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Medical Ultrasonography Mar 2024To explore benefits of high-frame-rate contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (H-CEUS) for early kidney injury in a rabbit model of diabetic nephropathy (DN).
AIM
To explore benefits of high-frame-rate contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (H-CEUS) for early kidney injury in a rabbit model of diabetic nephropathy (DN).
METHODS
Diabetic rabbits were induced with alloxan administration and split into 2 groups with or without urinary microalbuminuria after a fatty and sugary diet: diabetic rabbits with nephropathy (Group A) and diabetic rabbits without nephropathy (Group B). The control group (Group C) comprised healthy rabbits. Renal H-CEUS and conventional CEUS (C-CEUS) imaging were conducted. Serum creatinine (SCR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and urinary microalbuminuria were measured.
RESULTS
SCR and BUN levels were barely changed in Groups B and C (p>0.05), whereas Group A exhibited a rise (p<0.05). Perfusion parameters of the two CEUS modalities showed reduced peak intensity (PI) and ascending slope (AS) and elevated area under the curve (AUC) and time to peak (TTP) in Group A versus Group B (p<0.05) and Group B versus Group C (p<0.05). The arrival time (AT) and descending slope (DS) exhibited little difference among the three groups. H-CEUS had a stronger correlation of perfusion parameters with SCR and BUN than C-CEUS.
CONCLUSIONS
H-CEUS outperforms C-CEUS in diagnosing early renal damage in DN. H-CEUS perfusion parameters demonstrate temporal superiority over routine laboratory indices.
Topics: Animals; Rabbits; Diabetic Nephropathies; Contrast Media; Kidney; Urinary Tract; Ultrasonography; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 38244221
DOI: 10.11152/mu-4318 -
Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry Dec 2023This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects of hydroalcoholic pomegranate peel extract (APE) in alloxan-induced diabetes rat models....
This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects of hydroalcoholic pomegranate peel extract (APE) in alloxan-induced diabetes rat models. We divided 60 rats into the following six equal groups ( = 10): Healthy control; diabetic control (100 mg/kg alloxan); sham + glibenclamide (10 mg/kg); diabetic + glibenclamide (10 mg/kg); sham + APE (200 mg/kg) and diabetic + APE (200 mg/kg). After 8 weeks, kidneys were taken out for biochemical and molecular studies. Following APE treatment, biochemical parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly induced in the treated group as compared with the control group ( < 0.05). Also, gene expression of (3-fold), (2.6-fold), and (1.5-fold) were increased as compared to controls ( < 0.05). Overall, our results indicated that pomegranate can be used as an antioxidant agent to reduce complications from diseases associated with oxidative stress.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Antioxidants; Alloxan; Pomegranate; Glyburide; Rats, Wistar; Catalase; Oxidative Stress; Glutathione; Superoxide Dismutase; Glutathione Peroxidase; Plant Extracts; Gene Expression; Hominidae; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 33524274
DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1877308 -
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative... 2024Malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of a dominat marker in oxidative stress condition, and when inflammation occurred tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) played a significant...
BACKGROUND
Malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of a dominat marker in oxidative stress condition, and when inflammation occurred tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) played a significant influence in the propagation this process. Purified gambier (Uncaria gambier Roxb.) contained 90% catechin which is proven to have antioxidant activity and may prevent unwanted inflammatory responses during diabetic state.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this research was to assess how purified gambier affected plasma MDA and TNF- α levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
In this study, 35 rats were used. Alloxan 120 mg/kg BW intraperitoneal injection was administered to induce diabetes conditions in rats. All animals were divided into 5 groups, diabetic control group treated with vehicle, positive control group treated with glibenclamide dose 0.45 mg/kg BW), and treatment groups treated with purified gambier dose of 2.5; 5 and 10 mg/kg BW. All animals were treated respectively for 14 days. Plasma MDA and TNF- α levels were measured on day 3, and 14.
RESULTS
Two-way ANOVA was applied to analyze all of the data, these findings suggested that purified gambier has antioxidant-related anti-inflammation actions. possesses blood sugar-lowering activity (p<0.05). The plasma MDA and TNF- α level of treatment group were significantly reduced (p<0.05) compared to diabetes control group.
CONCLUSION
These results depicted that at doses of 2.5-10 mg/kg BW, purified gambier has antioxidant-associated anti-inflammation effects when given for 14 days on diabetic rat model by reducing plasma levels MDA and TNF-α.
PubMed: 38266537
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100855 -
Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical... Mar 2024Long-lasting hyperglycemia can potentially cause damage to organs such as the kidneys, liver and pancreas. Glimepiride (GLIM), as a drug of choice in the treatment of...
