-
Brain Tumor Pathology Jul 2023The WHO 2021 classification defines IDH wild type (IDHw) histologically lower-grade glioma (hLGG) as molecular glioblastoma (mGBM) if TERT promoter mutation (pTERTm),... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The WHO 2021 classification defines IDH wild type (IDHw) histologically lower-grade glioma (hLGG) as molecular glioblastoma (mGBM) if TERT promoter mutation (pTERTm), EGFR amplification or chromosome seven gain and ten loss aberrations are indicated. We systematically reviewed articles of IDHw hLGGs studies (49 studies, N = 3748) and meta-analyzed mGBM prevalence and overall survival (OS) according to the PRISMA statement. mGBM rates in IDHw hLGG were significantly lower in Asian regions (43.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI: 35.8-52.0]) when compared to non-Asian regions (65.0%, [CI: 52.9-75.4]) (P = 0.005) and were significantly lower in fresh-frozen specimen when compared to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples (P = 0.015). IDHw hLGGs without pTERTm rarely expressed other molecular markers in Asian studies when compared to non-Asian studies. Patients with mGBM had significantly longer OS times when compared to histological GBM (hGBM) (pooled hazard ratio (pHR) 0.824, [CI: 0.694-0.98], P = 0.03)). In patients with mGBM, histological grade was a significant prognostic factor (pHR 1.633, [CI: 1.09-2.447], P = 0.018), as was age (P = 0.001) and surgical extent (P = 0.018). Although bias risk across studies was moderate, mGBM with grade II histology showed better OS rates when compared to hGBM.
Topics: Humans; Glioblastoma; Brain Neoplasms; Mutation; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; Telomerase; Glioma; Prognosis
PubMed: 37212969
DOI: 10.1007/s10014-023-00463-8 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Jul 2023Hyaluronic acid is synthesised in plasma membranes and can be found in extracellular tissues. It has been suggested that the application of hyaluronic acid to chronic... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Hyaluronic acid is synthesised in plasma membranes and can be found in extracellular tissues. It has been suggested that the application of hyaluronic acid to chronic wounds may promote healing, and the mechanism may be due to its ability to maintain a moist wound environment which helps cell migration in the wound bed.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the effects of hyaluronic acid (and its derivatives) on the healing of chronic wounds.
SEARCH METHODS
We used standard, extensive Cochrane search methods. The latest search date was February 2022.
SELECTION CRITERIA
We included randomised controlled trials that compared the effects of hyaluronic acid (as a dressing or topical agent) with other dressings on the healing of pressure, venous, arterial, or mixed-aetiology ulcers and foot ulcers in people with diabetes.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach.
MAIN RESULTS
We included 12 trials (13 articles) in a qualitative synthesis, and were able to combine data from four trials in a quantitative analysis. Overall, the included trials involved 1108 participants (mean age 69.60 years) presenting 178 pressure ulcers, 54 diabetic foot ulcers, and 896 leg ulcers. Sex was reported for 1022 participants (57.24% female). Pressure ulcers It is uncertain whether there is a difference in complete healing (risk ratio (RR) 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58 to 2.35); change in ulcer size (mean difference (MD) 25.60, 95% CI 6.18 to 45.02); or adverse events (none reported) between platelet-rich growth factor (PRGF) + hyaluronic acid and PRGF because the certainty of evidence is very low (1 trial, 65 participants). It is also uncertain whether there is a difference in complete healing between lysine hyaluronate and sodium hyaluronate because the certainty of evidence is very low (RR 2.50, 95% CI 0.71 to 8.83; 1 trial, 14 ulcers from 10 participants). Foot ulcers in people with diabetes It is uncertain whether there is a difference in time to complete healing between hyaluronic acid and lyophilised collagen because the certainty of evidence is very low (MD 16.60, 95% CI 7.95 to 25.25; 1 study, 20 participants). It is uncertain whether there is a difference in complete ulcer healing (RR 2.20, 95% CI 0.97 to 4.97; 1 study, 34 participants) or change in ulcer size (MD -0.80, 95% CI -3.58 to 1.98; 1 study, 25 participants) between hyaluronic acid and conventional dressings because the certainty of evidence is very low. Leg ulcers We are uncertain whether there is a difference in complete wound healing (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.26 to 3.76), percentage of adverse events (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.22 to 2.80), pain (MD 2.10, 95% CI -5.81 to 10.01), or change in ulcer size (RR 2.11, 95% CI 0.92 to 4.82) between hyaluronic acid + hydrocolloid and hydrocolloid because the certainty of evidence is very low (1 study, 125 participants). It is uncertain whether there is a difference in change in ulcer size between hyaluronic acid and hydrocolloid because the certainty of evidence is very low (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.25; 1 study, 143 participants). We are uncertain whether there is a difference in complete wound healing between hyaluronic acid and paraffin gauze because the certainty of evidence is very low (RR 2.00, 95% CI 0.21 to 19.23; 1 study, 24 ulcers from 17 participants). When compared with neutral vehicle, hyaluronic acid