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Critical Care (London, England) Jul 2023The oXiris is a novel filter for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) featuring an adsorption coating to adsorb endotoxins and remove inflammatory mediators.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The oXiris is a novel filter for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) featuring an adsorption coating to adsorb endotoxins and remove inflammatory mediators. Given that no consensus has been reached on its potential benefits in treating sepsis, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess its impact on the clinical outcomes of this patient population.
METHODS
Eleven databases were retrieved to find relevant observational studies and randomized controlled trials. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool were used to assess the quality of the included studies. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) process was employed to assess the certainty of evidence. The 28-day mortality was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were 7-, 14-, and 90-day mortality, length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay, ICU and hospital mortality, norepinephrine (NE) dose, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and lactate levels, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis, pooling data from 14 studies, involving 695 patients, showed significant reductions in 28-day mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36-0.77, p = 0.001] and length of ICU stay [weighted mean difference (WMD) - 1.91; 95% CI - 2.56 to - 1.26, p < 0.001)] in patients with sepsis using the oXiris filter compared to other filters. Besides, the SOFA score, NE dose, IL-6 and lactate levels, and 7- and 14-day mortalities were lower in the oXiris group. However, the 90-day mortality, ICU and hospital mortality, and length of hospital stay were comparable. The quality assessment of the ten observational studies indicated intermediate to high quality (average Newcastle-Ottawa score: 7.8). However, all four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) had an unclear risk of bias. The evidence for all outcomes had a low or very low level of certainty because the original study design was mainly observational studies and the RCTs included had an unclear risk of bias and a small sample size.
CONCLUSION
The treatment with the oXiris filter during CRRT in sepsis patients may be associated with lower 28-, 7-, and 14-day mortalities, lactate levels, SOFA score, NE dose, and shorter length of ICU stay. However, due to the low or very low quality of evidence, the effectiveness of oXiris filters was still uncertain. Besides, no significant difference was observed for the 90-day mortality, ICU and hospital mortality, and length of hospital stay.
Topics: Humans; Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy; Interleukin-6; Adsorption; Sepsis; Lactates
PubMed: 37424026
DOI: 10.1186/s13054-023-04555-x -
Die Anaesthesiologie Dec 2023
Topics: Adsorption; Membranes, Artificial
PubMed: 37789079
DOI: 10.1007/s00101-023-01347-4 -
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Dec 2023In view of the widespread and distribution of several classes and types of organic contaminants, increased efforts are needed to reduce their spread and subsequent... (Review)
Review
In view of the widespread and distribution of several classes and types of organic contaminants, increased efforts are needed to reduce their spread and subsequent environmental contamination. Although several remediation approaches are available, adsorption and photodegradation technologies are presented in this review as one of the best options because of their environmental friendliness, cost-effectiveness, accessibility, less selectivity, and wider scope of applications among others. The bandgap, particle size, surface area, electrical properties, thermal stability, reusability, chemical stability, and other properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPS) are highlighted to account for their suitability in adsorption and photocatalytic applications, concerning organic contaminants. Literatures have been reviewed on the application of various AgNPS as adsorbent and photocatalyst in the remediation of several classes of organic contaminants. Theories of adsorption have also been outlined while photocatalysis is seen to have adsorption as the initial mechanism. Challenges facing the application of silver nanoparticles have also been highlighted and possible solutions have been presented. However, current information is dominated by applications on dyes and the view of the authors supports the need to strengthen the usefulness of AgNPS in adsorption and photodegradation of more classes of organic contaminants, especially emerging contaminants. We also encourage the simultaneous applications of adsorption and photodegradation to completely convert toxic wastes to harmless forms.
Topics: Silver; Adsorption; Environmental Monitoring; Photolysis; Metal Nanoparticles; Kinetics
PubMed: 38112987
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12194-6 -
IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience Jul 2023This study presents the mechanism of adsorption of a model protein within an electrical double layer (EDL) of a charged silica NP in an aqueous salt medium. In contrast...
This study presents the mechanism of adsorption of a model protein within an electrical double layer (EDL) of a charged silica NP in an aqueous salt medium. In contrast to previous works, the charge regulation model analyzes the surface chemistry and electrostatic charge within the EDL by considering polarization, morphology, topography, and protonation/deprotonation. This model is coupled with the three protein adsorption models, such as Classical Langmuir (CLM), Extended Langmuir (ELM), and Two-State (TSM). By this means, surface curvature, conformational changes, and size- and pH-dependent characteristics of protein adsorption are allowed to be observed together in the present numerical model. For a parametric investigation, ionic concentration and pH of the solution, surface charge density, initial protein concentration, electrostatic charge of the protein, and the diameter of the NP are varied systematically. The validation studies with the experimental data agree well with the literature. The size-dependent protein adsorption is simulated and revealed with the current numerical model. Space charge density, chemistry, and morphology of NP's surface profoundly influence adsorption characteristics.
