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JMIR Dermatology Nov 2023Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that presents with symptoms of intense pruritus, dryness, and erythema.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that presents with symptoms of intense pruritus, dryness, and erythema. Dissatisfaction with first-line therapies for AD, the desire to avoid steroids, and the extreme cost of effective biologics have created a demand for alternative treatment options such as oral vitamins and nutritional supplements.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this review was to assess the effectiveness of oral nutritional supplements, pre- and probiotics, and vitamin deficiencies and supplements on AD symptomology and clinical course.
METHODS
We searched Scopus, PubMed, and MEDLINE (Ovid interface) for English-language articles published between 1993 and 2023. The final search was conducted on June 22, 2023. The search terms comprised the following: "(Atopic Dermatitis or Atopic Eczema) AND (supplement OR vitamin OR mineral OR micronutrients OR Fish Oil OR Omega Fatty Acid OR Probiotics OR Prebiotics OR apple cider vinegar OR collagen OR herbal OR fiber)."
RESULTS
A total of 18 studies-3 (17%) evaluating vitamins, 4 (22%) evaluating herbal medicine compounds, 2 (11%) evaluating single-ingredient nutritional supplements, and 9 (50%) evaluating pre- and probiotics-involving 881 patients were included in this review.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, there is weak evidence to support any one nutritional supplement intervention for the alleviation of AD symptoms. Multiple trials (4/18, 22%) showed promise for supplements such as Zemaphyte, kefir, and freeze-dried whey with Cuscuta campestris Yuncker extract. The most evidence was found on the effectiveness of probiotics on the clinical course of AD. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Ligilactobacillus salivarius, and Lactobacillus acidophilus specifically showed evidence of efficacy and safety across multiple studies (6/18, 33%). However, larger, more extensive randomized controlled trials are needed to determine the true effectiveness of these supplements on the broader population.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO CRD42023470596; https://tinyurl.com/4a9477u7.
PubMed: 38019566
DOI: 10.2196/40857 -
Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Oct 2023We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of probiotics and synbiotics in childhood functional constipation. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND & AIM
We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of probiotics and synbiotics in childhood functional constipation.
METHODS
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) were searched up to June 2023. Randomized controlled trials involving children diagnosed with FC with Rome III/IV criteria were included. Treatment success, defecation frequency, stool consistency, painful defecation, fecal incontinence, and adverse events were assessed as outcomes. Odds ratios (ORs) and standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for dichotomous and continuous variables as appropriate. Cochrane risk-of-bias tool version 2 assessed the risk of bias.
RESULTS
Seventeen RCTs with 1504 patients were included. Compared to placebo, probiotics significantly improved defecation frequency (SMD 0.40, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.70, I = 0%) and fecal incontinence (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.96, I = 0%). However, it did not significantly improve treatment success, painful defecation, and abdominal pain. Probiotics, as add-on therapy, failed to yield a significant difference in treatment success (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.15 to 4.48, I = 52%), defecation frequency (SMD 0.13, 95% CI -0.13 to 0.39, I = 0%), defecation consistency (SMD -0.01, 95% CI -0.40 to 0.38, I = 1%), fecal incontinence (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.48 to 1.90, I = 0%), and abdominal pain (OR, 0.60, 95% CI 0.24 to 1.53, I = 0%) versus laxatives monotherapy. Synbiotics plus laxatives showed no significant effect on defecation frequency (SMD -0.57; 95% CI -1.29 to 0.14, I = 74%) and painful defecation (OR, 3.39; 95% CI 0.74 to 15.55, I = 0%) versus laxatives alone.
CONCLUSIONS
Current evidence did not advocate using probiotics and synbiotics in treating functional constipation in children. At this time, the effects of strain-specific probiotics, probiotics mixtures, and the optimal doses and treatment durations of the probiotics and synbiotics were unclear. Additional rigorous evidence is required to evaluate and establish the effectiveness and safety of probiotics and synbiotics for childhood functional constipation.
PROSPERO ID
CRD42020195869.
Topics: Child; Humans; Laxatives; Synbiotics; Fecal Incontinence; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Constipation; Probiotics; Abdominal Pain
PubMed: 37625312
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.08.015 -
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Oct 2023To assess the effect and safety of probiotics for treating urticaria. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
To assess the effect and safety of probiotics for treating urticaria.
