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Clinical Oral Investigations Mar 2024To investigate the oral manifestations in women of reproductive age using hormonal contraceptive methods. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the oral manifestations in women of reproductive age using hormonal contraceptive methods.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This review is based on the PRISMA statement. A literature search incorporated observational studies from the last 21 years. An investigative question was formulated using the PICO model, studies were selected, and a quality analysis was performed using the modified STROBE guidelines. A bibliometric analysis was performed, and the data were examined.
RESULTS
Thirteen articles were included, with the majority evaluating periodontal status. Others analyzed factors such as the presence of alveolar osteitis, oral candidiasis, and salivary microbiome dysbiosis. Ten articles were deemed to have a low risk of bias.
CONCLUSIONS
Hormonal contraceptives may increase the risk of alveolar osteitis following tooth extraction and increase the presence of the Candida species in the oral cavity. They also affect the periodontium, such as the frequent development of gingivitis, but do not lead to changes in the salivary microbiome.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The increasing number of women using hormonal contraceptives and the knowledge that these contraceptives can produce oral cavity alterations underscore the need to evaluate the oral manifestations found in these women.
Topics: Female; Humans; Dry Socket; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Periodontium; Gingivitis; Contraception
PubMed: 38427087
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05573-x -
BMC Oral Health Dec 2023Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can cause a range of symptoms, including oral mucosal lesions (OMLs). The prevalence of OMLs in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can cause a range of symptoms, including oral mucosal lesions (OMLs). The prevalence of OMLs in SLE patients and their associated factors have been studied in various regions, but the results are inconsistent. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of OMLs in patients with SLE.
METHODS
Observational studies of OML prevalence in SLE patients published before 2022 were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library without language restriction. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ).
RESULTS
Our meta-analysis included 113 studies with a total of 53,307 SLE patients. We found that the prevalence of OMLs in SLE patients was 31% (95% CI: 28%, 35%), with oral ulcers being present in 30% of SLE patients (95% CI: 26%, 33%). Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of OMLs varied significantly by region, disease activity, and sample size (p ≤ 0.01). However, gender and year of publication had little effect on the prevalence of OMLs (p = 0.78 and 0.30, respectively). Oral ulcers were significantly associated with age of onset (p = 0.02), geographic location (p < 0.01), and race (p < 0.01). We also found that the prevalence of oral erythema was 9%, oral candidiasis was 9%, petechiae was 8%, cheilitis was 6%, and white plaque was 3%.
CONCLUSIONS
Our analysis showed that the prevalence of OMLs varied significantly by region and disease activity, and child-onset patients of Indian, Malay, and Caucasian descent were more likely to have oral ulcers. The high prevalence of OML in SLE patients emphasizes the importance of regular oral examination and management in the comprehensive care of individuals with SLE.
Topics: Humans; Oral Ulcer; Prevalence; Candidiasis, Oral; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 38129844
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03783-5 -
Archives of Dermatological Research Oct 2023Sweating is a physiologic mechanism of human thermoregulation. Hyperhidrosis is defined as a somatic disorder where the sweating is exaggerated in an exact area because... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Sweating is a physiologic mechanism of human thermoregulation. Hyperhidrosis is defined as a somatic disorder where the sweating is exaggerated in an exact area because the sweat glands are hyperfunctioning. It negatively affects the quality of life of the patients. We aim to investigate patient satisfaction and the effectiveness of oxybutynin in treating hyperhidrosis.
METHODS
We prospectively registered the protocol of this systematic review and meta-analysis on PROSPERO (CRD 42022342667). This systematic review and meta-analysis were reported according to the PRISMA statement guidelines. We searched three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) from inception until June 2, 2022, using MeSH terms. We include studies comparing patients with hyperhidrosis who received oxybutynin or a placebo. We assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool (ROB2) for randomized controlled trials. The risk ratio was calculated for categorical variables, and the mean difference was calculated for continuous variables using the random effect model with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
RESULTS
Six studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a total of 293 patients. In all studies, patients were assigned to receive either Oxybutynin or Placebo. Oxybutynin represented an HDSS improvement (RR = 1.68 95% CI [1.21, 2.33], p = 0.002). It also can improve the quality of life. There is no difference between oxybutynin and placebo regarding dry mouth (RR = 1.68 95% CI [1.21, 2.33], p = 0.002).
CONCLUSION
Our study suggests that using oxybutynin as a treatment for hyperhidrosis is significant and needs to be highlighted for clinicians. However, more clinical trials are needed to grasp the optimum benefit.