Long-lasting hyperglycemia can potentially cause damage to organs such as the kidneys, liver and pancreas. Glimepiride (GLIM), as a drug of choice in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), has the risk of decreasing the functioning of organs such as the kidneys, liver and pancreas. Black rice bran ethanol extract (EEBRB) with antioxidant content has been shown to protect the kidney, liver and pancreas organs. The aim of this study was to establish the effect of EEBRB on lowering fasting blood glucose (FBG) and protecting several organs after GLIM administration in alloxan (ALX)-induced hyperglycemic rats. A total of 20 rats were divided into 4 groups and treated for 21 days treatments using following preparations: normal control (NC), diabetic group (DC), GLIM 1 mg/ kgBW and combination of glimepiride 1mg/kgBW and EEBRB 50 mg/KgBW (GLBR). The results showed that the GLBR was able to lower blood glucose levels back to normal (<126 mg/dL) and protect kidney, liver and pancreas cells by increasing the amount in normal cells.
Topics: Animals; Sulfonylurea Compounds; Plant Extracts; Kidney; Blood Glucose; Oryza; Liver; Hypoglycemic Agents; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Pancreas; Male; Rats; Ethanol; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 38767097
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Biomolecular Structure &... Oct 2023This research is carried out to explore the hypoglycemic activity of seed extracts by , , and methods. For studies the α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition...
This research is carried out to explore the hypoglycemic activity of seed extracts by , , and methods. For studies the α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition assays were employed. For studies 30 alloxan induced Wistar rats were used. They were orally administered with glibenclamide and low/high dose of the extracts and were monitored regularly for the change in blood glucose levels for about 28 days. The molecular docking was conducted to evaluate the binding interaction of 1,2,3-Benzenetriol with human pancreatic α-amylase and α-glucosidase. It was found that all the extracts were able to inhibit the α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Among which the acetone extract showed greater inhibition with 72.52 ± 0.51% and 63.02 ± 0.73% for both the enzymes, respectively. There was significant ( < 0.05) reduction in blood glucose levels in the rats administered with glibenclamide and extracts. docking results revealed that the compound 1,2,3-Benzenetriol exhibited the highest binding affinity for human pancreatic α-amylase with binding energy -7.7 kcal/mol. Thus suggesting the utilization of seeds in the management of diabetes mellitus.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
PubMed: 37819095
DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2268218 -
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2024The paper presents the results of a study on the first synthesized benzimidazole derivatives obtained from labile nature carboxylic acids. The synthesis conditions of...
INTRODUCTION
The paper presents the results of a study on the first synthesized benzimidazole derivatives obtained from labile nature carboxylic acids. The synthesis conditions of these substances were studied, their structure was proved, and some components were found to have sugar-reducing activity on the model of alloxan diabetes in rats.
METHODS
The study used molecular modeling methods such as docking based on the evolutionary model (igemdock), RP_HPLC method to monitor the synthesis reaction, and 1H NMR and 13C NMR, and other methods of organic chemistry to confirm the structures of synthesized substances.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
The docking showed that the ursodeoxycholic acid benzimidazole derivatives have high tropics to all imidazoline receptor carriers (PDB ID: 2XCG, 2bk3, 3p0c, 1QH4). The ursodeoxycholic acid benzimidazole derivative and arginine and histidine benzimidazole derivatives showed the highest sugar-lowering activity in the experiment on alloxan-diabetic rats. For these derivatives, the difference in glucose levels of treated rats was significant against untreated control. Therefore, the new derivatives of benzimidazole and labile natural organic acids can be used to create new classes of imidazoline receptor inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Hypoglycemic Agents; Structure-Activity Relationship; Imidazoline Receptors; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Ursodeoxycholic Acid; Benzimidazoles; Sugars; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Structure
PubMed: 38585255
DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S447289 -
Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical... 2024Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition defined by elevated blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). This condition can lead to complications such as nephropathy, which is...
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition defined by elevated blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). This condition can lead to complications such as nephropathy, which is histologically shown with glomerulosclerosis. Glucomannan, a component of , offers numerous health benefits, but its direct therapeutic effect on glomeruli remains uncertain. Male Wistar rats which were taken with random sampling ( = 30) were distributed into six distinct groups. All groups, excluding Group N, received 125 mg/kg BW single intraperitoneal dose of alloxan. Group N received a single dose of PBS 125 mg/kg BW. After 7 days, Group K + was induced with acarbose at a dose of 50 mg/70 kg BW (adjusted using a factor of 0.018) orally per day. Groups N and K - induced with 1% CMC Na at 0.2 mL/0.1 kg orally per day. While Group P1, P2, and P3 were orally given ethanolic extract orally per day at a dose of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW. The following 50 days of treatment, the Wistar rats were euthanized, and their kidney was preserved for histological slides that were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The oral administration of ethanolic extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats led to a significant decrease in the average of glomerulosclerosis instances when compared to the K - group. The most effective dose was observed at 400 mg/kg BW per day. administration leads to a reduction in glomerulosclerosis occurrences, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic approach for reducing complications probability linked to hyperglycemia.
PubMed: 38903556
DOI: 10.4103/JAPTR.JAPTR_426_23 -
Cellular and Molecular Biology... May 2024Development of novel functional foods is trending as one of the hot topics in food science and food/beverage industries. In the present study, the anti-diabetic,...