METHODS
Randomized controlled trial (RCT) papers on the probiotics treatment published before May 2019 were retrieved from various databases like PubMed, EMbase, MEDLINE (Ovid), SCI-Hub, Springer, ClinicalKey, VIP, and CNKI. The treatment plan that we include are oral administration of single probiotic, multiple probiotics, and the combination of probiotics and antihistamines. Meta-analysis of the data was performed by RevMan 5.3 software.
RESULTS
A total of nine RCT papers were included: four papers for oral administration of single probiotic, three papers for oral administration of multiple probiotics, and two papers for oral administration of a probiotic combined with antihistamines. The results of meta-analysis showed that the therapeutic effect of the probiotic group was significantly higher than the control group (placebo or antihistamines) (RR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03-1.16, p = 0.006). And compared with the placebo group, the therapeutic effect of single probiotic group was significantly improved (RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01-1.21, p = 0.03). Regarding therapeutic effect, there was no statistically significant difference between the multiple probiotics group and placebo group (RR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.94 ~ 1.07, p = 0.91); the therapeutic effect of single probiotic combined antihistamine group was significantly higher than the antihistamine group (RR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.07-1.19, p < 0.0001). Regarding the incidence of adverse reactions, there was no significant difference between the probiotic group and the control group (p = 0.46).
CONCLUSION
The treatment plan of oral administration of probiotics has significant therapeutic effects on urticaria, but the therapeutic effects of the administration of multiple probiotics and the safety of probiotic therapy are still not yet obvious. Some large-scale, multi-centered RCT studies are needed in the future for clarification.
Topics: Humans; Probiotics; Administration, Oral; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Urticaria
PubMed: 37221968
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15782 -
International Urogynecology Journal Nov 2023Recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) are a burden to patients and the health care economy. Vaginal probiotics and supplements have gained significant attention in...
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS
Recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) are a burden to patients and the health care economy. Vaginal probiotics and supplements have gained significant attention in mainstream media and lay press as a non-antibiotic alternative. We performed a systematic review to determine whether vaginal probiotics are an effective means of prophylaxis for rUTI.
METHODS
A PubMed/MEDLINE article search was performed from inception to August 2022 for prospective, in vivo use of vaginal suppositories for the prevention of rUTIs. Search terms included: vaginal probiotic suppository (34 results), vaginal probiotic randomized (184 results), vaginal probiotic prevention (441 results), vaginal probiotic UTI (21 results), and vaginal probiotic urinary tract infection (91 results). A total of 771 article titles and abstracts were screened.
RESULTS
A total of 8 articles fit the inclusion criteria and were reviewed and summarized. Four were randomized controlled trials, with 3 of the studies having a placebo arm. Three were prospective cohort studies, and 1 was a single arm, open label trial. Five of the 7 articles that specifically evaluated for rUTI reduction with vaginal suppositories did find a decreased incidence with probiotic use; however, only 2 had statistically significant results. Both of these were studies of Lactobacillus crispatus and were not randomized. Three studies demonstrated the efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus as a vaginal suppository.
CONCLUSION
Current data support the use of vaginal suppositories containing Lactobacillus as a safe, non-antibiotic measure, but actual reduction of rUTI in susceptible women remains inconclusive. The appropriate dosing and duration of therapy remain unknown.
Topics: Humans; Female; Suppositories; Prospective Studies; Lactobacillus; Vagina; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 37392226
DOI: 10.1007/s00192-023-05568-4 -
Neuropsychopharmacology Reports Jun 2024Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may benefit from probiotics and prebiotics, but the effects are unclear. To determine whether probiotics... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may benefit from probiotics and prebiotics, but the effects are unclear. To determine whether probiotics and prebiotics affect children with ADHD, a systematic review was conducted.
METHODS
The present systematic review analyzed cohort studies and randomized controlled trials that examined whether prebiotics and probiotics are associated with ADHD. Seven randomized controlled trials and two cohort studies met our inclusion criteria.
RESULTS
Research on Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) probiotic supplementation showed that children with ADHD had better emotional, physical, social, and school functioning, and a higher health-related quality of life compared to the placebo group. The studies also showed that Synbiotic 2000 reduces markers of intestinal and vascular inflammation in children with ADHD, in part through increasing SCFA levels.