Topics: Humans; Treatment Outcome; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Hyperhidrosis
PubMed: 36869926
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02587-5 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2023The objective of the study was to compare the expression of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) (non-transformed group) to those of oral... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Comparison of Immunohistochemical Markers in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Submucous Fibrosis Transformed to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
The objective of the study was to compare the expression of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) (non-transformed group) to those of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) transformed from OSMF (transformed group). The search for comparative cross-sectional studies was carried out in PubMed and Scopus abiding to the PICO criteria, where expression of IHC markers in OSMF were compared with that of OSCC transformed from OSMF. The cellular distribution, number of positive cases, staining intensity, and mean immunoreactive score (IRS) of each IHC marker were evaluated in both groups. A total of 14 studies were included in the systematic review, in which immunoexpression of 15 epithelial and 4 connective tissue biomarkers were evaluated. Expression of β1-integrin, OCT-3, CD1a, CD207, survivin, Dickkopf-1, COX-2, hTERT, CTGF, MDM2, Ki-67, and α-SMA were increased during transformation of OSMF to OSCC. Conversely, expression of PTEN and lysyl oxidase decreased during transformation of OSMF to OSCC. Expression of a group of epithelial markers, such as COX2, hTERT, CTGF, survivin, MDM2, and p53, was 38 times lower in the non-transformed group cases compared to transformed group cases (95% CI: 58% to 10%; = 0.01; and I = 90%). Meta-analysis of all markers involved in cell metabolism/apoptosis, which included β1-integrin along with the above markers also suggested 42 times lower expression in the non-transformed group as compared to the transformed group (95% CI: 58% to 10%; = 0.01; and I = 90%). Sub-group analyses on cytoplasmic and nuclear epithelial markers were inconclusive. Meta-analysis of connective tissue markers was also inconclusive. No publication bias was found. Instead of delving into numerous markers without a strong basis for their use, it is advisable to further study the markers identified in this study to explore their clinical utility.
Topics: Humans; Oral Submucous Fibrosis; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Mouth Neoplasms; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Survivin; Cross-Sectional Studies; Integrin beta1; Head and Neck Neoplasms
PubMed: 37511530
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411771 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... Sep 2023Third molar extraction can cause surgical trauma, which is associated with pain, edema, trismus, and functional limitations. The aim of the present systematic review was... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Third molar extraction can cause surgical trauma, which is associated with pain, edema, trismus, and functional limitations. The aim of the present systematic review was to investigate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) following the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars.
METHODS
An electronic search was conducted in 10 databases from inception up to October 2021 and the grey literature, with no restrictions regarding language or year of publication. Randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT) were included. Studies that were not RCTs were excluded. Reviewers independently analyzed titles and abstracts, followed by full-text analysis. This systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The exposure variable was the use of PBM and the outcomes were pain, edema, and trismus. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. The estimate was calculated considering standardized mean differences (SMD) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) obtained for each outcome on the first, second, third and seventh postoperative days. The level of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach.
RESULTS
The search resulted in the 3,324 records. Thirty-three RCTs were included in the systematic review and 23 of these were included in the meta-analyses. The studies involved a total of 1,347 participants (56.6% female and 43.4% male) between 16 and 44 years of age. A greater reduction in pain was found in the PBM group compared to the control group on the third postoperative day (SMD: -1.09; 95% CI: -1.63; -0.55; P < .001; low certainty). Edema was discretely lower in the PBM group on the second postoperative day (SMD: -0.61; 95% CI: -1.09; -0.13; P < .001; low certainty) and trismus was discretely lower in the PBM group on the seventh postoperative day (SMD: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.00; 0.96; P < .001; very low certainty).
CONCLUSION
The evidence of the effect of PBM regarding the control of pain, edema, and trismus following third molar extractions is low or very low.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Molar, Third; Trismus; Pain, Postoperative; Tooth Extraction; Tooth, Impacted; Edema
PubMed: 37290483
DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2023.05.007 -
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Aug 2023Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with cell-induced immunopathological responses and is considered a potential malignancy disorder in the oral... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with cell-induced immunopathological responses and is considered a potential malignancy disorder in the oral cavity. Due to the high prevalence of OLP as well as the potential for malignancy, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) may play an important role in it. Although previous studies have explored the possible relationship between HPV and OLP, the findings have been conflicting and nonconclusive. This study aims to review the studies that investigated HPV-16 and HPV-18 in OLP.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
The research protocol followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA2020) checklist. The online databases Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane were searched using the following individual keywords: "OLP" OR "Oral Lichen Planus" OR "HPV" OR "Human Papillomavirus." The search strategy resulted in the selection of 80 articles. The articles were evaluated, and after duplication removal, 53 abstracts were reviewed, resulting in the selection of 25 studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The risk of bias assessment was done by using the Modified Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. The overall prevalence of HPV in OLP lesions varied from 2.7% to 70%, depending on the type of diagnostic method used.
