-
Scientific Reports Jul 2023We aimed to assess the effects of interaction between several breathing patterns and postures on abdominal muscle activation and intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). This...
We aimed to assess the effects of interaction between several breathing patterns and postures on abdominal muscle activation and intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). This comparative cross-sectional study enrolled fourteen healthy university students majoring in sports science and/or physical education. They performed four active breathing tasks: quiet nasal breathing (Q-Bre), nasal deep breathing (Deep-Bre), completely forced expiration (Forced-Expi), and exertional nasal inhalation with abdominal muscles with isometric contraction (Exertion-Inspi) in the elbow-toe plank and supine postures. Breathing volume; IAP; and transverse abdominis-internal oblique muscle (TrA-IO) and external oblique muscle (EO) activities were recorded. Abdominal muscle activity and IAP significantly interacted with breathing pattern and postures during the expiratory phase (p < 0.05). In the inspiratory phase, TrA-IO activity was significantly affected by breathing pattern and EO activity with posture (p < 0.05). TrA-IO activity significantly increased during Forced-Expi in the supine posture (47.6% of the maximum voluntary contraction) and Exertion-Inspi in the elbow-toe posture (35.7%), whereas no differences were found during Deep-Bre or Q-Bre (< 20%). EO activity increased in the elbow-toe posture (22.5-30.6%) compared with that in the supine posture (< 5%) during all breathing tasks. IAP values were low during all tasks (< 15%) except for Forced-Expi (24.9%). Abdominal muscle activation and IAP interacted with the breathing pattern and posture.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Electromyography; Abdominal Muscles; Posture; Respiration; Muscle Contraction
PubMed: 37443166
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37629-5 -
Journal of Biomechanics Dec 2023Pain in the lower part of the back is one of the most common chronic illnesses globally. This work aimed to determine the impact of the reinforcement of particular...
Pain in the lower part of the back is one of the most common chronic illnesses globally. This work aimed to determine the impact of the reinforcement of particular groups of abdominal and dorsal muscles on the loads exerted on the lumbar section of the spine in 30 mothers of children with motor disabilities. An optical Ariel Performance Analysis System recorded and processed the kinematics data of everyday activities. Tests investigating the effects of the strengthening or weakening of abdominal and dorsal muscles on loading in the lumbar section of the spine utilized the AnyBody Modelling System. Input data for the simulations included mean values of body positions, while the effects of strengthening or weakening of muscles were simulated in the muscle forces model by introducing different values for muscle physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA). Simulations used decreasing or increasing PCSA values of abdominal muscles and the erector spinae. The analysis involved component and resultant force values on the lumbosacral joint (L5-S1) of the spine and intra-abdominal pressure values. The highest reduction of the resultant reaction value in L5-S1 was observed in the simulations that increased the PCSA of the transverse abdominal (TrA). Indeed, a double increase in the TrA cross-section caused a reduction of the resultant reaction in L5-S1 by 30% and the anterior-posterior and proximal-distal forces by approximately 20-30%. Increased PCSA of the erector spinae exerted higher loads on the spine. These results indicate that strengthening weakened abdominal muscles, particularly TrA, in parents of children with motor disabilities reduces lower spinal loads during daily activities.
Topics: Child; Humans; Lumbar Vertebrae; Disabled Children; Spine; Abdominal Muscles; Abdomen; Parents; Biomechanical Phenomena
PubMed: 37976939
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111864 -
Journal of Holistic Nursing : Official... Mar 2024Deep diaphragmatic breathing (DDB) involves slow and fully contraction of the diaphragm with expansion of the belly during inhalation, and slow and fully contraction of...
Deep diaphragmatic breathing (DDB) involves slow and fully contraction of the diaphragm with expansion of the belly during inhalation, and slow and fully contraction of the abdominal muscles with reduction of the belly during exhalation. It is the key component of the holistic mind-body exercises commonly used for patients with multimorbidity. The purpose of this study was to re-visit and address the fundamental anatomical and biomechanical consideration of the DDB with the relevant literature. Peer-reviewed publications from last the 15 years were retrieved, reviewed, and analyzed. In this article, we described the updated morphological and anatomical characteristics of the diaphragm. Then, we elucidated in a biomechanical approach how and why the DDB can work on the gastrointestinal, cardiopulmonary, and nervous systems as well as on regulating the intra-abdominopelvic pressure and mind-body interaction to coordinate the diaphragm-pelvic floor-abdominal complex for a variety of physical and physiological activities. Understanding of this updated DDB knowledge may help holistic healthcare professionals including holistic nurses provide better patient education and care management during the DDB or DDB-based mind-body intervention time.
