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Journal of Laboratory Physicians Sep 2023species has become a leading cause of nosocomial infections in recent years. The aim of the study was to establish the usefulness of matrix-assisted laser...
species has become a leading cause of nosocomial infections in recent years. The aim of the study was to establish the usefulness of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) for the identification of species with respect to conventional biochemical methods and MicroScan WalkAway 96 Plus system and to compare the antibiotic susceptibility test results Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method with MicroScan WalkAway 96 Plus automated identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing system. The study sample comprised 100 clinical isolates of species. They were all identified using MALDI-TOF MS and compared with other two identification systems. Comparison of categorical variables by Fisher's exact test or Pearson's chi-square test was done. All statistical tools were two tailed, and a significant level < 0.05 was used. All statistical tests were performed using SPSS v22.0 (Armonk IBM Corp., New York, United States). Cohen's kappa coefficients were also calculated and used as applicable. MALDI-TOF MS revealed 92 , 2 , 3 , and 1 each was identified as , , and . There was moderate agreement between identification by MicroScan WalkAway and MALDI-TOF, and substantial agreement between conventional biochemical tests and MALDI-TOF. We found that there was a 100% categorical agreement with respect to susceptibility of aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin) and cephalosporins (ceftazidime, cefepime, cefotaxime) between disk diffusion method and MicroScan WalkAway 96 Plus system. Total of 16 errors were observed. Although MALDI-TOF MS could be useful to identify but not other species in the genus, it is a rapid, reliable method and can be routinely used in clinical laboratories.
PubMed: 37564221
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760401 -
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences :... Mar 2024The purpose of this study was to investigate the bacterial communities of biting midges and ticks collected from three sites in the Poyang Lake area, namely, Qunlu...
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the bacterial communities of biting midges and ticks collected from three sites in the Poyang Lake area, namely, Qunlu Practice Base, Peach Blossom Garden, and Huangtong Animal Husbandry, and whether vectors carry any bacterial pathogens that may cause diseases to humans, to provide scientific basis for prospective pathogen discovery and disease prevention and control.
METHODS
Using a metataxonomics approach in concert with full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing and operational phylogenetic unit (OPU) analysis, we characterized the species-level microbial community structure of two important vector species, biting midges and ticks, including 33 arthropod samples comprising 3,885 individuals, collected around Poyang Lake.
RESULTS
A total of 662 OPUs were classified in biting midges, including 195 known species and 373 potentially new species, and 618 OPUs were classified in ticks, including 217 known species and 326 potentially new species. Surprisingly, OPUs with potentially pathogenicity were detected in both arthropod vectors, with 66 known species of biting midges reported to carry potential pathogens, including and , compared to 50 in ticks, such as and . We found that was the most dominant group in both midges and ticks. Furthermore, the outcomes demonstrated that the microbiota of midges and ticks tend to be governed by a few highly abundant bacteria. sp7 was predominant in biting midges, while sp1 was enriched in ticks. Meanwhile, spp., which may be essential for the survival of Neumann, were detected in all tick samples. The identification of dominant species and pathogens of biting midges and ticks in this study serves to broaden our knowledge associated to microbes of arthropod vectors.
CONCLUSION
Biting midges and ticks carry large numbers of known and potentially novel bacteria, and carry a wide range of potentially pathogenic bacteria, which may pose a risk of infection to humans and animals. The microbial communities of midges and ticks tend to be dominated by a few highly abundant bacteria.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Ticks; Ceratopogonidae; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Prospective Studies; Microbiota; Coxiella
PubMed: 38582991
DOI: 10.3967/bes2024.030 -
Computers in Biology and Medicine Oct 2023After infection with SARS-CoV-2, the microbiome inside the human body changes dramatically. By re-annotating microbial sequences in bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq data of...
After infection with SARS-CoV-2, the microbiome inside the human body changes dramatically. By re-annotating microbial sequences in bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq data of COVID-19 patients, we described the cellular microbial landscape of COVID-19 patients and identified characteristic microorganisms in various tissues. We found that Acinetobacter lwoffii was highly correlated with COVID-19 symptoms and might disrupt some pathways of patients by interacting with the host and other microbes, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae. We further identified characteristic microorganisms specific to cell type, indicating the enrichment preference of some microbes. We also revealed the co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with hMPV, which may cause the development of COVID-19. Overall, we demonstrated that the presence of intracellular microorganisms in COVID-19 patients and the synergies between microorganisms were strongly correlated with disease progression, providing a theoretical basis for COVID-19 treatment in a certain extent.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; RNA-Seq; Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis; Microbiota
PubMed: 37651767
DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107400 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2023Silver-doped Cobalt Ferrite nanoparticles AgCoFeO with concentrations (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) have been prepared using a hydrothermal technique. The XRD pattern...