probably improves complete ulcer healing (RR 2.11, 95% CI 1.46 to 3.07; 4 studies, 526 participants; moderate-certainty evidence); may slightly increase the reduction in pain from baseline (MD -8.55, 95% CI -14.77 to -2.34; 3 studies, 337 participants); and may slightly increase change in ulcer size, measured as mean reduction from baseline to 45 days (MD 30.44%, 95% CI 15.57 to 45.31; 2 studies, 190 participants). It is uncertain if hyaluronic acid alters incidence of infection when compared with neutral vehicle (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.49; 3 studies, 425 participants). We are uncertain whether there is a difference in change in ulcer size (cm) between hyaluronic acid and dextranomer because the certainty of evidence is very low (MD 5.80, 95% CI -10.0 to 21.60; 1 study, 50 participants). We downgraded the certainty of evidence due to risk of bias or imprecision, or both, for all of the above comparisons. No trial reported health-related quality of life or wound recurrence. Measurement of change in ulcer size was not homogeneous among studies, and missing data precluded further analysis for some comparisons.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
There is currently insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid dressings in the healing of pressure ulcers or foot ulcers in people with diabetes. We found evidence that hyaluronic acid probably improves complete ulcer healing and may slightly decrease pain and increase change in ulcer size when compared with neutral vehicle. Future research into the effects of hyaluronic acid in the healing of chronic wounds should consider higher sample size and blinding to minimise bias and improve the quality of evidence.
Topics: Female; Humans; Aged; Male; Hyaluronic Acid; Diabetic Foot; Pressure Ulcer; Quality of Life; Bandages; Wound Healing; Pain
PubMed: 37497805
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012215.pub2 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2023Salivary myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a key mediator of the oral immune system, acting as an enzyme that utilises HO to generate molecules with high bactericidal activity.... (Review)
Review
Salivary myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a key mediator of the oral immune system, acting as an enzyme that utilises HO to generate molecules with high bactericidal activity. While MPO determination in plasma is quite common, the use of saliva is still rare. Our systematic review was designed to answer the question "Are salivary levels of myeloperoxidase altered in patients with systemic diseases?". Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included twenty-six studies. Altered MPO levels in saliva were most commonly found in patients with cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases. Most studies concerned unstimulated whole saliva, and only a few of them stimulated, mainly by chewing paraffin. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was the most common method for determination of MPO concentrations in saliva. Increased salivary MPO levels were more often observed for inflammatory diseases, except patients with inflammatory bowel diseases who were eligible for biologic therapy. In conclusion, MPO could be altered in the saliva of patients with systematic diseases, especially cardiovascular or gastrointestinal diseases. However, further investigations are recommended to validate these outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Hydrogen Peroxide; Peroxidase; Saliva
PubMed: 37569455
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512078 -
Cureus Jul 2023Uremic xerosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated pruritus (CKD-ap) are the most commonly occurring dermatological problems faced by most of the CKD patients on... (Review)
Review
Management of Uremic Xerosis and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)-Associated Pruritus (CKD-ap) With Topical Preparations: A Systematic Review and Implications in the Indian Context.
Uremic xerosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated pruritus (CKD-ap) are the most commonly occurring dermatological problems faced by most of the CKD patients on hemodialysis which are not only annoying and draining to the patients but also have an intense effect on patients' quality of life. The PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases were searched for the literature with the following search terms: uremic xerosis OR CKD-ap OR uremic pruritus AND topical therapy OR topical ointment OR natural oil from the year 2002 -2022, and finally, 22 articles were chosen to write this review. Out of 22 studies, six used pharmacological preparations and remaining 16 studies used natural oils and components. All the articles were experimental studies (Pre/Quazi/RCT/True experimental) focusing on managing itch and xerosis associated with CKD and hemodialysis by topical application. The topical agents tried in various research studies are effective in managing itch and xerosis associated with CKD. They are safe, easy to use, and without allergic reactions. Natural oils like almond, chia seed, clove, glycerin, paraffin, and virgin coconut oil are readily available in home-care settings and can be used as a nurse-led intervention. Topical preparations for uremic xerosis and pruritus are effective, safe, and easy to apply on large body surface areas without systematic side effects. Natural oil-based topical preparations are cost-effective, safe, and easy to use.