Topics: Humans; Diaphragm; Pelvic Floor; Exercise; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
PubMed: 36734111
DOI: 10.1177/08980101221149866 -
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences Aug 2023This study aims at examining the effects of Pilates training on the transversus abdominis (TrA) and internal obliques (IO) muscle thickness and core endurance in...
BACKGROUND
This study aims at examining the effects of Pilates training on the transversus abdominis (TrA) and internal obliques (IO) muscle thickness and core endurance in different positions in patients with Parkinson's Disease.
METHODS
Patients were divided into 2 groups as Pilates training (n = 13) and control (n = 10) groups. Pilates training was performed twice a week for 6 weeks. The participants' muscle thickness and core endurance were measured at the beginning of the study (pretraining), and the effectiveness of Pilates training was then assessed in the 6th week (posttraining) and in the 12th-week follow-up. The thickness of the TrA and IO muscles was measured with a two-dimensional ultrasonography device. Core endurance was assessed with prone bridge and sit-ups tests.
RESULTS
The assessments of the Pilates training group after the 6-week showed a statistically significant increase in the prone bridge and sit-ups test performances, and an increase in the thickness of the IO muscle [during resting in the supine position and abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) in standing position] and the TrA muscle (during ADIM in the standing position) (p < 0.05). Pilates exercises were also shown to have improved core muscle endurance and thickness (IO thickness during ADIM in the standing position and TrA thickness during resting in the supine position, ADIM in the supine and standing position) in the Pilates training group after a period of 18 weeks (p < 0.05).
DISCUSSION
Pilates training has a favorable effect on the core endurance, and the TrA and IO muscle thickness of patients with Parkinson's disease and this effect can be maintained until three months after the training.
Topics: Humans; Parkinson Disease; Single-Blind Method; Abdominal Muscles; Exercise Therapy; Ultrasonography; Exercise Movement Techniques; Muscle Contraction
PubMed: 38031945
DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5663 -
Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.) Dec 2023Understanding patients' perceptions of symptoms and outcomes of urogynecologic surgery is essential for providing high-quality care.
IMPORTANCE
Understanding patients' perceptions of symptoms and outcomes of urogynecologic surgery is essential for providing high-quality care.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to assess association of pain catastrophizing with pelvic floor symptom distress and impact, postoperative pain, and voiding trial in patients undergoing urogynecologic surgery.
STUDY DESIGN
Individuals whose self-identified gender was female and were undergoing surgery March 2020-December 2021 were included. Participants completed the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (range 0-52), Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory, and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire preoperatively. Pain catastrophizing was score ≥30 and describes the tendency to magnify the overall threat of pain. Voiding trial failure was inability to void ≥2/3 of instilled volume (≤300 mL). The association between pain catastrophizing and symptom distress and impact was assessed with linear regression. A P < 0.05 is significant.
RESULTS
Three hundred twenty patients were included (mean age, 60 years, 87% White). Forty-six of 320 participants (14%) had a pain catastrophizing score ≥30. The pain catastrophizing group had higher body mass index (33 ± 12 vs 29 ± 5), more benzodiazepine use (26% vs 12%), greater symptom distress (154 ± 58 vs 108 ± 60), and greater urogenital (59 ± 29 vs 47 ± 28), colorectal (42 ± 24 vs 26 ± 23), and prolapse (54 ± 24 vs 36 ± 24) subscale scores, all P ≤ 0.02. The pain catastrophizing group had greater impact (153 ± 72 vs 72 ± 64, P < 0.01) and urogenital (60 ± 29 vs 34 ± 28), colorectal (36 ± 33 vs 16 ± 26), and prolapse (57 ± 32 vs 22 ± 27) subscale scores, P < 0.01. Associations remained controlling for confounders ( P < 0.01). The pain catastrophizing group had higher 10-point pain scores (8 vs 6, P < 0.01) and was more likely to report pain at 2 weeks (59% vs 20%, P < 0.01) and 3 months (25% vs 6%, P = 0.01). Voiding trial failure did not differ (26% vs 28%, P = 0.98).
CONCLUSIONS
Pain catastrophizing is associated with greater pelvic floor symptom distress and impact and postoperative pain but not voiding trial failure.