Development of novel functional foods is trending as one of the hot topics in food science and food/beverage industries. In the present study, the anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic and histo-protective effects of the extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) enriched with the organosulfur diallyl sulfide (DAS) (DAS-rich EVOO) were evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The ingestion of EVOO (500µL daily for two weeks) attenuated alloxan-induced elevated glucose, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urea and creatinine. It also normalized the levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterols (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) and their consequent atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in diabetic animals. Additionally, EVOO prevented lipid peroxidation (MDA) and reduced the level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in diabetic animals. Concomitantly, it enhanced the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), reducing thereby tissue oxidative stress injury. The overall histologic (pancreas, liver, and kidney) alterations were also improved after EVOO ingestion. The manifest anti-diabetic, lipid-lowering and histo-protective properties of EVOO were markedly potentiated with DAS-rich EVOO suggesting possible synergistic interactions between DAS and EVOO lipophilic bioactive ingredients. Overall, EVOO and DAS-rich EVOO show promise as functional foods and/or adjuvants for the treatment of diabetes and its complications.
Topics: Animals; Olive Oil; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Allyl Compounds; Sulfides; Hypoglycemic Agents; Mice; Hypolipidemic Agents; Male; Antioxidants; Oxidative Stress; Lipid Peroxidation; Blood Glucose; Liver; Pancreas; Glutathione Peroxidase; Catalase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Superoxide Dismutase; Kidney; Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Triglycerides
PubMed: 38814234
DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2024.70.5.9 -
Cureus Mar 2024Background Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by oxidative stress and impaired glycemic control. This study investigates the therapeutic...
Background Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by oxidative stress and impaired glycemic control. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of and diets in diabetic Wistar rats and assesses their impact on oxidative stress markers and blood glucose levels. Methods In this experiment, eight groups of six male Wistar rats (n = 12.5%), aged 8 to 12 weeks, were carefully set up to see how different treatments for diabetes and oxidative stress affected the two conditions. The random selection process was implemented to minimize any potential bias and ensure that the results of the study would be representative of the general population of Wistar rats. The groups were as follows: a nondiabetic control group (NDC) served as the baseline, while diabetes was induced in the alloxan monohydrate group (150 mg/kg). Another group was given the standard drug metformin (M, 100 mg/kg), and two control groups that did not have diabetes were given extracts of (TC, 340 mg/kg) and (CS, 200 mg/kg). Three groups of diabetic rats were given a mix of these treatments. and extracts were given at set doses (TC, 340 mg/kg; CS, 200 mg/kg), along with 150 mg/kg of a drug that causes diabetes. Over a 21-day period, oxidative stress parameters such as glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase (GSHrd) levels, and blood glucose were carefully measured to check for signs of oxidative stress and diabetes progression Results Considerable differences in GSH levels were noted across the groups, with the highest GSH concentration found in the group treated with the inducing drug, while the lowest GSH levels were observed in the diabetic group that was administered both and C (p < 0.001). MDA levels also varied, with the diabetic group treated with having the highest MDA concentration (3.54 ± 0.29 μmol/L) and the nondiabetic control group treated with exhibiting the lowest MDA levels (1.66 ± 0.08 μmol/L; p < 0.001). SOD activity was highest in the standard drug group and lowest in the diabetic group treated with . GSH activity was notably higher in the diabetic groups that received dietary interventions (p < 0.001). Blood glucose levels showed diverse responses, with the standard drug group experiencing a substantial reduction, while the inducing drug group exhibited a consistent increase. Conclusion The study highlights the significant impact of dietary interventions with and on oxidative stress markers and blood glucose regulation in diabetic Wistar rats. These findings suggest a potential role for these dietary components in mitigating oxidative stress and improving glycemic control in diabetes, although further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications.
PubMed: 38606255
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55985 -
Journal of Biomolecular Structure &... Mar 2024The increasing global incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) necessitates innovative therapeutic solutions. This study focuses on the design,...
The increasing global incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) necessitates innovative therapeutic solutions. This study focuses on the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of Schiff base derivatives from 2-bromo-2-(2-chlorophenyl) acetic acid, particularly hydrazone compounds and . Both and assays demonstrate these derivatives' strong antidiabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic properties. In a 15-d experiment, we administered and at doses of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg body weight, which effectively improved symptoms of alloxan-induced diabetes in mice. These symptoms included weight loss, increased water consumption and high blood glucose levels. The compounds also normalized abnormal levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), while raising the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC). Computational analysis showed that these compounds effectively inhibited the α-glucosidase enzyme by interacting with key catalytic residues, specifically Asp214 and Asp349. These computational results were confirmed through tests, where and showed strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with IC values of 0.70 ± 0.11 and 10.29 ± 0.30 µM, respectively. These compounds were more effective than the standard drug, acarbose, which had an IC value of 873.34 ± 1.67 µM. Mechanistic studies further indicated competitive inhibition, reinforcing the therapeutic potential of and for NIDDM treatment.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
PubMed: 38533896
DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2329296