Silver-doped Cobalt Ferrite nanoparticles AgCoFeO with concentrations (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) have been prepared using a hydrothermal technique. The XRD pattern confirms the formation of the spinel phase of CoFeO and the presence of Ag ions in the spinel structure. The spinel phase AgCoFeO nanoparticles are confirmed by FTIR analysis by the major bands formed at 874 and 651 cm, which represent the tetrahedral and octahedral sites. The analysis of optical properties reveals an increase in band gap energy with increasing concentration of the dopant. The energy band gap values depicted for prepared nanoparticles with concentrations x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 are 3.58 eV, 3.08 eV, 2.93 eV, and 2.84 eV respectively. Replacement of the Co ion with the nonmagnetic Ag ion causes a change in saturation magnetization, with Ms values of 48.36, 29.06, 40.69, and 45.85 emu/g being recorded. The CoFeO and Ag CoFeO nanoparticles were found to be effective against the Acinetobacter Lwoffii and Moraxella species, with a high inhibition zone value of x = 0.15 and 8 × 8 cm against bacteria. It is suggested that, by the above results, the synthesized material is suitable for memory storage devices and antibacterial activity.
PubMed: 37735178
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41729-7 -
The Journal of Hospital Infection Apr 2024Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is a common pathogen associated with healthcare-acquired infections, and robust infection prevention and control protocols...
BACKGROUND
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is a common pathogen associated with healthcare-acquired infections, and robust infection prevention and control protocols exist in human healthcare settings. In contrast, infection prevention and control (IPC) standards are limited in veterinary medicine, necessitating further investigation.
AIM
Examine the possible transmission of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. in a veterinary practice where a cat was diagnosed with an OXA-23-producing A. baumannii ST2 strain.
METHODS
Environmental samples together with nasal and hand swabs from the veterinary personnel were collected. All swabs were screened for the presence of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales, meticillin-resistant staphylococcus and multi-drug-resistant Acinetobacter spp. Whole-genome sequencing was performed for carbapenemase-producing strains.
RESULTS
Of the veterinary staff, 60% carried meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis. Environmental evaluation showed that 40% (N=6/15) of the surfaces analysed by contact plates and 40% (N=8/20) by swabs failed the hygiene criteria. Assessment of the surfaces revealed contamination with five OXA-23-producing Acinetobacter spp. strains: an OXA-23-producing Acinetobacter schindleri on the weight scale in the waiting room; and four OXA-23-producing Acinetobacter lwoffii strains, on different surfaces of the treatment room. The bla gene was located on the same plasmid-carrying Tn2008 across the different Acinetobacter spp. strains. These plasmids closely resemble a previously described OXA-23-encoding plasmid from a human Portuguese nosocomial Acinetobacter pittii isolate. Distinctly, the OXA-23-producing A. baumannii ST2 clinical strain had the resistant gene located on Tn2006, possibly inserted on the chromosome.
CONCLUSION
The detection of an OXA-23-producing A. baumannii ST2 veterinary clinical strain is of concern for companion animal health and infection, prevention and control. This study established the dynamic of transmission of the plasmid-mediated bla gene on critical surfaces of a small animal veterinary practice. The genetic resemblance to a plasmid found in human nosocomial settings suggests a potential One Health link.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; Methicillin; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; One Health; Acinetobacter Infections; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Bacterial Proteins; beta-Lactamases; Acinetobacter baumannii; Carbapenems; Cross Infection; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 38365067
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.02.001 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Mar 2024The abuse and residue of herbicides in the black soil area had seriously affected the soil structure, function and crop growth, posing severe threats to agricultural...
The abuse and residue of herbicides in the black soil area had seriously affected the soil structure, function and crop growth, posing severe threats to agricultural soil environment and public health. Given the limitation of routine microbial remediation, innovative and eco-friendly functional bacterial biofilm which could adapt under adverse conditions was developed on the biochar to investigate its enhanced bioremediation and metabolic characteristics of typical herbicide atrazine. Results revealed that the atrazine degrading strain Acinetobacter lwoffii had competitive advantage in soil indigenous microorganisms and formed dense biofilms on the biochar which was beneficial to cell viability maintenance and aggregations. Metatranscriptomics and RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that the biochar-mediated biofilm improved the frequency of intercellular communications through quorum sensing and two-component signal regulation systems, and enhanced the atrazine biodegradation efficiency through horizontal gene transfer in co-metabolism mode, providing important scientific basis for the biological remediation of farmland soil non-point source pollution.