PubMed: 37641756
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42587 -
Journal of Hand Therapy : Official... 2023Paraffin bath therapy is noninvasive and is widely used in various hand diseases. Paraffin bath therapy is easy to use, has fewer side effects, and can be applied to...
BACKGROUND
Paraffin bath therapy is noninvasive and is widely used in various hand diseases. Paraffin bath therapy is easy to use, has fewer side effects, and can be applied to various diseases with different etiologies. However, there are few large-scale studies of paraffin bath therapy, and there is insufficient evidence of its efficacy.
PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of paraffin bath therapy for pain relief and functional improvement in various hand diseases through a meta-analysis.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
METHODS
We searched for studies using PubMed and Embase. Eligible studies were selected based on the following criteria: (1) patients with any diseases of the hand; (2) comparison between paraffin bath therapy and no paraffin bath therapy; and (3) sufficient data on changes in the visual analog scale (VAS) score, grip strength, pulp-to-pulp pinch strength, or Austrian Canadian (AUSCAN) Osteoarthritis Hand index before and after paraffin bath therapy. Forest plots were drawn to visualize the overall effect. Jadad scale score, I statistics, and subgroup analyses were used to assess the risk of bias.
RESULTS
A total of five studies included 153 patients who were treated and 142 who were not treated with paraffin bath therapy. The VAS were measured in all 295 patients included in the study, while the AUSCAN index was measured in the 105 patients with osteoarthritis. Paraffin bath therapy significantly reduced the VAS scores (mean difference [MD], -1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.93 to -0.60). In osteoarthritis, paraffin bath therapy significantly improved grip and pinch strength (MD -2.53; 95% CI 0.71-4.34; MD 0.77; 95% CI 0.71-0.83) and reduced the VAS and AUSCAN scores (MD -2.61; 95% CI -3.07 to -2.14; MD -5.02; 95% CI -8.95 to -1.09).
DISCUSSION
Paraffin bath therapy significantly reduced the VAS and AUSCAN scores, and improved grip and pinch strength in patients with various hand diseases.
CONCLUSIONS
Paraffin bath therapy is effective for alleviating pain and improving function in hand diseases, thereby improving quality of life. However, owing to the small number of patients included in the study and its heterogeneity, a further large-scale, well-structured study is needed.
PubMed: 36914488
DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2022.10.005 -
Virus Research Oct 2023To review the available studies on the frequency of detection of the bovine leukemia virus in human samples, a systematic review with meta-analysis of the scientific... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
To review the available studies on the frequency of detection of the bovine leukemia virus in human samples, a systematic review with meta-analysis of the scientific literature was carried out, including papers published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese in 5 multidisciplinary databases. We collected information from different populations following a detailed and reproducible search protocol in which two researchers verified the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We identified 759 articles, of which only 33 met the inclusion criteria. Analyzed studies reported that the presence of the virus was measured in human samples, such as paraffin-embedded breast tissue and peripheral blood from 10,398 individuals, through serological and molecular techniques. An overall virus frequency of 27% (Ranging between 17 and 37%) was observed, with a high-frequency data heterogeneity between studies. The presence of this virus in different human biological samples suggests the need to investigate further its transmission route to humans and its potential role in developing and progressing diseases.
Topics: Humans; Leukemia Virus, Bovine
PubMed: 37532141
DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199186 -
Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences Jul 2023This review aims to determine the potential role of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV) in the pathogenesis of cervical squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
This review aims to determine the potential role of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV) in the pathogenesis of cervical squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas.
METHODS
A PRISMA systematic search appraisal was conducted. The Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE databases for publications in English were searched up to September 2022 for all relevant articles. All articles that have outlined the contributions of the MCPyV to cervical squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas were included.
RESULTS
The six databases produced 6806 articles. Only six articles met the inclusion criteria and were included. The protocol of this review was submitted and registered with the PROSPERO (Code no. CRD42022369197). The total sample size across the articles was 1135; the age of the participants ranged between 18 and 75 years. In addition, the included articles were conducted between 2012 to 2016. All included articles have a cross-sectional design.Furthermore, different kinds of samples were collected in the reviewed articles, namely cervical tissue biopsies, cervical smears, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded resection specimens, and cervical adenocarcinomas. Moreover, five articles showed no statistically significant association between the MCPyV and cervical squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. In contrast, one article revealed a positive association between MCPyV and cervical squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas.
