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European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Nov 2023Self-care is among the emerging types of mental health support which operate outside traditional services, although the meaning and practice of self-care for young... (Review)
Review
Self-care is among the emerging types of mental health support which operate outside traditional services, although the meaning and practice of self-care for young people with mental health difficulties are currently unclear. This systematic review was pre-registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021282510) and investigated conceptualizations of self-care in academic publications which investigated or discussed self-care for young people's mental health or wellbeing. A Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) workshop facilitated young people with experience of mental health difficulties to respond to the identified concepts and co-develop a definition of self-care. Searches in PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, and gray literature sources resulted in 90 included publications. Content analysis indicated little conceptual consistency, with health and wellness promotion most commonly used to define self-care. The PPI workshop co-developed a definition of mental health self-care, which attendees felt should emphasize an individual process of self-awareness, self-compassion, and specific strategies to work toward emotional balance. This study highlights the gap between current academic understandings of young people's mental health self-care and young people's experience. The presented definition will enable future research to begin from an understanding of self-care which is relevant to young people with experience of mental health difficulties.
PubMed: 37947894
DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02320-7 -
Journal of Translational Medicine May 2024Previous literature has explored the relationship between chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and isolated cancers within the upper gastrointestinal cancers; However, an... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Previous literature has explored the relationship between chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and isolated cancers within the upper gastrointestinal cancers; However, an integrative synthesis across the totality of upper gastrointestinal cancers was conspicuously absent. The research objective was to assess the relationship between CAG and the risk of incident upper gastrointestinal cancers, specifically including gastric cancer, oesophageal cancer, and oesophagogastric junction cancer.
METHODS
Rigorous systematic searches were conducted across three major databases, namely PubMed, Embase and Web of Science, encompassing the timeline from database inception until August 10, 2023. We extracted the necessary odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for subsequent meta-analysis. Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata 17.0 software.
RESULTS
This meta-analysis included a total of 23 articles encompassing 5858 patients diagnosed with upper gastrointestinal cancers. CAG resulted in a statistically significant 4.12-fold elevated risk of incident gastric cancer (OR = 4.12, 95% CI 3.20-5.30). Likewise, CAG was linked to a 2.08-fold increased risk of incident oesophageal cancer (OR = 2.08, 95%CI 1.60-2.72). Intriguingly, a specific correlation was found between CAG and the risk of incident oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OR = 2.29, 95%CI 1.77-2.95), while no significant association was detected for oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OR = 0.62, 95%CI 0.17-2.26). Moreover, CAG was correlated with a 2.77-fold heightened risk of oesophagogastric junction cancer (OR = 2.77, 95%CI 2.21-3.46). Notably, for the same type of upper gastrointestinal cancer, it was observed that diagnosing CAG through histological methods was linked to a 33-77% higher risk of developing cancer compared to diagnosing CAG through serological methods.
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis indicated a two- to fourfold increased risk of gastric cancer, oesophageal cancer, and oesophagogastric junction cancer in patients with CAG. Importantly, for the same upper gastrointestinal cancer, the risk of incident cancer was higher when CAG was diagnosed histologically compared to serological diagnosis. Further rigorous study designs are required to explore the impact of CAG diagnosed through both diagnostic methods on the risk of upper gastrointestinal cancers.
Topics: Humans; Gastritis, Atrophic; Risk Factors; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Chronic Disease; Incidence; Esophageal Neoplasms; Stomach Neoplasms; Male; Odds Ratio; Female; Publication Bias
PubMed: 38711123
DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04736-w -
Journal of Medical Internet Research Aug 2023Telehealth interventions have become increasingly important in health care provision, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Video calls have emerged as a popular... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Telehealth interventions have become increasingly important in health care provision, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Video calls have emerged as a popular and effective method for delivering telehealth services; however, barriers limit the adoption among allied health professionals and nurses.
OBJECTIVE
This review aimed to identify and map the perceived barriers to the use of video call-based telehealth interventions among allied health professionals and nurses.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed and CINAHL databases on June 22, 2022, and updated on January 3, 2023, following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. Only original studies published in English or German since June 2017 that reported barriers to the use of video call-based telehealth interventions were eligible for inclusion. The studies had to involve interviews, focus groups, or questionnaires with physical therapists, occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, audiologists, orthoptists, dieticians, midwives, or nurses. Each publication was coded for basic characteristics, including country, health profession, and target group. Inductive coding was used to identify the patterns, themes, and categories in the data. Individual codings were analyzed and summarized narratively, with similarities and differences in barriers identified across health professions and target groups.
