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Transsulfuration and folate pathways in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.European Journal of Clinical... Apr 2024Metabolomic assessment of the transsulfuration and folic acid biochemical pathways could lead to the identification of promising biomarkers of nitric oxide dysregulation... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Metabolomic assessment of the transsulfuration and folic acid biochemical pathways could lead to the identification of promising biomarkers of nitric oxide dysregulation and oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of transsulfuration (methionine, homocysteine, and cysteine) and folic acid (folic acid, vitamin B , and vitamin B ) metabolites in RA patients in remission and healthy controls. Electronic databases were searched from inception to 15 July 2023 for relevant articles. We assessed the risk of bias using the JBI checklist and the certainty of evidence using GRADE.
RESULTS
In 28 eligible studies, compared to controls, RA patients had significantly higher concentrations of homocysteine (standardized mean difference, SMD = 0.74, 95% CI 0.54-0.93, p < 0.001; low certainty of evidence) and methionine (SMD = 1.00, 95% CI 0.57-1.44, p < 0.001; low certainty) and lower concentrations of vitamin B (SMD = -6.62, 95% CI -9.65 to -3.60, p < 0.001; low certainty). By contrast, there were non-significant between-group differences in vitamin B and folic acid. In meta-regression and subgroup analysis, there were no associations between the effect size and several study and patient characteristics except for homocysteine (year of publication, C-reactive protein, triglycerides, and analytical method) and folic acid (biological matrix).
CONCLUSIONS
The results of our study suggest that homocysteine, methionine, and vitamin B are promising biomarkers to assess nitric oxide dysregulation and oxidative stress in RA. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023461081).
Topics: Humans; Folic Acid; Nitric Oxide; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Methionine; Vitamins; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biomarkers; Homocysteine
PubMed: 38214126
DOI: 10.1111/eci.14158 -
Phytotherapy Research : PTR Aug 2023Oxidative stress (OS) is a key factor involved in the initiation and development of chronic diseases. Despite its widespread acceptance as an antioxidant, the effects of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Oxidative stress (OS) is a key factor involved in the initiation and development of chronic diseases. Despite its widespread acceptance as an antioxidant, the effects of ginseng on OS in human clinical trials have not been comprehensively analyzed. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize the results of previous randomized clinical trials (RCTs) examining the impact of ginseng consumption on OS indicators. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched for articles on the effects of ginseng consumption on oxidative stress markers up to March 20, 2023. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess effect sizes. Twelve RCTs with 15 effect sizes revealed that the effects of ginseng lowered serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (SMD = 0.45, 95% CI: -0.87, -0.08; p = 0.03) and significantly increased the serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.45; p = 0.04), oxidative dismutase (SOD) (SMD = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.57; p < 0.0001), glutathione (GSH) (SMD = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.61; p = 0.005), and glutathione reductase (GR) (SMD = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.81; p < 0.0001) levels compared to the effects of placebo. However, the effects on serum glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) were not significant. Moreover, subgroup analysis based on intervention duration showed that ginseng consumption increased GPx (SMD = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.78; p = 0.039) and CAT (SMD = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.27, 1.21; p = 0.002) levels after more than 4 weeks of intervention. According to the results of this meta-analysis, ginseng supplementation dramatically reduced MDA levels and increased TAC, SOD, GSH, and GR levels. Our results open up a new line of defense against oxidative stress-induced diseases.
Topics: Humans; Antioxidants; Dietary Supplements; Panax; Oxidative Stress; Biomarkers; Glutathione Peroxidase; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 37216939
DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7893 -
Journal of Thermal Biology Jan 2024Cold water immersion (CWI) evokes the life-threatening reflex cold shock response (CSR), inducing hyperventilation, increasing cardiac arrhythmias, and increasing... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Cold water immersion (CWI) evokes the life-threatening reflex cold shock response (CSR), inducing hyperventilation, increasing cardiac arrhythmias, and increasing drowning risk by impairing safety behaviour. Repeated CWI induces CSR habituation (i.e., diminishing response with same stimulus magnitude) after ∼4 immersions, with variation between studies. We quantified the magnitude and coefficient of variation (CoV) in the CSR in a systematic review and meta-analysis with search terms entered to Medline, SportDiscus, PsychINFO, Pubmed, and Cochrane Central Register. Random effects meta-analyses, including effect sizes (Cohen's d) from 17 eligible groups (k), were conducted for heart rate (HR, n = 145, k = 17), respiratory frequency (f, n = 73, k = 12), minute ventilation (V, n = 106, k = 10) and tidal volume (V, n = 46, k=6). All CSR variables habituated (p < 0.001) with large or moderate pooled effect sizes: ΔHR -14 (10) bt. min (d: -1.19); Δf -8 (7) br. min (d: -0.78); ΔV, -21.3 (9.8) L. min (d: -1.64); ΔV -0.4 (0.3) L . Variation was greatest in V (control vs comparator immersion: 32.5&24.7%) compared to V (11.8&12.1%). Repeated CWI induces CSR habituation potentially reducing drowning risk. We consider the neurophysiological and behavioural consequences.
