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Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health... Feb 2024Ameloblastoma is a highly recurrent odontogenic neoplasm with variable global distribution. However, impact of race and ethnicity on ameloblastoma recurrence are still...
Ameloblastoma is a highly recurrent odontogenic neoplasm with variable global distribution. However, impact of race and ethnicity on ameloblastoma recurrence are still unclear. The primary aim of this study was to assess duration of time between primary and recurrent ameloblastomas in a predominantly Black multi-institutional patient cohort and secondarily to determine whether recurrent ameloblastomas are more readily discovered when clinically-symptomatic rather than by radiographic surveillance. A retrospective cross-sectional design was used to evaluate demographic, clinical, and pathological information on recurrent ameloblastomas patients. Outcome variable was time to recurrence, determined as period between the diagnosis of primary and recurrent ameloblastomas. We assessed associations between outcome variable and race, time lapse between primary and recurrent ameloblastomas and clinical symptoms of recurrent ameloblastomas at time of diagnosis. Among 115 recurrent ameloblastomas identified, 90.5% occurred in adults, 91.3% in Blacks, and similarly, 91.3% were conventional ameloblastomas. About 41% affected the posterior mandible. 93.9% were clinically symptomatic at time of presentation while 6.1% non-symptomatic lesions were discovered by routine diagnostic radiology. Median time to presentation of recurrent tumor was significantly longer in females (90 months, p = 0.016) and clinically symptomatic group of ameloblastoma patients (75 months, p = 0.023). Ameloblastoma recurrence was distinctively high in Black patients, occurred faster in males than females and was located mostly in the posterior mandible. Concomitant with delayed access to healthcare of Black individuals, routine post-surgical follow-up is essential because time lag between primary and recurrence tumors was longer in clinically symptomatic ameloblastomas at the time of diagnosis.
PubMed: 38324239
DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-01927-z -
Toxicologic Pathology Oct 2023The 2023 annual Division of Translational Toxicology (DTT) Satellite Symposium, entitled "Pathology Potpourri," was held in Summerlin, Nevada, at the Society of...
The 2023 annual Division of Translational Toxicology (DTT) Satellite Symposium, entitled "Pathology Potpourri," was held in Summerlin, Nevada, at the Society of Toxicologic Pathology's 41st annual meeting. The goal of this symposium was to present and discuss challenging diagnostic pathology and/or nomenclature issues. This article presents summaries of the speakers' talks along with select images that were used by the audience for voting and discussion. Various lesions and topics covered during the symposium included induced and spontaneous neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions in the mouse liver, infectious and proliferative lesions in nonhuman primates, interesting presentations of mononuclear cell infiltrates in various animal models and a complex oral tumor in a rat.
Topics: Mice; Rats; Animals; Proteomics; Voting; Toxicology
PubMed: 38445604
DOI: 10.1177/01926233241231287 -
International Journal of Surgical... Aug 2023
Topics: Humans; Odontogenic Tumors; Ameloblastoma; Carcinoma; Mandibular Neoplasms
PubMed: 36071617
DOI: 10.1177/10668969221122993 -
Diagnostic Pathology Aug 2023Ameloblastoma (AME) is a benign odontogenic tumour of epithelial origin characterised by slow but aggressive growth, infiltration, and recurrence; it is capable of...
BACKGROUND
Ameloblastoma (AME) is a benign odontogenic tumour of epithelial origin characterised by slow but aggressive growth, infiltration, and recurrence; it is capable of reaching large dimensions and invading adjacent structures. Stem cell research has proven to be significant in the sphere of tumour biology through these cells' possible involvement in the aetiopathogenesis of this tumour.
METHODS
Immunohistochemistry was performed on AME, dentigerous cyst (DC), and dental follicle (DF) samples, and indirect immunofluorescence was performed on the AME-hTERT cell line to determine the expression of SALL4, LIN28A, and KLF4.