RESULTS
A total of 56 publications were included in the review, with barriers identified and categorized into 8 main categories and 23 subcategories. The studies were conducted in various countries, predominantly the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, Canada, Israel, and India. Questionnaires were the most commonly used evaluation method, with 10,245 health professionals involved. Interviews or focus groups were conducted with 288 health professionals. Most of the included publications focused on specific health care professions, with the highest number addressing barriers for physical therapists, speech and language therapists, and audiologists. The barriers were related to technology issues, practice issues, patient issues, environmental issues, attributions, interpersonal issues, policies and regulations, and administration issues. The most reported barriers included the lack of hands-on experience, unreliable network connection, the lack of technology access, diminished fidelity of observations and poor conditions for visual instructions, the lack of technology skills, and diminished client-practitioner interaction and communication.
CONCLUSIONS
This review identified key barriers to video call-based telehealth use by allied health professionals and nurses, which can foster the development of stable infrastructure, education, training, guidelines, policies, and support systems to improve telehealth services. Further research is necessary to identify potential solutions to the identified barriers.
Topics: Humans; Pandemics; COVID-19; Telemedicine; Australia; Health Personnel
PubMed: 37526957
DOI: 10.2196/46715 -
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management Apr 2024The provision of person-centered dignity-conserving care is central to palliative care. It is important to reevaluate current methods of assessing dignity as the concept... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
The provision of person-centered dignity-conserving care is central to palliative care. It is important to reevaluate current methods of assessing dignity as the concept of dignity is multifaceted.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study is to understand the tools which are used to assess a patient's dignity and the elements of dignity evaluated in these tools.
METHODS
Two independent and concurrent Systematic Evidence-Based Approach guided systematic scoping reviews (SSR in SEBA) on existing dignity assessment tools and on accounts of assessments of dignity were carried out. The SSR in SEBA on dignity assessment tools involving PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, and CINAHL databases saw 22 full-text articles included from the 645 articles reviewed. The SSR in SEBA on accounts of assessments of dignity featured in the PubMed database identified 102 full-text articles which saw 46 articles included.
RESULTS
The domains identified were factors affecting patients' definition of dignity; elements of dignity-conserving care; and components of effective tools.
CONCLUSION
Current accounts to assess dignity and assessment tools fail to capture shifting self-concepts of dignity holistically. A portfolio-like appraisal of dignity is proposed to achieve assessments that are timely, longitudinal, and patient-specific. Portfolio-based assessments by members of the multidisciplinary team will better direct timely evaluations of relevant aspects of changing concepts of dignity, without losing the patient's holistic perception of dignity.
Topics: Humans; Palliative Care; Personhood; Respect; Systematic Reviews as Topic; Terminal Care
PubMed: 38092260
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.12.008 -
Nutrition & Diabetes May 2024Vitamin D deficiency has been linked with several adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
BACKGROUND
Vitamin D deficiency has been linked with several adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
OBJECTIVE
To summarize systematic reviews and meta-analyses evaluating the effects of vitamin D deficiency and of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy on maternal and offspring health-related outcomes.
METHODS
Prior to conducting this umbrella review, we registered the protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42022368003). We conducted searches in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for systematic reviews and meta-analyses on vitamin D in pregnancy, from database inception to October 2, 2023. All outcomes related to vitamin D in pregnancy obtained from the systematic reviews and meta-analyses were extracted.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two reviewers independently chose studies and collected information on health outcomes. The quality of the included articles' methodology was assessed using AMSTAR 2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews-2).
RESULTS
We identified 16 eligible systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which included 250,569 women. Our results demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy is associated with increased risk of preterm birth, small-for gestational age/low birth weight infants, recurrent miscarriage, bacterial vaginosis and gestational diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy increases birth weight, and reduces the risk of maternal pre-eclampsia, miscarriage, and vitamin D deficiency, fetal or neonatal mortality, as well as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder in childhood. In women with gestational diabetes mellitus, vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy can reduce the risk of maternal hyperbilirubinemia, polyhydramnios, macrosomia, fetal distress, and neonatal hospitalization.