Topics: Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Pelvic Floor; Prolapse; Surveys and Questionnaires; Pain, Postoperative; Colorectal Neoplasms
PubMed: 37195629
DOI: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000001365 -
Colorectal Disease : the Official... Oct 2023The aim of this work was to determine the range of normal imaging features during total pelvic floor ultrasound (TPFUS) (transperineal, transvaginal, endovaginal and...
AIM
The aim of this work was to determine the range of normal imaging features during total pelvic floor ultrasound (TPFUS) (transperineal, transvaginal, endovaginal and endoanal) and defaecation MRI (dMRI).
METHOD
Twenty asymptomatic female volunteers (mean age 36.5 years) were prospectively investigated with dMRI and TPFUS. Subjects were screened with symptom questionnaires (ICIQ-B, St Mark's faecal incontinence score, obstructed defaecation syndrome score, ICIQ-V, BSAQ). dMRI and TPFUS were performed and interpreted by blinded clinicians according to previously published methods.
RESULTS
The subjects comprised six parous and 14 nulliparous women, of whom three were postmenopausal. There were three with a rectocoele on both modalities and one with a rectocoele on dMRI only. There was one with intussusception on TPFUS. Two had an enterocoele on both modalities and one on TPFUS only. There were six with a cystocoele on both modalities, one on dMRI only and one on TPFUS only. On dMRI, there were 12 with functional features. Four also displayed functional features on TPFUS. Two displayed functional features on TPFUS only.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates the presence of abnormal findings on dMRI and TPFUS without symptoms. There was a high rate of functional features on dMRI. This series is not large enough to redefine normal parameters but is helpful for appreciating the wide range of findings seen in health.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Rectocele; Pelvic Floor; Pelvic Floor Disorders; Ultrasonography; Hernia
PubMed: 37574701
DOI: 10.1111/codi.16709 -
Journal of Voice : Official Journal of... Jul 2023The purpose of this study was to determine the motor function of the abdominal muscles in singers with and without functional voice disorders and to examine them for... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to determine the motor function of the abdominal muscles in singers with and without functional voice disorders and to examine them for possible differences. Additionally, the breathing behaviour and posture control was investigated.
STUDY DESIGN
Observational study.
METHODS
Female subjects (n = 20) with differing levels of professional competence were used to provide the data for analysis. By using the Singing Voice Handicap Index (SVHI) the grade of dysphonia could be measured, and the subjects were organized in groups. The change of muscle thickness of the M. transversus abdominis (TVA) and the M. obliquus internus abdominis (OIA) during different singing tasks was measured by using ultrasound. The subjects were then asked to perform the Abdominal Hollowing Test (AHT) with the STABILIZER. Finally, the subjects were all filmed while singing. The videos recordings of the singing sessions were analysed by an independent clinical expert regarding breathing and secondary motor activities (SMA). For the statistical analysis, the Mann-Whitney-U Test and the Chi-Square-Test was mainly used.
RESULTS
The results showed a significantly thinner TVA in the group with dysphonia in comparison to the group without dysphonia. Ultrasound measurements showed significantly higher changes of muscle thickness of the TVA during singing tasks in the group with dysphonia. Regarding the AHT there was a significant difference between the two groups. The group with dysphonia was not able to increase the pressure by 15mmHg. Furthermore, the healthy subjects demonstrated abdominal breathing, while the group with dysphonia present with thoracic breathing. Additionally, it was noted that the subjects with dysphonia showed a higher level of associated movements especially at and/or on the lumbar spine, cervical spine and the left arm and shoulder.
CONCLUSION
Differences in TVA-recruitment, breathing behaviour and secondary motor activities while singing were found. This study sparks new ideas for neuromusculoskeletal assessments and therapy.
Topics: Humans; Female; Singing; Voice Quality; Voice Disorders; Dysphonia; Abdominal Muscles; Disability Evaluation
PubMed: 34020853
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.03.015 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Dec 2023: Abdominal muscle exercises with limb movements are more effective for trunk stabilization than traditional exercises involving trunk flexion alone. This study examined... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
: Abdominal muscle exercises with limb movements are more effective for trunk stabilization than traditional exercises involving trunk flexion alone. This study examined the effects of abdominal exercises incorporating sprinter pattern and crunch exercises on changes in the lordotic curve and abdominal muscle activation in individuals with low back pain caused by hyperlordosis resulting from weak abdominal muscles. : In this single-blind, randomized controlled trial, a total of 40 participants with hyperlordosis were recruited and randomly assigned to perform either sprinter-pattern abdominal exercises or crunch exercises. The participants assigned to each group performed three sets of ten abdominal exercises. The lumbar lordotic angle (LLA) and sacrohorizontal angle (SHA) were assessed prior to and following the intervention, whereas abdominal muscle activity was gauged throughout the intervention period. Changes in the LLA and SHA were measured by radiography. Abdominal muscle activity was measured using electromyography. : The LLA and SHA decreased significantly in both groups ( < 0.001), while the sprinter-pattern exercise group showed a statistically significant decrease compared to the crunch exercise group ( < 0.001). In the activity of the abdominal muscles, there was no significant difference in the rectus abdominis muscle between the two groups ( > 0.005). However, a significant difference between the external and internal oblique muscles was observed, and the activities of both muscles were significantly higher in the sprinter-pattern exercise group than in the crunch exercise group ( < 0.005). : Abdominal exercise using a sprinter pattern may be effective in reducing lumbar lordosis by strengthening the abdominal muscles in patients with hyperlordosis.