Topics: Humans; Cold-Shock Response; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Drowning; Water; Respiratory Rate; Cold Temperature; Immersion
PubMed: 38211547
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103775 -
BMC Oral Health Dec 2023We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize all studies that reported the level of oxidative and antioxidative markers in recurrent aphthous... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize all studies that reported the level of oxidative and antioxidative markers in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) patients compared to controls.
METHODS
We registered our study in PROSPERO (CRD42023431310). PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched to find relevant publications up to June 5, 2023. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. We included 30 articles after multiple stags of screening.
RESULTS
We found that erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and Glutathione peroxidase activity were significantly lower in patients with RAS compared to healthy controls (SMD = - 1.00, 95%CI = -1.79 to -0.21, p = 0.013, and SMD = - 1.90, 95%CI = -3.43 to -0.38, p = 0.01, Respectively). However, there was not any difference between patients with RAS and healthy controls in erythrocyte Catalase (SMD = - 0.71, 95%CI = -1.56-0.14, p = 0.10). The total antioxidant status (TAS) level, in serum was significantly lower in patients than healthy controls (SMD = - 0.98, 95%CI = -1.57 to -0.39, p = 0.001). In addition, RAS patients had higher levels of serum Malondialdehyde (MDA), Serum total oxidant status, and serum oxidative stress index than healthy controls (SMD = 2.11, 95%CI = 1.43-2.79, p < 0.001, SMD = 1.53, 95%CI = 0.34-2.72, p = 0.01, and SMD = 1.25, 95%CI = 0.25-2.25, p = 0.014, Respectively); However, salivary MDA and TAS, and serum uric acid, vitamin E and C, and reduced glutathione levels of patients with RAS were not different from that of healthy controls.
CONCLUSIONS
The relationship between oxidative stress and RAS is well established in this meta-analysis. Although the molecular processes underlying the etiology of this pathology remain unknown, evidence indicating oxidative stress has a significant role in the pathogenesis of RAS has been revealed.
Topics: Humans; Antioxidants; Uric Acid; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Oxidative Stress
PubMed: 38042793
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03636-1 -
Phytotherapy Research : PTR May 2024It is suggested that supplementation with silymarin (SIL) has beneficial impacts on kidney and liver functions. This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
It is suggested that supplementation with silymarin (SIL) has beneficial impacts on kidney and liver functions. This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis assessed the impact of SIL administration on certain hepatic, renal, and oxidative stress markers. A systematic search was conducted in various databases to identify relevant trials published until January 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of SIL on kidney and liver markers were included. A random-effects model was used for the analysis and 41 RCTs were included. The pooled results indicated that SIL supplementation led to a significant reduction in serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, creatinine, and aspartate aminotransferase, along with a substantial elevation in serum glutathione in the SIL-treated group compared to their untreated counterparts. In addition, there was a nonsignificant decrease in serum levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase, malondialdehyde (MDA), total bilirubin, albumin (Alb), total antioxidant capacity, and blood urea nitrogen. Sub-group analyses revealed a considerable decline in MDA and Alb serum values among SIL-treated participants with liver disease in trials with a longer duration (≥12 weeks). These findings suggest that SIL may ameliorate certain liver markers with potential hepatoprotective effects, specifically with long-term and high-dose supplementation. However, its nephroprotective effects and impact on oxidative stress markers were not observed. Additional high-quality RCTs with longer durations are required to determine the clinical efficacy of SIL supplementation on renal and oxidative stress markers.
Topics: Silymarin; Humans; Kidney; Liver; Dietary Supplements; Oxidative Stress; Antioxidants; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Biomarkers
PubMed: 38475999
DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8173 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal failure (ESRF), and the control of disease progression and adverse...