CONCLUSION
The use of probiotics and prebiotics as adjuvants therapy in patients with ADHD is beneficial. Further studies with longer duration, including more participants and a variety of age groups, and using various evaluation techniques such as in vivo observation are required to examine the effects of prebiotics and probiotics on ADHD.
Topics: Humans; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Prebiotics; Probiotics; Synbiotics; Child; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38623929
DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12437 -
The Japanese Dental Science Review Dec 2023Probiotics have been proposed as adjuncts to non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT), however, the effect of their use remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review... (Review)
Review
Clinical, microbiological and immunological short, medium and long-term effects of different strains of probiotics as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with periodontitis. Systematic review with meta-analysis.
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES
Probiotics have been proposed as adjuncts to non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT), however, the effect of their use remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the evidence regarding the use of probiotics as an adjunct to NSPT in patients with periodontitis at a clinical, microbiological and immunological level.
DATA/SOURCES
A comprehensive search to identify clinical studies investigating the use of probiotics as an adjunct to NSPT in patients treated for periodontitis was performed. The data were grouped according to probiotic strain, frequency, form and duration of the probiotic intake.
STUDY SELECTION
A total of 25 articles were included, all articles analysed clinical parameters, 10 included also microbiological findings and only 4 had immunological findings. The difference in probing depth (PD) between the test and the control group was statistically significant in favour of the test group when the probiotics were in the form of lozenges, administered twice a day and when the strain was . In terms of Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) gain the difference was statistically significant in the short and in the medium term but not in the long term. Due to the heterogeneity of the data, it was not possible to compare trough a meta analysis the immunological and the microbiological findings that were therefore analysed only descriptively.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of probiotics as an adjunct to NSPT in patients with periodontitis appears to provide additional clinical benefits that depend on the duration, the frequency, the form and the strain of probiotic used.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
This review not only shows data on the efficacy of probiotics in non-surgical periodontal therapy, but provides important information on their effects over time and which forms of probiotic administration might be most clinically useful.
PubMed: 36915665
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.02.001 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... Oct 2023Lactobionic acid is a comparatively less explored lactose derivative with impressive biofunctional qualities, and is currently being used by the advanced chemical and... (Review)
Review
Lactobionic acid is a comparatively less explored lactose derivative with impressive biofunctional qualities, and is currently being used by the advanced chemical and pharmaceutical research industries. It is an aldonic acid with probiotics, antimicrobial, antioxidant, calcium chelating activity. In dairy and food products, it can be used to improve flavor, texture, yield and shelf life with additional health benefits. The biochemical method for producing lactobionic acid makes it safe for humans to consume as food or medicine. This systematic review describes the various bioproduction methods of lactobionic acid. This study emphasizes the production method, conversion rate, and specific yield of various microorganisms and enzymes employed in biosynthesis of lactobionic acid. Scopus advanced search is used for database mining. Original, traceable peer-reviewed research articles directly related to lactobionic acid are selected for this systematic review. The selected articles are grouped for ease of discussion and understanding. In the last 75 years, several bioproduction methods of lactobionic acid have been developed. By fine-tuning the microbial incubation conditions, the productivity of lactobionic acid can be significantly improved. The oxidoreductase enzymes responsible for the conversion of lactose can be purified from the system by advanced membrane technology. In the presence of a suitable redox mediator and regenerative enzyme, an efficient continuous lactobionic acid production system can be developed. To date, several methods are available for the complete conversion of lactose to lactobionic acid with an impressive specific production rate. This review will help researchers and industries to have better insights and understanding of the bioproduction of lactobionic acid.
