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Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2023The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of treatment for inflammatory bowel diseases in modulating oxidative stress biomarkers and cytokine levels. A... (Review)
Review
The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of treatment for inflammatory bowel diseases in modulating oxidative stress biomarkers and cytokine levels. A systematic review of clinical trials was conducted, searching electronic databases including PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus. After excluding articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria, 19 studies were included in the systematic review and 8 in the meta-analysis (6 for antioxidant capacity, 6 for superoxide dismutase (SOD), and 5 for lipid peroxidation analyzed through malondialdehyde (MDA) levels). SOD was significantly modulated (RR = 0.3764, 95% CI [0.0262 to 0.7267], = 0.035) but not antioxidant capacity (RR = 0.3424, 95% CI [0.0334 to 0.7183], = 0.0742) or MDA (RR = -0.8534, 95% CI [-1.9333 to 0.2265], = 0.1214). Nonetheless, studies investigating oxidative stress biomarkers and cytokines in the context of alternative therapies for IBD treatment are still scarce. This review highlights the potential of antioxidant supplementation in IBD management and underscores the need for further investigations into its effects on oxidative stress biomarkers and cytokines to improve therapeutic approaches for IBD patients.
PubMed: 37895845
DOI: 10.3390/ph16101374 -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2023The aim of this meta-analysis is to explore all the available literature to obtain updated data about the potential use of antioxidants in the treatment of rheumatoid... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this meta-analysis is to explore all the available literature to obtain updated data about the potential use of antioxidants in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its ability to reduce disease progression and cardiovascular risk.
METHODS
This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed strictly in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. English and Chinese databases were searched with a retrieval time up to March 2023. These databases included the PubMed, Embase, Medline Complete, Web of Sciences and Cochrane Collaboration, Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and VIP databases. This literature search was formulated by the two researchers independently. The search strategy consists of reading, collecting the literature, and conducting the preliminary screening. After that, they provide the final selection of the literature according to the inclusion criteria and data extraction. Also, for all studies, the risk bias was assessed to evaluate the quality of the included references. The content of the risk assessment of bias included the following criteria: random allocation method, allocation plan hiding, blind method, completeness of result data, and selectivity of reporting of results, as well as other biases. The main outcomes were clinical efficiency of antioxidant therapy (C-reactive protein, DAS28 score, HAQ, Number of tender joints, etc.) and oxidative stress indicators (catalase, superoxide dismutase, or total antioxidant capacity).
RESULTS
We observed, in most of the studies, the small or moderate effects of antioxidant treatment. The mean effect size is 0.525, and that means that moderate effects were observed in 30 selected RCTs. Also, this effect is confirmed in the 1652 patients with RA with the mean confidence interval of 0.276 (lower limit) and 0.983 (upper limit). Cohen coefficient was calculated at 0.05.
CONCLUSION
The existing evidence is that antioxidants can reduce systemic and local oxidative stress and can reduce damage as the main agent involved in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
PubMed: 38001790
DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111938 -
Phytomedicine : International Journal... Jun 2024Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the primary active compound in green tea, is recognized for its significant anti-inflammatory properties and potential pharmacological... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the primary active compound in green tea, is recognized for its significant anti-inflammatory properties and potential pharmacological effects on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, comprehensive preclinical evidence supporting the use of EGCG in treating IBD is currently insufficient.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of EGCG in animal models of IBD and explore potential underlying mechanisms, serving as a groundwork for future clinical investigations.
METHODS
A systematic review of pertinent preclinical studies published until September 1, 2023, in databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library was conducted, adhering to stringent quality criteria. The potential mechanisms via which EGCG may address IBD were summarized. STATA v16.0 was used to perform a meta-analysis to assess IBD pathology, inflammation, and indicators of oxidative stress. Additionally, dose-response analysis and machine learning models were utilized to evaluate the dose-effect relationship and determine the optimal dosage of EGCG for IBD treatment.
RESULTS
The analysis included 19 studies involving 309 animals. The findings suggest that EGCG can ameliorate IBD-related pathology in animals, with a reduction in inflammatory and oxidative stress indicators. These effects were observed through significant changes in histological scores, Disease Activity Index, Colitis Macroscopic Damage Index and colon length; a decrease in markers such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and interferon-γ; and alterations in malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and catalase levels. Subgroup analysis indicated that the oral administration route of EGCG exhibited superior efficacy over other administration routes. Dose-response analysis and machine learning outcomes highlighted an optimal EGCG dosage range of 32-62 mg/kg/day, with an intervention duration of 4.8-13.6 days.