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal failure (ESRF), and the control of disease progression and adverse events during treatment needs to be improved. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Niaoduqing granules (NDQG) in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of NDQG for DKD from Chinese and English databases up to 31 August 2022 were included. The quality of the literature was assessed using the risk of bias tool of the Cochrane Handbook. At a 95% confidence interval (CI), relative risk (RR) and Cohen's d were used for the categorical and continuous variables, respectively, and Stata 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis. A funnel plot and Egger's tests were used to assess publication bias. A total of 4,006 patients were included in 52 RCTs, including 1,987 cases in the control group and 2,019 cases in the treatment group. Compared with conventional treatment (CT), combined NDQG therapy is more effective in improving clinical efficiency [RR = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (1.17, 1.29), < 0.001, = 53.17%], kidney function (urinary albumin excretion rate [SMD = -0.90, 95% CI (-1.14, -0.66), < 0.001, = 78.19%], 24hUTP levels [SMD = -0.81, 95% CI (-1.08, -0.55), < 0.001, = 87.08%], blood urea nitrogen [SMD = -0.54, 95% CI (-0.69, -0.39), < 0.01, = 77.01%], SCr [SMD = -0.68, 95% CI (-0.90, -0.45), < 0.001, = 89.97%], CCr [SMD = 0.76, 95% CI (0.10,1.42), = 0.02, = 95.97%], and Cys-C [SMD = -1.32, 95% CI (-2.25, -0.40), = 0.01, = 93.44%]), the level of glucose metabolism (fasting blood glucose [SMD = -0.18, 95% CI (-0.38, 0.03), = 0.10, = 71.18%] and HbA1c [SMD = -0.42, 95% CI (-0.86, -0.02), = 0.06, = 81.64%]), the level of lipid metabolism (total cholesterol [SMD = -0.70, 95% CI (-1.01, -0.39), < 0.001, = 86.74%] and triglyceride [SMD = -0.61, 95% CI (-0.87,-0.36), < 0.001, = 80.64%]), inflammatory factors (Hs-CRP [SMD = -1.00, 95% CI (-1.54, -0.46), < 0.001, = 86.81%], IL-18 [SMD = -1.25, 95% CI (-1.58, -0.92), < 0.001, = 0], and TNF-α [SMD = -1.28, 95% CI (-1.64, -0.91), < 0.001, = 75.73%]), and indicators of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde [SMD = -0.88, 95% CI (-1.22, -0.54), < 0.001, = 66.01%] and advanced oxidation protein products [SMD = -0.92, 95% CI (-1.85, 0.00), < 0.001, = 90.68%]). In terms of improving uric acid [SMD = -1.59, 95% CI (-3.45, 0.27), = 0.09, = 94.67%], 2hPG [SMD = -0.04, 95% CI (-0.61, 0.53), = 0.89, = 84.33%], HDL-C [SMD = 0.71, 95% CI (0.02, 1.40), = 0.04, = 87.43%], Hb [SMD = 0.11, 95% CI (-0.10, 0.32), = 0.32, = 0.00]), and superoxide dismutase [SMD = 1.32, 95% CI (0.44, 2.20), < 0.001, = 93.48%], the effect is not obvious. Adjuvant treatment with NDQG did not increase the incidence of adverse reactions in the control group [SMD = 0.98, 95% CI (0.71, 1.34), = 0.89, = 1.59%]. Obvious publication bias was detected by funnel plot and Egger's test. Our meta-analysis showed that adjuvant treatment with NDQG has more advantages than conventional treatment alone in the DKD treatment, which could improve clinical efficiency, kidney function, the level of glucose metabolism, the level of lipid metabolism, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress indicators. At the same time, it also showed that NDQG are relatively safe. However, more high-quality studies are needed to provide more reliable evidence for clinical use. : https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022373726, identifier CRD42022373726.
PubMed: 37475716
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1180751 -
Nutrients Mar 2024Water consumption is believed to be a key factor in weight management strategies, yet the existing literature on the subject yields inconsistent findings. To... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Water consumption is believed to be a key factor in weight management strategies, yet the existing literature on the subject yields inconsistent findings. To systematically assess the scientific evidence regarding the effect of water intake on adiposity, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) among overweight and obese populations.
METHODS
PubMed and Embase were searched for relevant articles published up to December 2023. The summary weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.
RESULTS
In this meta-analysis of eight RCTs, interventions to promote water intake or to substitute water for other beverages as compared to the control group resulted in a summary WMD of -0.33 kg (95% CI = -1.75-1.08, = 78%) for body weight, -0.23 kg/m (95% CI = -0.55-0.09, = 0%) for body mass index (BMI), and 0.05 cm (95% CI = -1.20-1.30, = 40%) for waist circumference (WC). Among RCTs substituting water for artificially sweetened beverages, summary WMD was 1.82 kg (95% CI = 0.97-2.67, = 0%) for body weight and 1.23 cm (95% CI = -0.03-2.48, = 0%) for WC. Conversely, among RCTs substituting water for sugar-sweetened beverages, summary WMD was -0.81 kg (95% CI = -1.66-0.03, = 2%) for body weight and -0.96 cm (95% CI = -2.06-0.13, = 0%) for WC.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, water intake may not significantly impact adiposity among overweight and obese individuals. However, replacing sugar-sweetened beverages with water might offer a modest benefit in inducing weight loss.