CONCLUSION
Despite the studies conducted on the relationship between OLP and HPV infection, there is still no conclusive evidence that HPV can play a role in the etiopathogenesis of OLP, either in clinical manifestations or in the malignant transformation of lesions.
Topics: Humans; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Mouth; Databases, Factual; Lichen Planus
PubMed: 37647448
DOI: 10.1002/iid3.960 -
The Lancet. Microbe Oct 2023Pulmonary tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be challenging to diagnose when sputum samples cannot be obtained, which is especially problematic in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Pulmonary tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be challenging to diagnose when sputum samples cannot be obtained, which is especially problematic in children and older people. We systematically appraised the performance characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of upper respiratory tract sampling for diagnosing active pulmonary tuberculosis.
METHODS
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Cinahl, Web of Science, Global Health, and Global Health Archive databases for studies published between database inception and Dec 6, 2022 that reported on the accuracy of upper respiratory tract sampling for tuberculosis diagnosis compared with microbiological testing of sputum or gastric aspirate reference standard. We included studies that evaluated the accuracy of upper respiratory tract sampling (laryngeal swabs, nasopharyngeal aspirate, oral swabs, saliva, mouth wash, nasal swabs, plaque samples, and nasopharyngeal swabs) to be tested for microbiological diagnosis of tuberculous (by culture and nucleic acid amplification tests) compared with a reference standard using either sputum or gastric lavage for a microbiological test. We included cohort, case-control, cross-sectional, and randomised controlled studies that recruited participants from any community or clinical setting. We excluded post-mortem studies. We used a random-effects meta-analysis with a bivariate hierarchical model to estimate pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostics odds ratio (DOR; odds of a positive test with disease relative to without), stratified by sampling method. We assessed bias using QUADAS-2 criteria. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021262392).
FINDINGS
We screened 10 159 titles for inclusion, reviewed 274 full texts, and included 71, comprising 119 test comparisons published between May 13, 1933, and Dec 19, 2022, in the systematic review (53 in the meta-analysis). For laryngeal swabs, pooled sensitivity was 57·8% (95% CI 50·5-65·0), specificity was 93·8% (88·4-96·8), and DOR was 20·7 (11·1-38·8). Nasopharyngeal aspirate sensitivity was 65·2% (52·0-76·4), specificity was 97·9% (96·0-99·0), and DOR was 91·0 (37·8-218·8). Oral swabs sensitivity was 56·7% (44·3-68·2), specificity was 91·3% (CI 81·0-96·3), and DOR was 13·8 (5·6-34·0). Substantial heterogeneity in diagnostic accuracy was found, probably due to differences in reference and index standards.
INTERPRETATION
Upper respiratory tract sampling holds promise to expand access to tuberculosis diagnosis. Exploring historical methods using modern microbiological techniques might further increase options for alternative sample types. Prospective studies are needed to optimise accuracy and utility of sampling methods in clinical practice.
FUNDING
UK Medical Research Council, Wellcome, and UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office.
Topics: Child; Humans; Aged; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; Respiratory System
PubMed: 37714173
DOI: 10.1016/S2666-5247(23)00190-8 -
Journal of the American Dental... Oct 2023Identifying the presence of teeth in newborns is important as it may require immediate care. This study aimed to determine the worldwide prevalence of natal and neonatal... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Identifying the presence of teeth in newborns is important as it may require immediate care. This study aimed to determine the worldwide prevalence of natal and neonatal teeth.
TYPE OF STUDIES REVIEWED
Six electronic databases and the gray literature were searched on February 23, 2023 to identify observational studies reporting the prevalence of natal or neonatal teeth. Studies assuming natal and neonatal teeth as identical terms or not reporting prevalence indicators were excluded. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for studies reporting prevalence data. The worldwide prevalence of natal and neonatal teeth was estimated via proportion meta-analysis using a β-binomial model. Heterogeneity across studies was explored via subgroup analyses and meta-regression.
RESULTS
None of the 23 included studies fulfilled all items of the methodological quality checklist. The worldwide prevalence of natal teeth was 34.55 (95% CI, 20.12 to 59.26) per 10,000, and the prevalence of neonatal teeth was 4.52 (95% CI, 2.59 to 17.91) per 10,000. Subgroup analysis by continent showed that the prevalence of natal teeth ranged from 11.26 (95% CI, 7.58 to 16.61) per 10,000 in Asia through 75.32 (95% CI, 51.11 to 99.86) per 10,000 in North America, and the prevalence of neonatal teeth ranged from 3.52 (95% CI, 1.73 to 7.06) per 10,000 in Europe through 6.01 (95% CI, 2.25 to 16.60) per 10,000 in South America. Meta-regression did not find a statistically significant association between prevalence rates and year of publication or sample size.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
Approximately 1 in 289 newborns had natal teeth and 1 in 2,212 had neonatal teeth. Although this is not a high prevalence, professionals must be alert to identify these conditions, which often require immediate care.