RESULTS
Expression of proteins related to cellular pluripotency was higher in AME cells than in DC and DF cells. The analysis revealed that the proteins in question were mainly expressed in the parenchyma of AME tissue samples and were detected in the nuclei of AME-hTERT cells.
CONCLUSIONS
Stem cells may be related to the origin and progression of AME.
Topics: Humans; Ameloblastoma; Odontogenic Tumors; Immunohistochemistry; Stem Cells; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 37559082
DOI: 10.1186/s13000-023-01379-9 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Dec 2023: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a deep learning model capable of autonomously detecting and segmenting radiolucent lesions in the lower jaw by...
: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a deep learning model capable of autonomously detecting and segmenting radiolucent lesions in the lower jaw by utilizing You Only Look Once (YOLO) v8. : This study involved the analysis of 226 lesions present in panoramic radiographs captured between 2013 and 2023 at the Clinical Hospital Dubrava and the School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb. Panoramic radiographs included radiolucent lesions such as radicular cysts, ameloblastomas, odontogenic keratocysts (OKC), dentigerous cysts and residual cysts. To enhance the database, we applied techniques such as translation, scaling, rotation, horizontal flipping and mosaic effects. We have employed the deep neural network to tackle our detection and segmentation objectives. Also, to improve our model's generalization capabilities, we conducted five-fold cross-validation. The assessment of the model's performance was carried out through metrics like Intersection over Union (IoU), precision, recall and mean average precision (mAP)@50 and mAP@50-95. : In the detection task, the precision, recall, mAP@50 and mAP@50-95 scores without augmentation were recorded at 91.8%, 57.1%, 75.8% and 47.3%, while, with augmentation, were 95.2%, 94.4%, 97.5% and 68.7%, respectively. Similarly, in the segmentation task, the precision, recall, mAP@50 and mAP@50-95 values achieved without augmentation were 76%, 75.5%, 75.1% and 48.3%, respectively. Augmentation techniques led to an improvement of these scores to 100%, 94.5%, 96.6% and 72.2%. : Our study confirmed that the model developed using the advanced YOLOv8 has the remarkable capability to automatically detect and segment radiolucent lesions in the mandible. With its continual evolution and integration into various medical fields, the deep learning model holds the potential to revolutionize patient care.
Topics: Humans; Radiography, Panoramic; Mandible; Neural Networks, Computer; Odontogenic Cysts; Databases, Factual
PubMed: 38138241
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122138 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... 2024Ameloblastoma is one of the major odontogenic neoplasms with an invasive and recurrence potential. Its tumourigenesis and proliferative capacity can be attributed to the...
Immunohistochemical evaluation of yes-associated protein molecule in the odontogenic epithelium of different histopathological variants of ameloblastoma and unicystic ameloblastoma.
BACKGROUND
Ameloblastoma is one of the major odontogenic neoplasms with an invasive and recurrence potential. Its tumourigenesis and proliferative capacity can be attributed to the activation or inactivation of certain molecular signalling pathways. Hippo signalling pathway is known to regulate diverse physiological processes related to mitosis and organ growth and is an emerging tumour suppressor pathway, the dysfunction of which is implicated in various diseases including cancers. Yes-associated protein1 (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are the downstream effectors in the Hippo cascade, which on nuclear activation leads to cellular proliferation in various tumours.
AIM
The current study was undertaken to evaluate the expression of YAP in various histopathological variants of ameloblastoma and unicystic ameloblastoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fifty formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of histopathologically diagnosed cases of ameloblastoma, and 10 histopathologically diagnosed cases of unicystic ameloblastoma were obtained from the departmental archives to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of YAP both manually and by software analysis.
RESULTS
More than 90% of cases of conventional ameloblastoma and unicystic ameloblastoma elicited positive expression of YAP. No statistical difference was found among different histopathological variants of conventional ameloblastoma. Significant difference between the means of all four quantitative score groups was observed.
CONCLUSION
In view of the modulating effect of YAP in tumourigenesis and its higher expression in ameloblastoma, further exploration of this molecule appears to be a promising area of research.