CONCLUSIONS
MCPyV could not be associated with the pathogenesis of cervical squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. Further attention should be given to examining this association, and further studies with a large sample size are recommended to confirm these findings.
Topics: Humans; Female; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Adenocarcinoma; Polyomavirus Infections; Merkel cell polyomavirus; Tumor Virus Infections; Middle Aged; Adult; Aged
PubMed: 38784202
DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.18 -
Toxicology Research Apr 2024Aluminum Phosphide (AlP) poisoning constituted the most common cause of poisoning death in some low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to evaluate... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Aluminum Phosphide (AlP) poisoning constituted the most common cause of poisoning death in some low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of oil-based gastric lavage (GL) compared with standard therapy for the treatment of AlP poisoning. Materials and methods. This systematic review complied with "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses" (PRISMA) Protocols. A comprehensive search was carried out, identifying randomized controlled trials (RCTs), including anyone presenting within 6 h of exposure to AlP, and the administration of GL with oils, including liquid paraffin or coconut oil.
RESULTS
We identified 7 RCTs. The evidence from 4 RCTs indicates that GL with paraffin oil is an effective treatment for acute AlP poisoning, decreasing the mortality rate (RR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.48 to 0.81; participants = 226; I = 10%; ). We estimate the Number Needed to Treat of 4. Likewise, this intervention reduces the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation (RR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.40 to 0.79; I = 0%; ). Regarding GL with coconut oil, the evidence from 4 RCTs, indicates a slight reduction in mortality (RR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.69 to 0.98; participants = 112; I = 0%; ).
CONCLUSIONS
Limited evidence suggests that GL with paraffin oil is effective in reducing the mortality rate. Likewise, limited evidence showed in favor of paraffin oil concerning the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation. Very limited evidence suggests that GL with coconut oil could reduce mortality. Both interventions would have a benign safety profile.
PubMed: 38496382
DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae029 -
Cureus Jan 2024The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize all existing evidence, regarding the immunohistochemical expression of REV-7 in different human cancer pathology... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize all existing evidence, regarding the immunohistochemical expression of REV-7 in different human cancer pathology specimens. Moreover, the association of REV-7 expression with disease severity (clinical course), patients' survival, prognosis, and response to various treatments, such as chemotherapy and irradiation, was investigated. Three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane) were systematically screened, from inception to September 2, 2023, as suggested by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Only studies using immunohistochemical staining for REV-7 in paraffin-embedded cancer tissues were included. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final qualitative synthesis. All nine studies were retrospective and non-comparative ones. Selected studies reported immunohistochemical expression of REV-7 in different types of cancer, including testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, esophagus squamous cell carcinoma, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, and skin cancer. High REV-7 expression was associated with faster disease progression, resistance to available treatment options, and worse prognosis in the majority of included studies. These results indicate that immunohistochemical staining of REV-7 protein could potentially be used as a predictive tissue marker in certain cases. Promising results, arising from REV-7 inactivation experiments, render REV-7 targeting a potential therapeutic strategy for future cancer management, especially in the cases of chemoresistant or radioresistant disease.
PubMed: 38371007
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52542 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Jun 2024Osteoarthritis (OA) affecting the first metatarsophalangeal joint (hallux rigidus) is common and painful. Several non-surgical treatments have been proposed; however,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Osteoarthritis (OA) affecting the first metatarsophalangeal joint (hallux rigidus) is common and painful. Several non-surgical treatments have been proposed; however, few have been adequately evaluated. Since the original 2010 review, several studies have been published necessitating this update.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the benefits and harms of non-surgical treatments for big toe OA.
SEARCH METHODS
We used standard, extensive Cochrane search methods. The latest search was February 2023.
SELECTION CRITERIA
We included randomised trials that compared any type of non-surgical treatment versus placebo (or sham), no treatment (such as wait-and-see) or other treatment.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
We used standard Cochrane methods. The major outcomes were pain, function, quality of life, radiographic joint structure, adverse events and withdrawals due to adverse events. The primary time point was 12 weeks. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence.