CONCLUSIONS
EGCG exhibits positive effects on IBD, particularly when administered at the dose range of 32 - 62 mg/kg/day, primarily attributed to its ability to regulate inflammation and oxidative stress levels.
Topics: Catechin; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Animals; Oxidative Stress; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Tea; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
PubMed: 38503153
DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155408 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023According to existing laboratory data, ginsenoside Rg1 may help cure diabetes and its complications by reducing oxidative stress (OS) and managing inflammation....
According to existing laboratory data, ginsenoside Rg1 may help cure diabetes and its complications by reducing oxidative stress (OS) and managing inflammation. However, this conclusion lacks reliability and is unclear. As a result, the purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in the treatment of diabetes and its complications. We searched for relevant studies published through December 2022, including electronic bibliographic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang. The SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation Risk of Bias (SYRCLE RoB) tool was used to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the methodological quality of animal research. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan5.4 software, following the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. This study is registered in the International Systems Review Prospective Registry (PROSPERO) as CRD42023386830. Eighteen eligible studies involving 401 animals were included. Ginsenoside Rg1 was significantly correlated with blood glucose (BG), insulin levels, body weight, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. In addition, according to subgroup analysis, the hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in type 2 diabetic animals were not affected by experimental species, modeling, experimental drug dosage, or course of treatment. This meta-analysis presents a summary of the hypoglycemic effects of ginsenoside Rg1, which are achieved through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. These findings provide evidence-based support for the medical efficacy of ginsenoside Rg1. Specifically, ginsenoside Rg1 reduced MDA levels and restored SOD activity to exert its antioxidant activity. It had a positive effect on the reduction of IL-6 and TNF-α levels. However, the inclusion of studies with low methodological quality and the presence of publication bias may undermine the validity of the results. Further investigation with a more rigorous experimental design and comprehensive studies is necessary to fully understand the specific glycemic mechanisms of ginsenosides. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier https://CRD42023386830.
PubMed: 37745069
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1179705 -
Diagnostic Pathology Mar 2024Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal motor neuron disease. Due to the limited knowledge about potential biomarkers that help in early diagnosis... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal motor neuron disease. Due to the limited knowledge about potential biomarkers that help in early diagnosis and monitoring disease progression, today's diagnoses are based on ruling out other diseases, neurography, and electromyography examination, which takes a time-consuming procedure.
METHODS
PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were explored to extract articles published from January 2015 to June 2023. In the searching strategy following keywords were included; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, biomarkers, cerebrospinal fluid, serum, and plama.
RESULTS
A total number of 6 studies describing fluid-based exosomal biomarkers were included in this study. Aggregated proteins including SOD1, TDP-43, pTDP-43, and FUS could be detected in the microvesicles (MVs). Moreover, TDP-43 and NFL extracted from plasma exosomes could be used as prognostic biomarkers. Also, downregulated miR-27a-3p detected through exoEasy Maxi and exoQuick Kit in the plasma could be measured as a diagnostic biomarker. Eventually, the upregulated level of CORO1A could be used to monitor disease progression.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results, each biomarker alone is insufficient to evaluate ALS. CNS-derived exosomes contain multiple ALS-related biomarkers (SOD1, TDP-43, pTDP-43, FUS, and miRNAs) that are detectable in cerebrospinal fluid and blood is a proper alternation. Exosome detecting kits listed as exoEasy, ExoQuick, Exo-spin, ME kit, ExoQuick Plus, and Exo-Flow, are helpful to reach this purpose.