CONCLUSION
Due to the association with adverse maternal and offspring health outcomes, we recommend the vitamin D status in pregnancy should be monitored, particularly in women at high risk of vitamin D deficiency. It is suggested that pregnant women take a dose of >400 IU/day of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy to prevent certain adverse outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Pregnancy; Female; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin D; Pregnancy Complications; Dietary Supplements; Pregnancy Outcome; Systematic Reviews as Topic; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Infant, Newborn; Premature Birth
PubMed: 38816412
DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00296-0 -
Frontiers in Nutrition 2024The associations of dietary patterns with the risk of hyperuricemia (HUA) are contradictory. Several fair-quality observational studies with inconsistent results have... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The associations of dietary patterns with the risk of hyperuricemia (HUA) are contradictory. Several fair-quality observational studies with inconsistent results have been published following a prior review. Herein, we carried out an updated systematic review and meta-analysis to quantitatively analyze the aforementioned relationships.
METHODS
Our analysis protocol has been registered with PROSPEPO (Number: CRD42022376745). English publications were searched in Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science from inception to January 1, 2024. Summary odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by a random-effects model. We also conducted subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses and publication bias assessments.
RESULTS
Thirteen studies with a total of 163,192 participants were included in the current meta-analysis. Our finding revealed that the plant-based pattern was linked with a 17% decreased risk of HUA (OR = 0.83, 95%CI = 0.72-0.94, = 72.9%, = 10). There was no evidence of publication bias in the present analysis. The results of subgroup analyses were generally consistent with the main findings. In meta-regression analyses, no evidence of heterogeneity was detected in the subgroups. Furthermore, our analyses indicated that the animal-based food pattern (OR = 1.36, 95%CI = 1.25-1.47, = 26.7%, = 11) and sweet food pattern (OR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.06-1.46, = 0, = 2) was related to an increased risk of HUA.
CONCLUSION
The plant-based pattern is inversely correlated with HUA risk, whereas animal-based food patterns and sweet food patterns are positively correlated with HUA risk.
PubMed: 38481974
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1218912 -
Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of... Dec 2023Given the central role that radiation has in the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary origin, it is imperative to review how treatment...
PURPOSE
Given the central role that radiation has in the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary origin, it is imperative to review how treatment paradigms have been refined and continue to evolve in the modern era.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
This study was designed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. A literature search of peer-reviewed publications was undertaken to identify works pertaining to the use of radiation for squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary origin presenting as cervical lymph node metastases. Articles published from January 2002 to January 2023 with full text available on PubMed and restricted to the English language and human subjects were included. The full bibliographies of identified articles were reviewed and irrelevant studies were removed.
RESULTS
While such breakthroughs as intensity-modulated radiotherapy, positron emission tomography, biomarker testing with immune-histochemistry, and minimally invasive surgical techniques such as transoral robotic surgery have fundamentally changed the approach to this disease in recent decades, controversies still exist with respect to the manner in which radiation is delivered. Although the incidence of head and neck unknown primary cancer is relatively low, questions regarding the necessity of comprehensive radiation using the age-old standard method of targeting the bilateral necks and entire pharyngeal axis to encompass all putative sites of mucosal disease persist.
CONCLUSIONS
Prospective evidence is lacking, and the available studies have been complicated by such factors as the relatively limited sample sizes, as well as the variability in work-up, treatment, inclusion criteria, and follow-up. Regardless, advances in science and technology have ushered in more precise approaches with a high degree of customization, particularly given the increased proportion of patients presenting with human papillomavirus-related disease.
Topics: Humans; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary; Papillomavirus Infections; Systematic Reviews as Topic
PubMed: 37844736
DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109952 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2023Research on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has grown significantly, and researchers cannot access the vast amount of literature. This study aimed to explore the research... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Research on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has grown significantly, and researchers cannot access the vast amount of literature. This study aimed to explore the research progress in studying HCC over the past 30 years using a machine learning-based bibliometric analysis and to suggest future research directions.
METHODS
Comprehensive research was conducted between 1991 and 2020 in the public version of the PubMed database using the MeSH term "hepatocellular carcinoma." The complete records of the collected results were downloaded in Extensible Markup Language format, and the metadata of each publication, such as the publication year, the type of research, the corresponding author's country, the title, the abstract, and the MeSH terms, were analyzed. We adopted a latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling method on the Python platform to analyze the research topics of the scientific publications.