Topics: Atrazine; Biodegradation, Environmental; Soil Pollutants; Herbicides; Soil; Bacteria; Biofilms; Soil Microbiology; Charcoal
PubMed: 38113741
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133237 -
Allergy Feb 2024
Correspondence to "intranasal administration of Acinetobacter lwoffii in a murine model of asthma induces IL-6-mediated protection associated with cecal microbiota changes".
PubMed: 38403937
DOI: 10.1111/all.16075 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023This study investigated changes in the microbial compositions of crayfish tails during storage at 4 °C (for 0-12 days) as measured using high-throughput sequencing...
This study investigated changes in the microbial compositions of crayfish tails during storage at 4 °C (for 0-12 days) as measured using high-throughput sequencing (HTS). The specific spoilage organisms (SSOs) in the crayfish tails were isolated using culture-dependent cultivation methods, and they were identified by 16S rRNA and characterized for their enzymatic spoilage potentials (e.g., protease, lipase, phospholipase, and amylase). The spoilage abilities of the selected strains in the crayfish tails were assessed by inoculating them into real food. Moreover, the microbial growth and the volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) changes were monitored during the storage period. The results from the HTS showed that the dominant genus of shrimp tails evolved from (D0) to (D4) and, finally, to (D12) during storage. Seven bacterial species (, , and ) were screened from the spoiled shrimp tails by the culture-dependent method, among which had the strongest spoilage ability.
PubMed: 37628005
DOI: 10.3390/foods12163006 -
Indian Journal of Pathology &... Jun 2024Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonization affects the gastric microbiome, causing gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Modern sequencing technology provides insights into...
BACKGROUND/AIM
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonization affects the gastric microbiome, causing gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Modern sequencing technology provides insights into GI microbe interaction with H. pylori and their metabolic pathways in causing GI diseases. We aim to compare the gastric microbiota alteration due to H. pylori infection in patients suffering from GI diseases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Genomic DNA were isolated from gastric antrum tissue from 37 H.pylori-infected patients diagnosed with GERD, duodenal ulcers, and gastritis. We conducted the genomic library preparation and sequencing of the amplified product using 16S rRNA NGS analysis. Using microbiome analyst tool diversity analysis, random forest analysis and ANOVA were conducted to find out the comparison of microbial abundance. We have also conducted functional pathway prediction analysis using PICRUSt.
RESULTS
Metagenomic analysis shows high bacterial diversity in H. pylori-positive gastritis patients. Streptococcus infantis and Neisseria subflava were significantly higher in duodenal ulcer (DU) and gastritis groups. Acinetobacter lwoffii and Helicobacter pullorum were significantly high in the gastritis group only. The functional metabolic pathway analyses revealed that gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) samples were significantly enriched with the energy metabolism and xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism pathways, whereas fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase III was found less in gastritis and DU groups.
CONCLUSION
There is a difference in microbiota composition in different disease outcomes. We found positive association between microbial diversity and H. pylori in gastritis group only, whereas negative association was found in DU and GERD groups. The functional metabolic pathway analysis revealed significant differences in various disease outcomes.
PubMed: 38847202
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_1015_23 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Jan 2024Antimicrobials are extensively utilized in dairy farms to prevent and control diseases in cattle. However, their use contributes to the emergence of...
Antimicrobials are extensively utilized in dairy farms to prevent and control diseases in cattle. However, their use contributes to the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antimicrobial-resistant genes (ARG), and these can be transmitted to the environment. Regular monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is crucial for implementing effective mitigation strategies. This research aimed to assess the environmental microbial species present on dairy farms in Shandong Province and characterize the antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates. Five dairy farms located in Shandong Province were selected, representing the prevalent large-scale farming patterns in the area. Sampling took place from April to June 2022, with a total of 223 isolates collected from various environmental locations within each farm (bedding, sports field, and milking parlor). Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was employed to identify the species of the clinical isolates. The main pathogens isolated were (5.38%, = 12), (4.93%, = 11), and (4.03%, = 9). Among the bacterial isolates, resistance to lincomycin was highest at 91%, and 88% were resistant to sulfadiazine. Antimicrobial resistance genes were detected in only a small proportion of the isolates, the most common of which was . These findings highlight the necessity for careful evaluation of antimicrobial usage in maintaining their effectiveness in human medicine. Understanding the microbial species present and their antimicrobial resistance profiles aids in focusing efforts toward sustainable antimicrobial use and safeguarding human health.
PubMed: 38200891
DOI: 10.3390/ani14010160