Topics: Humans; Exosomes; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Biomarkers; DNA-Binding Proteins; Disease Progression
PubMed: 38429818
DOI: 10.1186/s13000-024-01473-6 -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023Sleep deprivation is highly prevalent in the modern world, possibly reaching epidemic proportions. While multiple theories regarding the roles of sleep exist... (Review)
Review
Sleep deprivation is highly prevalent in the modern world, possibly reaching epidemic proportions. While multiple theories regarding the roles of sleep exist (inactivity, energy conservation, restoration, brain plasticity and antioxidant), multiple unknowns still remain regarding the proposed antioxidant roles of sleep. The existing experimental evidence is often contradicting, with studies pointing both toward and against the presence of oxidative stress after sleep deprivation. The main goals of this review were to analyze the existing experimental data regarding the relationship between sleep deprivation and oxidative stress, to attempt to further clarify multiple aspects surrounding this relationship and to identify current knowledge gaps. Systematic searches were conducted in three major online databases for experimental studies performed on rat models with oxidative stress measurements, published between 2015 and 2022. A total of 54 studies were included in the review. Most results seem to point to changes in oxidative stress parameters after sleep deprivation, further suggesting an antioxidant role of sleep. Alterations in these parameters were observed in both paradoxical and total sleep deprivation protocols and in multiple rat strains. Furthermore, the effects of sleep deprivation seem to extend beyond the central nervous system, affecting multiple other body sites in the periphery. Sleep recovery seems to be characterized by an increased variability, with the presence of both normalizations in some parameters and long-lasting changes after sleep deprivation. Surprisingly, most studies revealed the presence of a stress response following sleep deprivation. However, the origin and the impact of the stress response during sleep deprivation remain somewhat unclear. While a definitive exclusion of the influence of the sleep deprivation protocol on the stress response is not possible, the available data seem to suggest that the observed stress response may be determined by sleep deprivation itself as opposed to the experimental conditions. Due to this fact, the observed oxidative changes could be attributed directly to sleep deprivation.
PubMed: 37627596
DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081600 -
Lipids in Health and Disease Feb 2024Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is widespread in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, and its treatment options are currently limited. Adiponectin... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is widespread in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, and its treatment options are currently limited. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipocytokine with cardioprotective properties; however, the mechanisms of APN in MIRI are unclear. Therefore, based on preclinical (animal model) evidence, the cardioprotective effects of APN and the underlying mechanisms were explored.
METHODS
The literature was searched for the protective effect of APN on MIRI in six databases until 16 November 2023, and data were extracted according to selection criteria. The outcomes were the size of the myocardial necrosis area and hemodynamics. Markers of oxidation, apoptosis, and inflammation were secondary outcome indicators. The quality evaluation was performed using the animal study evaluation scale recommended by the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation statement. Stata/MP 14.0 software was used for the summary analysis.
RESULTS
In total, 20 papers with 426 animals were included in this study. The pooled analysis revealed that APN significantly reduced myocardial infarct size [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 16.67 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 13.18 to 20.16, P < 0.001)] and improved hemodynamics compared to the MIRI group [Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure: WMD = 5.96 (95% CI = 4.23 to 7.70, P < 0.001); + dP/dtmax: WMD = 1393.59 (95% CI = 972.57 to 1814.60, P < 0.001); -dP/dtmax: WMD = 850.06 (95% CI = 541.22 to 1158.90, P < 0.001); Left ventricular ejection fraction: WMD = 9.96 (95% CI = 7.29 to 12.63, P < 0.001)]. Apoptosis indicators [caspase-3: standardized mean difference (SMD) = 3.86 (95% CI = 2.97 to 4.76, P < 0.001); TUNEL-positive cells: WMD = 13.10 (95% CI = 8.15 to 18.05, P < 0.001)], inflammatory factor levels [TNF-α: SMD = 4.23 (95% CI = 2.48 to 5.98, P < 0.001)], oxidative stress indicators [Superoxide production: SMD = 4.53 (95% CI = 2.39 to 6.67, P < 0.001)], and lactate dehydrogenase levels [SMD = 2.82 (95% CI = 1.60 to 4.04, P < 0.001)] were significantly reduced. However, the superoxide dismutase content was significantly increased [SMD = 1.91 (95% CI = 1.17 to 2.65, P < 0.001)].
CONCLUSION
APN protects against MIRI via anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant effects, and this effect is achieved by activating different signaling pathways.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Adiponectin; Myocardial Infarction; Signal Transduction; Apoptosis
PubMed: 38368320
DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02028-w -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023Although several meta-analyses support the positive effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, the results of some other studies...
Although several meta-analyses support the positive effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, the results of some other studies reject such effects. Therefore, in this umbrella meta-analysis, we performed a comprehensive systematic search in such databases as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar up to January 2023. Based on standardized mean difference analysis, CoQ10 supplementation significantly decreased serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (ES = -0.39; 95% CI: 0.77, -0.01, = 0.042) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (ES = -1.17; 95% CI: 1.55, -0.79, < 0.001), while it increased the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (ES = 1.21; 95% CI: 0.61, 1.81, < 0.001) and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (ES = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.37, 1.79, = 0.003). However, CoQ10 supplementation had no significant reducing effect on tumor-necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) (ES = -0.70; 95% CI: 2.09, 0.68, = 0.320) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels (ES = -0.85; 95% CI: 1.71, 0.01, = 0.053). Based on weighted mean difference analysis, CoQ10 supplementation considerably decreased TNF-α (ES = -0.46, 95% CI: 0.65, -0.27; < 0.001), IL-6 (ES = -0.92, 95% CI: 1.40, -0.45; < 0.001), and CRP levels (effect sizes = -0.28, 95% CI: 0.47, -0.09; < 0.001). The results of our meta-analysis supported the alleviating effects of CoQ10 on markers of inflammation cautiously. However, CoQ10 had antioxidant effects regarding the improvement of all the studied antioxidant and oxidative stress biomarkers. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=323861, identifier CRD42022323861.