RESULTS
In the last 30 years, there has been significant and constant growth in the annual publications about HCC (annual percentage growth rate: 7.34%). Overall, 62,856 articles related to HCC from the past 30 years were searched and finally included in this study. Among the diagnosis-related terms, "Liver Cirrhosis" was the most studied. However, in the 2010s, "Biomarkers, Tumor" began to outpace "Liver Cirrhosis." Regarding the treatment-related MeSH terms, "Hepatectomy" was the most studied; however, recent studies related to "Antineoplastic Agents" showed a tendency to supersede hepatectomy. Regarding basic research, the study of "Cell Lines, Tumors,'' appeared after 2000 and has been the most studied among these terms.
CONCLUSION
This was the first machine learning-based bibliometric study to analyze more than 60,000 publications about HCC over the past 30 years. Despite significant efforts in analyzing the literature on basic research, its connection with the clinical field is still lacking. Therefore, more efforts are needed to convert and apply basic research results to clinical treatment. Additionally, it was found that microRNAs have potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for HCC.
PubMed: 37664017
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1227991 -
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) Mar 2024Flywheel resistance training has become more integrated within resistance training programs in a variety of sports due to the neuromuscular, strength, and task-specific... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Flywheel resistance training has become more integrated within resistance training programs in a variety of sports due to the neuromuscular, strength, and task-specific enhancements reported with this training.
OBJECTIVE
This paper aimed to present the consensus reached by internationally recognized experts during a meeting on current definitions and guidelines for the implementation of flywheel resistance training technology in sports.
METHODS
Nineteen experts from different countries took part in the consensus process; 16 of them were present at the consensus meeting (18 May 2023) while three submitted their recommendations by e-mail. Prior to the meeting, evidence summaries were developed relating to areas of priority. This paper discusses the available evidence and consensus process from which recommendations were made regarding the appropriate use of flywheel resistance training technology in sports. The process to gain consensus had five steps: (1) performing a systematic review of systematic reviews, (2) updating the most recent umbrella review published on this topic, (3) first round discussion among a sample of the research group included in this consensus statement, (4) selection of research group members-process of the consensus meeting and formulation of the recommendations, and (5) the consensus process. The systematic analysis of the literature was performed to select the most up-to-date review papers available on the topic, which resulted in nine articles; their methodological quality was assessed according to AMSTAR 2 (Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Review 2) and GRADE (Grading Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation). Statements and recommendations scoring 7-9 were considered appropriate.
RESULTS
The recommendations were based on the evidence summary and researchers' expertise; the consensus statement included three statements and seven recommendations for the use of flywheel resistance training technology. These statements and recommendations were anonymously voted on and qualitatively analyzed. The three statements reported a score ranging from 8.1 to 8.8, and therefore, all statements included in this consensus were considered appropriate. The recommendations (1-7) had a score ranging from 7.7 to 8.6, and therefore, all recommendations were considered appropriate.
CONCLUSIONS
Because of the consensus achieved among the experts in this project, it is suggested that practitioners and researchers should adopt the guidelines reported in this consensus statement regarding the use of flywheel resistance technology in sports.
Topics: Humans; Resistance Training; Systematic Reviews as Topic; Consensus
PubMed: 38175461
DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01979-x -
PloS One 2023Heart failure is an important global health problem which is associated with high mortality. Uncontrolled heart failure leads to hospitalization and reduction in quality... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Heart failure is an important global health problem which is associated with high mortality. Uncontrolled heart failure leads to hospitalization and reduction in quality of life. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the treatment outcome such as improved, death, hospitalization, and self-discharges without improvement and associated factors in heart failure patients admitted to south western Ethiopian hospitals.
METHODS
We will use databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, HINARI, Scopus and Google Scholar. The final systematic review and meta-analysis will contain papers that fulfill the eligible criteria. A systematic data extraction check list will be used to extract the data, and STATA version 14 will be used for the analysis. Heterogeneity is evaluated using the I2 tests and the Cochrane Q test statistic. To examine publication bias, a funnel plot, Egger's weighted regression, and Begg's test are utilized. The sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis will be done for studies having heterogeneity. The Joanna Briggs institute meta-analysis of statistics assessment and review instrument (JBI- MAStARI) will be used for quality assessment.
DISCUSSION
This protocol is expected to provide adequate evidence on the burden of poor heart failure treatment outcome that includes self-discharge, developing complication and finally leads to death in acute and chronic heart failure patients in Ethiopia. Furthermore, to enrich our estimation, we also intended to assess the associated factors of poor treatment outcome. Therefore, our review will call for government and non-government interventions in reducing the mortality associated with heart failure.
Topics: Humans; Ethiopia; Heart Failure; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Review Literature as Topic; Systematic Reviews as Topic; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38127971
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291686