PubMed: 37874029
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2273450 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Dec 2023This review attempted to explore all recent clinical studies that have investigated the clinical and autoimmune impact of gut microbiota interventions in multiple... (Review)
Review
This review attempted to explore all recent clinical studies that have investigated the clinical and autoimmune impact of gut microbiota interventions in multiple sclerosis (MS), including dietary protocols, probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and intermittent fasting (IF). Thirteen studies were held between 2011 and 2023 this demonstrated interventions in gut microbiome among patients with MS and their impact the clinical parameters of the disease. These included specialized dietary interventions, the supply of probiotic mixtures, FMT, and IF. Dietary interventions positively affected various aspects of MS, including relapse rates, EDSS disability scores, MS-related fatigue, and metabolic features. Probiotic mixtures showed promising results on MS-related fatigue, EDSS parameters, inflammation; meanwhile, FMT-though a limited number of studies was included-indicated some clinical improvement in similar variables. IF showed reductions in EDSS scores and significant improvement in patients' emotional statuses. In dietary protocols, clinical MS parameters, including relapse rate, EDSS, MFIS, FSS, and MSQoL54 scales, were significantly improved through the application of a specific diet each time. Probiotic nutritional mixtures promote a shift in inflammation towards an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile in patients with MS. The administration of such mixtures affected disability, mood levels, and quality of life among patients with MS. FMT protocols possibly demonstrate a therapeutic effect in some case reports. IF protocols were found to ameliorate EDSS and FAMS scores. All interventional means of gut microbiome modulation provided significant conclusions on several clinical aspects of MS and highlight the complexity in the relationship between MS and the gut microbiome.
PubMed: 38137679
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247610 -
Cureus Jul 2023The gut microbiota has been studied and continues to be a developing area in the pathognomic development of metabolic diseases like diabetes. Treatment with diet... (Review)
Review
The gut microbiota has been studied and continues to be a developing area in the pathognomic development of metabolic diseases like diabetes. Treatment with diet changes, the addition of supplements like prebiotics/probiotics, and the impact of fecal microbial transplantation can be correlated to targeting changes in dysbiosis. Understanding the impacts of various anti-hyperglycemic agents such as metformin and the implications of post-bariatric surgery on the gut microbiota diversity has emerged. These areas of study are crucial to understanding the pathognomic aspects of diabetes disease progression at the microbial level of metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms, which may give more insight into focusing on the role of diet prebiotic/probiotic supplements as potential forms of prospective management in diabetes and the development of more agents that target gut microbiota, which harbors low-grade inflammation. Intestinal dysbiosis was consistently observed in the mechanism of gut microbial change in diabetic individuals, contributing to reduced insulin sensitivity and poor glycemic control. This systematic review was carried out using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 checklist. We performed a literature search using the PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct databases in accordance with the eligibility criteria and ultimately selected 14 articles for final analysis. The Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) and the PRISMA 2020 checklist were used to assess the quality of selected articles for cross-sectional studies, traditional literature reviews, and systematic reviews, respectively. We collected papers from 2012 to 2022 for this review. We gathered articles from databases, such as this study, which show there is a strong connection between microbiota and diabetes that appears to exist. The objective is to assess and identify any dietary and therapeutic agents that may alter the microbiota and potentially target and modulate insulin sensitivity. This review article will discuss the pathophysiological effects of gut microbiota in diabetes management and the impact of various gut biodiversity therapeutics that can aid in reversing insulin sensitivity.
PubMed: 37554593
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41559 -
Clinical and Translational Allergy Jul 2023Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevailing skin disease in childhood. Several studies have appraised probiotics as a strategy for treating AD. We aimed to assess the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevailing skin disease in childhood. Several studies have appraised probiotics as a strategy for treating AD. We aimed to assess the validity of probiotics in the treatment of AD in children.
METHODS
We systematically searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science and Cochrane library databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the effect of probiotic treatment on SCORAD value in pediatric patients with AD compared with a placebo group between 1 January 2010 and 1 January 2023. The risk of bias and the certainty of evidence were assessed using Cochrane ROB 2.0.
RESULTS
A total of 10 outcomes from 9 RCTs involving 1000 patients were included. Three of these outcomes were analyzed as dichotomous variables in 373 patients. The other seven were analyzed for continuous variables in 627 patients. A meta-analysis of the random-effect model of the dichotomous variables demonstrated no significant difference between the probiotic and control groups [OR = 1.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.70, 4.35), p = 0.23, I = 68%]. A meta-analysis of the random-effect model of continuous variables demonstrated significant differences between the probiotic and control groups [MD = -4.24, 95% CI (-7.78, -0.71), p = 0.002, I = 71%]. Subgroup analysis of continuous variables showed that the effects of children's age, treatment duration and probiotic species on the SCORAD value were not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION
Evidence on the improvement effect of probiotics on pediatric patients with AD is limited. This study showed that single-strain probiotic treatment exerts a positive effect on AD. Restricted to the quantity and quality of incorporated studies, these conclusions have yet to be validated by high-quality studies.
PubMed: 37488736
DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12283