Topics: Adsorption; Silicon Dioxide; Static Electricity; Nanoparticles
PubMed: 36350860
DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2022.3219926 -
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity Dec 2023Technetium isotope Tc is a main radioactive waste produced in the process of nuclear reaction, which has the characteristics of long half-life and strong environmental... (Review)
Review
Technetium isotope Tc is a main radioactive waste produced in the process of nuclear reaction, which has the characteristics of long half-life and strong environmental mobility, and can be bio-accumulated in organisms, resulting in serious threat to human health and ecosystem. Adsorption method is widely used in the field of removing radionuclides from water due to the advantages of high treatment rate, simple and mature industrial application. In this review paper, the recent advances in research and application of various adsorption materials for Tc pollution treatment were summarized and analyzed for the first time, including inorganic adsorbents, such as activated carbon, zero-valent iron, metallic minerals, clay minerals, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), tin-based materials, and sulfur-based materials; organic adsorbents, such as porous organic polymers (POPs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and ion exchange resin; and biological adsorbents, such as biopolymers (chitosan, cellulose, alginate), and microbial cells. The performance characteristics and the adsorption kinetics and isotherms of various adsorption materials were discussed. This review could deepen the understanding of the adsorptive removal of Tc from aqueous solution, and provide a reference for the future research in this field.
Topics: Humans; Ecosystem; Radiation Monitoring; Water; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Radioisotopes; Minerals; Adsorption; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 37598575
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107267 -
Chemosphere Nov 2023With the continuous development of society, industrialization, and human activities have been producing more and more pollutants. Fluoride discharge is one of the main... (Review)
Review
With the continuous development of society, industrialization, and human activities have been producing more and more pollutants. Fluoride discharge is one of the main causes of water pollution. This review summarizes various commonly used and effective fluoride removal technologies, including ion exchange technology, electrochemical technology, coagulation technology, membrane treatment, and adsorption technology, and points out the outstanding advantages of adsorption technology. Various commonly used fluoride removal techniques as well as typical adsorbent materials have been discussed in published papers, however, the relationship between different adsorbent materials and adsorption models has rarely been explored, therefore, this paper categorizes and summarizes the various models involved in static adsorption, dynamic adsorption, and electrosorption fluoride removal processes, such as pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, Thomas and Clark dynamic adsorption models, including the mathematical equations of the corresponding models and the significance of the models are also comprehensively summarized. Furthermore, this comprehensive discussion delves into the fundamental adsorption mechanisms, quantification of maximum adsorption capacity, evaluation of resistance to anion interference, and assessment of adsorption regeneration performance exhibited by diverse adsorption materials. The selection of the best adsorption model not only predicts the adsorption performance of the adsorbent but also provides a better description and understanding of the details of each part of the adsorption process, which facilitates the adjustment of experimental conditions to optimize the adsorption process. This review may provide some guidance for the development of more cost-effective adsorbent materials and adsorption processes in the future.
Topics: Humans; Fluorides; Wastewater; Adsorption; Environmental Pollutants; Technology
PubMed: 37591373
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139808 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Dec 2023This paper evaluates the adsorption mechanism of perfluorooctanoic carboxylic acid (PFCA) and heptadecafluorooctane sulfonic acid (HFOSA) on magnetic chitosan for the...
This paper evaluates the adsorption mechanism of perfluorooctanoic carboxylic acid (PFCA) and heptadecafluorooctane sulfonic acid (HFOSA) on magnetic chitosan for the first time via a statistical physics modeling. Magnetic chitosan (MC-CoFeO) was produced from shrimp wastes and used in standard batch adsorption systems to remove PFCA and HFOSA. The experimental isotherms indicated that the maximum adsorption capacities ranged from 14 to 27.12 mg/g and from 19.16 to 45.12 mg/g for PFCA and HFOSA, respectively, where an exothermic behavior was observed for both compounds. The adsorption data were studied via an advanced model hypothesizing that a multilayer process occurred for these adsorption systems. This theoretical approach indicated that the total number of formed layers of PFCA and HFOSA adsorbates is about 3 (N = 2.83) at high temperatures (328 K) where a molecular aggregation process was noted during the adsorption. The maximum saturation-multilayer adsorption of PFCA and HFOSA on magnetic chitosan was 30.77 and 50.26 mg/g, respectively, and the corresponding adsorption mechanisms were successfully investigated. Two energies were responsible for the formed adsorbate layer directly on the surface and the vertical layers were computed and interpreted, reflecting that physical interactions were involved to bind these molecules on the adsorbent surface at different temperatures where the calculated adsorption energies ranged from 14 to 31 kJ/mol. Overall, this work provides theoretical insights to understand the adsorption mechanism of PFCA and HFOSA using the statistical physics modeling and its results can be used to improve the adsorbent performance for engineering applications.