MAIN RESULTS
This update includes six trials (547 participants). The mean age of participants ranged from 32 to 62 years. Trial durations ranged from 4 to 52 weeks. Treatments were compared in single trials as follows: arch-contouring foot orthoses versus sham inserts; shoe-stiffening inserts versus sham inserts; intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid versus saline (placebo) injection; arch-contouring foot orthoses versus rocker-sole footwear; peloid therapy versus paraffin therapy; and sesamoid mobilisation, flexor hallucis longus strengthening and gait training plus physical therapy versus physical therapy alone. Certainty of the evidence was limited by the risk of bias and imprecision. Meta-analysis was not performed due to the heterogeneity of interventions. We reported numerical data for the 12-week time point for the three trials that used a placebo/sham control group. Arch-contouring foot orthoses versus sham inserts One trial (88 participants) showed that arch-contouring foot orthoses probably lead to little or no difference in pain, function, or quality of life compared to sham inserts (moderate certainty). Mean pain (0-10 scale, 0 no pain) with sham inserts was 3.9 points compared to 3.5 points with arch-contouring foot orthoses; a difference of 0.4 points better (95% (CI) 0.5 worse to 1.3 better). Mean function (0-100 scale, 100 best function) with sham inserts was 73.3 points compared to 65.5 points with arch-contouring foot orthoses; a difference of 7.8 points worse (95% CI 17.8 worse to 2.2 better). Mean quality of life (-0.04-100 scale, 100 best score) with sham inserts was 0.8 points compared to 0.8 points with arch-contouring foot orthoses group (95% CI 0.1 worse to 0.1 better). Arch-contouring foot orthoses may show little or no difference in adverse events and withdrawal due to adverse events compared to sham inserts (low certainty). Adverse events (mostly foot pain) were reported in 6 out of 41 people with sham inserts and 4 out of 47 people with arch-contouring foot orthoses (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.92). Withdrawals due to adverse events were reported in 0 out of 41 people with sham inserts and 1 out of 47 people with arch-contouring foot orthoses (Peto OR 6.58, 95% CI 0.13 to 331). Shoe-stiffening inserts versus sham inserts One trial (100 participants) showed that shoe-stiffening inserts probably lead to little or no difference in pain, function, or quality of life when compared to sham inserts (moderate certainty). Mean pain (0-100 scale, 0 no pain) with sham inserts was 63.8 points compared to 70.1 points with shoe-stiffening inserts; a difference of 6.3 points better (95% CI 0.5 worse to 13.1 better). Mean function (0-100 scale, 100 best function) with sham inserts was 81.0 points compared to 84.9 points with shoe-stiffening inserts; a difference of 3.9 points better (95% CI 3.3 worse to 11.1 better). Mean quality of life (0-100 scale, 100 best score) with sham inserts was 53.2 points compared to 53.3 points with shoe-stiffening inserts; a difference of 0.1 points better (95% CI 3.7 worse to 3.9 better). Shoe-stiffening inserts may show little or no difference in adverse events and withdrawal due to adverse events, compared to sham inserts (low certainty). Adverse events (mostly foot pain, blisters, and spine/hip pain) were reported in 31 out of 51 people with sham inserts and 29 out of 49 people with shoe-stiffening inserts (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.42 to 2.08). Withdrawals due to adverse events were reported in 1 out of 51 people with sham inserts and 2 out of 49 people with shoe-stiffening inserts (Peto OR 2.08, 95% CI 0.19 to 22.23). Hyaluronic acid versus placebo One trial (151 participants) showed that a single intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid probably leads to little or no difference in pain or function compared to placebo (moderate certainty). Mean pain (0-100 scale, 0 no pain) with placebo was 72.5 points compared to 68.2 points with hyaluronic acid; a difference of 4.3 points better (95% CI 2.1 worse to 10.7 better). Mean function (0-100 scale, 100 best function) was 83.4 points with placebo compared to 85.0 points with hyaluronic acid; a difference of 1.6 points better (95% CI 4.6 worse to 7.8 better). Hyaluronic acid may provide little or no difference in quality of life (0-100 scale, 100 best score) which was 79.9 points with placebo compared to 82.9 points with hyaluronic acid; a difference of 3.0 better (95% CI 1.4 worse to 7.4 better; low certainty). There may be fewer adverse events with hyaluronic acid compared to placebo. Adverse events (mostly pain at the injection site) were reported in 43 out of 76 people with placebo compared with 27 out of 75 people with hyaluronic acid (RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.91; low certainty). No participants withdrew from either group due to adverse events. The effects on radiographic joint structure were not reported in any study.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
The existing evidence regarding the benefits and harms of non-surgical treatments for big toe OA is limited. There is moderate-certainty evidence, based upon three single placebo/sham-controlled trials, that there are no clinically important benefits of arch-contouring foot orthoses, shoe-stiffening inserts, or a single intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid. Further placebo-controlled trials are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of non-surgical treatments for big toe OA.
Topics: Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Middle Aged; Foot Orthoses; Adult; Hallux Rigidus; Quality of Life; Shoes; Osteoarthritis; Bias; Hyaluronic Acid
PubMed: 38884172
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007809.pub3