Topics: Humans; Lordosis; Single-Blind Method; Abdominal Muscles; Exercise; Rectus Abdominis
PubMed: 38138280
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122177 -
Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced... Aug 2023Complex ventral hernia remains a challenging situation for any surgeon. In this study, our aim was to analyze the effect of laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh...
Complex ventral hernia remains a challenging situation for any surgeon. In this study, our aim was to analyze the effect of laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) repair in the treatment of complex abdominal wall hernia, with the assistance of preoperative progressive pneumoperitoneum (PPP) and botulinum toxin A (BTA). In this retrospective study, we included 13 patients with complex ventral hernia between May 2021 and December 2022. All patients undergoing PPP and BTA protocol before hernia repair. The length of abdominal wall muscles and abdominal circumference were measured from CT scan. All hernias were repaired with laparoscopic or laparoscopic-assisted IPOM. Thirteen patients received PPP and BTA injections. PPP and BTA administration time was over 8.8 ± 2.5 days. Before and after PPP and BTA, imaging showed that the length of lateral muscle on each side increased from 14.3 to 17.4 cm ( < .05). The abdominal circumference increased from 81.8 to 87.9 cm ( < .05). Complete fascial closure was obtained in 13 patients (100%), and no patient experienced postoperative abdominal hypertension and ventilatory support. No patient suffered from recurrent hernia to date. Preoperative PPP combined with BTA injection plays a role similar to component separation technique, avoids the abdominal hypertension after laparoscopic IPOM repair of complex ventral hernia.
Topics: Humans; Surgical Mesh; Retrospective Studies; Abdominal Muscles; Hernia, Ventral; Laparoscopy; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Postoperative Complications; Herniorrhaphy; Pneumoperitoneum; Recurrence; Incisional Hernia
PubMed: 37307060
DOI: 10.1089/lap.2023.0066 -
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation May 2024Low-intensity continuous inspiratory muscle training improves its strength. The abdominal muscles are the main expiratory muscles, and their training may improve...
BACKGROUND
Low-intensity continuous inspiratory muscle training improves its strength. The abdominal muscles are the main expiratory muscles, and their training may improve expiratory muscle strength. Respiratory muscle strength regulates coughing effectiveness, which is critical for pneumonia management. In older people, risk factors for the development of pneumonia were respiratory muscle weakness and swallowing impairment. Currently, the impact of high-intensity intermittent inspiratory and abdominal muscle combined training on the respiratory, swallowing, and systemic muscles is unclear.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to explore the effects of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training combined with or without abdominal muscle training on respiratory muscle strength as well as the strength, mass, and performance of swallowing and systemic muscles.
METHODS
Twenty-eight healthy adults were divided into two groups. Participants performed high-intensity intermittent inspiratory muscle single or its combination with abdominal muscle training for 4 weeks. Respiratory muscle strength, swallowing muscle strength and mass, systemic muscle strength, mass and performance were measured at baseline, Week 2 and Week 4.
RESULTS
Both groups showed greater maximal respiratory pressures at Week 2 and Week 4 than baseline. Both groups showed improved tongue pressure and geniohyoid muscle thickness at Week 4. In addition, the combined training group improved body trunk muscle mass, handgrip strength and five-time chair stand test, whereas the single training group did not.
CONCLUSION
This study revealed that high-intensity inspiratory muscle training improved inspiratory muscle strength and swallowing muscle strength and mass. Moreover, inspiratory and abdominal muscle combined training showed an additional benefit of improving systemic muscle strength, mass and performance.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
UMIN000046724; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/index.cgi?ctrno=UMIN000046724.
PubMed: 38816919
DOI: 10.1111/joor.13761