Topics: Chitosan; Adsorption; Magnetic Phenomena; Sulfonic Acids; Kinetics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 37910375
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30600-x -
Environmental Research Sep 2023This paper investigated the uptake of CIP and OFL in single and multicomponent adsorptive systems using modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as adsorbent material. The...
This paper investigated the uptake of CIP and OFL in single and multicomponent adsorptive systems using modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as adsorbent material. The characterization analyses of the pre- and post-process material by XPS, TG/DTG, FT-IR, SEM/EDS, and XRD helped in the elucidation of the mechanisms, indicating greater involvement of n-n and π -π interactions. In the kinetic studies, the simple systems with CIP and OFL were similar, both showed equilibrium time around 20/30 min and increased adsorptive capacity with increasing initial drug concentration. In the multicomponent system, different fractions of CIP and OFL were tested and the time to reach equilibrium also varied between 20 and 30 min. In general, the adsorption capacity of CIP is slightly lower than that of OFL under the conditions tested. The selectivity analysis of the system showed that the selectivity's of the two drugs are identical in equimolar fractions. The mathematical modeling of the kinetic data indicated that in monocomponent systems, the model of pseudo-second order (PSO) adequately described both CIP and OFL kinetics. Furthermore, with the implementation of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), it was possible to obtain a more assertive prediction of the behavior of single and binary systems.
Topics: Ofloxacin; Ciprofloxacin; Nanotubes, Carbon; Kinetics; Adsorption; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 37356533
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116503 -
International Journal of Biological... Jul 2023The presence of hazardous pollutants in water sources as a result of industrial activities is a major environmental challenge that impedes the availability of safe... (Review)
Review
The presence of hazardous pollutants in water sources as a result of industrial activities is a major environmental challenge that impedes the availability of safe drinking water. Adsorptive and photocatalytic degradative removal of various pollutants in wastewater have been recognized as cost-effective and energy-efficient strategies. In addition to its biological activity, chitosan and its derivatives are considered as promising materials for the removal of various pollutants. The abundance of hydroxyl and amino groups in the chitosan macromolecular structure results in a variety of concurrent pollutant's adsorption mechanisms. Furthermore, adding chitosan to photocatalysts increases the mass transfer while decreasing both the band gap energy and the amount of intermediates produced during photocatalytic processes, improving the overall photocatalytic efficiency. Herein, we have reviewed the current design and preparation of chitosan and its composites, as well as their applications for the removal of various pollutants by adsorption and photocatalysis processes. Effects of operating variables such as the pH, catalyst mass, contact time, light wavelength, initial pollutant's concentration, and catalyst recyclability, are discussed. Various kinetic and isotherm models are presented to elucidate the rates, and mechanisms of pollutant's removal, onto chitosan-based composites, and several case studies are presented. Additionally, the antibacterial activity of chitosan-based composites has been discussed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the applications of chitosan-based composites in wastewater treatment and put forward new insights for the development of highly effective chitosan-based adsorbents and photocatalysts. Finally, the main challenges and future directions in the field are discussed.
Topics: Chitosan; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Wastewater; Adsorption; Environmental Pollutants; Environmental Restoration and Remediation; Water Purification
PubMed: 37201888
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124787 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Nov 2023A series of fibrous aminated adsorbents for CO adsorption were prepared by covalent incorporation of poly (glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) by graft copolymerization of GMA...
A series of fibrous aminated adsorbents for CO adsorption were prepared by covalent incorporation of poly (glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) by graft copolymerization of GMA onto electron beam (EB) irradiated polyethylenepolypropylene (PE/PP) fibrous sheets and subsequent amination with ethylenediamine (EDA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), or tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA). The physico-chemical properties of the adsorbents were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. All the adsorbents displayed typic primary and secondary amine features combined with a decrease in both of crystallinity and surface area of PE/PP, and such a decrease was higher in adsorbents with longer aliphatic chain of the amine. Of all adsorbents, TEPA-containing fibres showed the highest CO adsorption capacity and thus was further investigated for CO capture from CO/CH mixtures of different gas ratios under various pressures and temperatures. The selectivity of CO over CH and equilibrium isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics of the adsorption on the fibrous aminated adsorbent were all investigated. The Sips model was found to best fit the isotherm of CO adsorption suggesting the presence of a combination of monolayer and multilayer adsorptions. The adsorption kinetic data was found to best fit Elovich model reflecting chemisorption. The ΔG°, ΔS°, and ΔH° showed positive values suggesting that the adsorption of CO on the present fibrous adsorbent was non-spontaneous with an increase in randomness implying that the process was endothermic. Overall, it can be suggested that PE/PP-g-PGMA/TEPA adsorbent has a strong potential for separation of CO from NG.
Topics: Carbon Dioxide; Adsorption; Thermodynamics; Temperature; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Triethylenephosphoramide; Kinetics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 37121947
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26913-6