organizational well-being. It allows administrators and researchers to choose the appropriate instruments for monitoring this multidimensional concept.
PubMed: 37857313
DOI: 10.1177/01632787231207018 -
American Journal of Kidney Diseases :... Oct 2023COVID-19 disproportionately affects people with comorbidities, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). We describe the impact of COVID-19 on people with CKD and their...
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE
COVID-19 disproportionately affects people with comorbidities, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). We describe the impact of COVID-19 on people with CKD and their caregivers.
STUDY DESIGN
A systematic review of qualitative studies.
SETTING & STUDY POPULATIONS
Primary studies that reported the experiences and perspectives of adults with CKD and/or caregivers were eligible.
SEARCH STRATEGY & SOURCES
MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL searched from database inception to October 2022.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two authors independently screened the search results. Full texts of potentially relevant studies were assessed for eligibility. Any discrepancies were resolved by discussion with another author.
ANALYTICAL APPROACH
A thematic synthesis was used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
Thirty-four studies involving 1,962 participants were included. Four themes were identified: exacerbating vulnerability and distress (looming threat of COVID-19 infection, intensifying isolation, aggravating pressure on families); uncertainty in accessing health care (overwhelmed by disruption of care, confused by lack of reliable information, challenged by adapting to telehealth, skeptical about vaccine efficacy and safety); coping with self-management (waning fitness due to decreasing physical activity, diminishing ability to manage diet, difficulty managing fluid restrictions, minimized burden with telehealth, motivating confidence and autonomy); and strengthening sense of safety and support (protection from lockdown restrictions, increasing trust in care, strengthened family connection).
LIMITATIONS
Non-English studies were excluded, and inability to delineate themes based on stage of kidney and treatment modality.
CONCLUSIONS
Uncertainty in accessing health care during the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated vulnerability, emotional distress, and burden, and led to reduced capacity to self-manage among patients with CKD and their caregivers. Optimizing telehealth and access to educational and psychosocial support may improve self-management and the quality and effectiveness of care during a pandemic, mitigating potentially catastrophic consequences for people with CKD.
PLAIN-LANGUAGE SUMMARY
During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) faced barriers and challenges to accessing care and were at an increased risk of worsened health outcomes. To understand the perspectives about the impact of COVID-19 among patients with CKD and their caregivers, we conducted a systematic review of 34 studies involving 1,962 participants. Our findings demonstrated that uncertainty in accessing care during the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the vulnerability, distress, and burden of patients and impaired their abilities for self-management. Optimizing the use of telehealth and providing education and psychosocial services may mitigate the potential consequences for people with CKD during a pandemic.
Topics: Adult; Humans; COVID-19; Pandemics; Communicable Disease Control; Qualitative Research; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
PubMed: 37330133
DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.04.001 -
BMC Public Health Aug 2023Smoking cessation can effectively reduce the risk of death, alleviate respiratory symptoms, and decrease the frequency of acute exacerbations in patients with chronic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Smoking cessation can effectively reduce the risk of death, alleviate respiratory symptoms, and decrease the frequency of acute exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Effective smoking cessation strategies are crucial for the prevention and treatment of COPD. Currently, clinical interventions based on theoretical frameworks are being increasingly used to help patients quit smoking and have shown promising results. However, theory-guided smoking cessation interventions have not been systematically evaluated or meta-analyzed for their effectiveness in COPD patients. To improve smoking cessation rates, this study sought to examine the effects of theory-based smoking cessation interventions on COPD patients.
METHODS
We adhered to the PRISMA guidelines for our systematic review and meta-analysis. The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Wanfang, CNKI, VIP Information Services Platform, and China Biomedical Literature Service System were searched from the establishment of the database to April 20, 2023. The study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk assessment tool for bias. The revman5.4 software was used for meta-analysis. The I test was used for the heterogeneity test, the random effect model and fixed effect model were used for meta-analysis, and sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding individual studies.
RESULTS
A total of 11 RCTs involving 3,830 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Results showed that theory-based smoking cessation interventions improved smoking cessation rates, quality of life, and lung function in COPD patients compared to conventional nursing. However, these interventions did not significantly affect the level of nicotine dependence in patients.
CONCLUSION
Theory-based smoking cessation intervention as a non-pharmacologically assisted smoking cessation strategy has a positive impact on motivating COPD patients to quit smoking and improving their lung function and quality of life.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO registration Number: CRD42023434357.
Topics: Humans; Smoking Cessation; Quality of Life; Behavior Therapy; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Smoking
PubMed: 37559043
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16441-w -
International Journal of Medical... Dec 2023Motivation and objective: Emergency medicine is becoming a popular application area for artificial intelligence methods but remains less investigated than other... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Motivation and objective: Emergency medicine is becoming a popular application area for artificial intelligence methods but remains less investigated than other healthcare branches. The need for time-sensitive decision-making on the basis of high data volumes makes the use of quantitative technologies inevitable. However, the specifics of healthcare regulations impose strict requirements for such applications. Published contributions cover separate parts of emergency medicine and use disparate data and algorithms. This study aims to systematize the relevant contributions, investigate the main obstacles to artificial intelligence applications in emergency medicine, and propose directions for further studies.
METHODS
The contributions selection process was conducted with systematic electronic databases querying and filtering with respect to established exclusion criteria. Among the 380 papers gathered from IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, Springer Library, ScienceDirect, and Nature databases 116 were considered to be a part of the survey. The main features of the selected papers are the focus on emergency medicine and the use of machine learning or deep learning algorithms.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
The selected papers were classified into two branches: diagnostics-specific and triage-specific. The former ones are focused on either diagnosis prediction or decision support. The latter covers such applications as mortality, outcome, admission prediction, condition severity estimation, and urgent care prediction. The observed contributions are highly specialized within a single disease or medical operation and often use privately collected retrospective data, making them incomparable. These and other issues can be addressed by creating an end-to-end solution based on human-machine interaction.
CONCLUSION
Artificial intelligence applications are finding their place in emergency medicine, while most of the corresponding studies remain isolated and lack higher generalization and more sophisticated methodology, which can be a matter of forthcoming improvements.
Topics: Humans; Artificial Intelligence; Retrospective Studies; Algorithms; Emergency Medicine; Machine Learning
PubMed: 37944275
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2023.105274