PubMed: 37614320
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1191290 -
Inflammopharmacology Aug 2023Quercetin, a typical flavonoid derived from a common natural plant, has multiple biological activities. Previous research in animal models has demonstrated the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Quercetin, a typical flavonoid derived from a common natural plant, has multiple biological activities. Previous research in animal models has demonstrated the effectiveness of quercetin in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The pharmacological effects and probable mechanisms of quercetin were evaluated in this study. Three databases, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, were searched for relevant studies from the creation of the databases to November 2022. Methodological quality was assessed using the SYRCLE risk of bias tool. STATA 15.1 was used to perform the statistical analysis. This research included 17 studies involving 251 animals. The results indicated that quercetin was able to reduce arthritis scores, paw swelling, histopathological scores, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), C-reactive protein (CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and increase interleukin-10 (IL-10), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). These may be related to quercetin's potential anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and osteoprotective properties. However, more high-quality animal studies are needed to assess the effect of quercetin on RA. Additionally, the safety of quercetin requires further confirmation. Given the importance of the active ingredient, dose selection and the improvement of quercetin's bioavailability remain to be explored.
Topics: Animals; Quercetin; Oxidative Stress; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Reactive Oxygen Species; Antioxidants; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Glutathione; NF-kappa B
PubMed: 37150762
DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01196-y -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023Potentilla discolor Bunge (PDB) is an ancient herb of traditional Chinese medicine. Studies have suggested that extracts of PDB may ameliorate diabetes mellitus (DM)....
Potentilla discolor Bunge (PDB) is an ancient herb of traditional Chinese medicine. Studies have suggested that extracts of PDB may ameliorate diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to systematically assess the efficacy of PDB extracts on glycolipid metabolism and oxidative stress in animal models of diabetes and to provide evidence-based references for the use of PDB extracts. This study followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies were searched from eight databases until January 2023. Statistical analysis was performed using StataSE 15.0 and RevMan 5.3. The standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using the random-effects model. SYRCLE's risk of bias tool was used to assess the risk of bias. In total, 32 studies with 574 animals were included. The findings demonstrated that PDB extracts considerably lowered fasting blood glucose (SMD: -3.56, 95%CI: -4.40 to -2.72, < 0.00001); insulin resistance (SMD: -3.19, 95% CI: -5.46 to -0.92, = 0.006), total cholesterol (SMD: -2.18, 95%CI: -2.89 to -1.46, < 0.00001), triglyceride (SMD: -1.48, 95% CI: -2.01 to -0.96, < 0.00001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (SMD: -1.80, 95% CI: -2.58 to -1.02], < 0.00001), malondialdehyde (SMD: -3.46, 95% CI: -4.64 to -2.29, < 0.00001) and free fatty acid levels (SMD: -3.25, 95%CI: -5.33 to -1.16, = 0.002), meanwhile, increased insulin sensitivity index (SMD: 2.51 95% CI: 1.10 to 3.92, = 0.0005), body weight (SMD:1.20, 95% CI: 0.38 to 2.01, = 0.004), and the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (SMD: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.40 to 1.69, = 0.001), superoxide dismutase (SMD:2.63, 95% CI: 1.53 to 3.73, < 0.00001), glutathione peroxidase (SMD:1.13, 95%CI: 0.42 to1.83, = 0.002), and catalase (SMD:0.75, 95% CI: 0.11 to 1.40], = 0.02). These findings suggest that PDB extracts can ameliorate DM by improving glycolipid metabolism and oxidative stress. PDB may be a promising medication for DM; however, due to significant heterogeneity between studies, these findings should be interpreted with caution. In addition, future well-designed trials should determine which components of the PDB play a major role in ameliorating DM and whether these benefits persist in humans. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, CRD42023379391.
PubMed: 37849729
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1218757