Topics: Humans; Overweight; Adiposity; Drinking; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Obesity; Body Weight; Water
PubMed: 38612997
DOI: 10.3390/nu16070963 -
BMC Immunology Oct 2023This systematic review aimed to map the evidence evaluated the relationship between vitamin D and redox and inflammatory status during gestation.
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review aimed to map the evidence evaluated the relationship between vitamin D and redox and inflammatory status during gestation.
METHODS
Three databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS)) and reference list of included documents were searched for related observational studies published until 2nd October 2023. To determine the quality of the selected observational studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used.
RESULTS
After a primary search of three databases, 19492records were appeared. When duplicates and irrelevant documents were removed, 14 articles were found to have eligible criteria. The design of the identified studies was cross-sectional, case-control and cohort. Evidence showed an adverse association between 25(OH)D and the biomarkers of inflammation, such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor- alfa (TNF-α) during pregnancy. On the contrary, some studies represented that 25(OH)D positively correlated with hs-CRP in the cord blood. One study suggested a direct association between serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and Interleukin-8 (IL-8), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP), and TNF-α levels in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A case-control study showed that lower serum concentration of 25(OH)D positively correlated with total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in participants.
CONCLUSIONS
Evidence confirmed the supposition of the direct relationship between vitamin D levels and biomarkers with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. However, the Existence of inconsistent evidence confirms the need for further studies in mothers with GDM and hypertensive disorders.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION CODE
CRD42020202600.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Vitamin D; Pregnant Women; C-Reactive Protein; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Cross-Sectional Studies; Case-Control Studies; Vitamins; Biomarkers; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Oxidative Stress
PubMed: 37891486
DOI: 10.1186/s12865-023-00577-w -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2023Altered levels of heavy metals and essential elements have been associated with oxidative stress (OS) and metabolic and hormonal changes in women with polycystic ovary... (Review)
Review
Altered levels of heavy metals and essential elements have been associated with oxidative stress (OS) and metabolic and hormonal changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to summarize the knowledge on the association of heavy metals and essential elements with OS in PCOS. An electronic literature search using PubMed for studies published between January 2008 and April 2023 was conducted. We evaluated heavy metals and essential elements in relation to OS in PCOS in 15 articles. PCOS women had increased antimonium (Sb), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), tellurium (Te), thallium (Tl) and osmium (Os) blood levels and decreased zinc (Zn) blood levels; the results of copper (Cu) blood levels were conflicting. Some studies showed a significant correlation between heavy metals (Sb, Cd, Pb, Hg, As, Te and Tl) and essential elements (Se, Zn, Cr, Ca, Mg and Cu) and markers of OS and chronic inflammation. Heavy metals (Sb, Cd, Pb and Hg) and essential elements (Zn, Cr, Se, Ca, Mg and Cu) were associated with metabolic and hormonal characteristics in PCOS. There might be a possible benefit from supplementation therapy in reducing OS and endocrinological problems related to PCOS. Our review confirmed an association between heavy metals and essential elements with OS in PCOS women. This systematic review is registered in PROSPERO under number CRD42023418453.
PubMed: 37507937
DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071398 -
Nutrients Dec 2023In recent years, orthodontics, a specialized branch of dentistry, has evolved considerably in terms of both techniques and materials used. Aimed at correcting dental... (Review)
Review
In recent years, orthodontics, a specialized branch of dentistry, has evolved considerably in terms of both techniques and materials used. Aimed at correcting dental malocclusions and craniofacial anomalies, it improves the functionality and aesthetics of the face and oral cavity. However, orthodontic treatment, in its developmental stages, may induce oxidative stress (O.S.) phenomena, with an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), damaging the dental and periodontal tissues involved, affecting the short-, medium- and long-term results. Studies on the antioxidant effects of natural products (e.g., resveratrol, green tea, turmeric, etc.) in the medical field have aroused considerable interest in recent years. A systematic literature review was conducted on the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using natural products (N.P.s), O.S., and orthodontic as keywords. The study aims to consider the determinants of the increase in ROS occurring during orthodontic treatment and the possibility of natural products being able to control and neutralize biochemical phenomena by restoring the physiological process in which the balance between the production of ROS and the ability of the body's antioxidant system to neutralize them is in favor of the latter.
Topics: Reactive Oxygen Species; Biological Products; Oxidative Stress; Antioxidants; Curcuma
PubMed: 38201943
DOI: 10.3390/nu16010113