Topics: Humans; Infant, Newborn; Natal Teeth; Prevalence
PubMed: 37598330
DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2023.06.017 -
The Journal of Evidence-based Dental... Sep 2023This study aimed to evaluate the impact of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and its different severities on various aspects of oral health-related quality of life... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and its different severities on various aspects of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children between 8 and 10 years of age.
DATA SOURCES
The search terms were chosen according to the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and non-MeSH. Potentially eligible studies involved the OHRQoL evaluation in 8-10 years old children with MIH. An electronic search of published studies was carried out in August 2022 on Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases. Of 130 papers retrieved initially, 21 were eligible to be included in the systematic review, of which 8 were excluded. The OHRQoL questionnaires used in the studies included Caregivers Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ) 8-10, Child Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire, and Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performances questionnaire. Nine studies using CPQ8-10 contributed to the meta-analysis.
RESULTS
According to meta-analysis, the results revealed that in MIH children a significant increase was observed in the total score of CPQ 810 with the pooled mean of 15.89 (95% confidence interval [CI]:8.95-22.84; P-value = .001) and in oral symptoms, functional limitation and emotional well-being domains with the pooled means of 6.25 (95% CI:4.01-8.50; P-value = .001), 3.88 (95% CI:1.93-5.83; P-value = 0.001), and 3.24 (95% CI:0.96-5.52; P-value = .01), respectively. While the increase in social well-being with the pooled mean of 1.65 (95% CI: -0.47 to 3.76; P-value = .13) was not significant. Subgroup analysis based on MIH severity showed no significant difference in OHRQoL means for all variables.
CONCLUSION
Suffering from MIH, negatively affected the total score and all domains of the CPQ 8-10 questionnaire, except for social well-being. Furthermore, different severities of MIH had no significant impact on OHRQoL in children.
Topics: Humans; Child; Molar Hypomineralization; Quality of Life; Molar
PubMed: 37689450
DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2023.101889 -
The Japanese Dental Science Review Dec 2024Oral cancer became a very common condition. WHO estimates that there are 4 cases of lip and oral cavity cancer for every 100,000 people worldwide. The early diagnosis of... (Review)
Review
Salivary biomarkers for early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and head/neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC): A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Oral cancer became a very common condition. WHO estimates that there are 4 cases of lip and oral cavity cancer for every 100,000 people worldwide. The early diagnosis of cancers is currently a top focus in the health sector. Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses have identified promising biomarkers for early detection in several original research investigations. However, it is still unclear the quality of these evidence and which biomarker performs the best in terms of early detection. Therefore, the objective was, to map the methodological and reporting quality of available oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) or head/neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Secondly, to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of salivary biomarkers for common craniofacial cancers and to compare the diagnostic value of different salivary biomarkers. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library electronic databases were used to map the methodological and reporting quality of the systematic reviews and meta-analysis conducted on the HNSCC, OSCC using the AMSTAR-2 checklist. The inclusion criteria were systematic reviews and meta-analysis published in the topic of HNSCC and OSCC biomarkers. Exclusion criteria were no animal studies; original primary studies, due to limitation of competency in other languages articles with language other than English were excluded. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated for salivary biomarkers and ranked according to network meta-analysis principles. A total of N = 5893 patients were included from four meta-analysis studies. All together, these included n = 37 primary studies. n = 94 biomarkers were pooled from these four meta-analyses and categorised into the stages at which they were detected (I-IV). In OSCC, Chemerin and MMP-9 displayed the highest sensitivity, registering 0.94 (95% CI 0.78, 1.00) and a balanced accuracy of 0.93. Phytosphingosine closely followed, with a sensitivity of 0.91 (95% CI 0.68, 0.99) and a balanced accuracy of 0.87. For HNSCC, the top three biomarkers are Actin, IL-1β Singleplex, and IL-8 ELISA. Actin leads with a sensitivity of 0.91 (95% CI 0.68-0.99), a specificity of 0.67, and an overall accuracy of 0.79. Subsequently, IL-1β Singleplex exhibits a sensitivity of 0.62 (95% CI 0.30-0.88), a specificity of 0.89, and an accuracy of 0.75, followed by IL-8 ELISA with a sensitivity of 0.81 (95% CI 0.54-0.97), a specificity of 0.59, and an accuracy of 0.70. In conclusion, there was highest sensitivity for MMP-9 and chemerin salivary biomarkers. There is need of further more studies to identify biomarkers for HNSCC and OSCC.
PubMed: 38204964
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.10.003