PubMed: 38800449
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_215_23 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... 2024Glucose uptake may be considered the rate-limiting step for the growth and metabolism of the cancer cell. Studies on GLUT1 have shown that GLUT1 is involved in cell...
CONTEXT
Glucose uptake may be considered the rate-limiting step for the growth and metabolism of the cancer cell. Studies on GLUT1 have shown that GLUT1 is involved in cell survival and proliferation in both healthy and pathological circumstances. GLUT1 expression is regarded as one of the crucial elements in the development of local aggressiveness, tumour invasiveness, and metastasis, particularly in malignant tumours. The role of glut1 in odontogenic cysts and tumours has remained uncertain.
AIM
The aim of the study is to assess the expression of Glut1 in dentigerous cysts, odontogenic keratocysts, and ameloblastoma.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
The study was conducted in GSL Dental College. The study design was a resprospective immunohistochemical study.
METHODS AND MATERIAL
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks of histologically confirmed cases (n = 50), 10 cases of odontogenic keratocysts, dentigerous cysts, ameloblastomas solid, ameloblastomas unicystic, and dental follicles each. Brown colour staining was considered as positive staining for GLUT1. Quantitative analysis was performed by counting the number of labelled cells, and semi-quantitative analysis was conducted by assigning immunostaining intensity scores.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Chi-square test was used to compare differences between the groups. A value of ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
RESULTS
Odontogenic keratocysts and unicystic ameloblastoma showed ≥50% of label cells with strong intensity of staining. Odontogenic keratocysts and solid ameloblastoma showed sub-cellular localisation of staining in the cytoplasm and membrane. Dentigerous cysts exhibited combined nucleus, cytoplasm, and membrane sub-cellular localisation of staining.
CONCLUSIONS
The development of ameloblastomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and dentigerous cysts appears to be influenced by GLUT-1. Variation in its expression may aid in explanation of some of the differences in biological activity of these lesions.
PubMed: 38800443
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_455_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Feb 2024There are plenty of benign lesions that can result in swelling of the mandible, and these can be classified as odontogenic and non-odontogenic lesions. Among the...
There are plenty of benign lesions that can result in swelling of the mandible, and these can be classified as odontogenic and non-odontogenic lesions. Among the categories of odontogenic lesion, ameloblastoma is the most occurring lesion that takes origin from the epithelial cellular elements and dental tissues in their different stages of development. Ameloblastoma is the most serious odontogenic neoplasm due to its prevalence and clinical characteristics. Ameloblastoma is a broad class which encompasses 80% of solid multicystic type of ameloblastoma with unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) variant included as vital clinicopathological form claiming the rest 20% along with peripheral ameloblastoma variant. UA refers to cystic lesions that seem like jaw cysts clinically, radiographically, or grossly but are lined by typical ameloblastomatous epithelium, with or without luminal and/or mural tumor development, on histologic investigation. Around 5-15% of all ameloblastic lesions do not have a propensity to metastasis, and this is UA. Unicystic mural form, although slow growing overall, is very invasive locally and has a high recurrence rate. As UA tumors show very close features with dentigerous cyst, a very sharp differential diagnosis protocol need to be executed to exclude the other unicystic odontogenic lesions considering the clinical, radiological, and biological characteristics along with proper follow-up and seeing any recurrence of the lesion taking place. Here, we report the case of a twenty-one year male patient with UA of the mandible and review of the literature.
PubMed: 38595394
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_568_23 -
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral... Dec 2023Ameloblastoma is the most common aggressive benign odontogenic tumour of the jaws. Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic tumour that typically arises in the...
Ameloblastoma is the most common aggressive benign odontogenic tumour of the jaws. Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic tumour that typically arises in the mandible or maxilla. A clinical, radiographic and histopathological report is presented of a case of giant acanthomatous ameloblastoma in the left hemi mandible of a 46-year-old healthy lady. The histopathological examination of the removed specimen revealed the histopathological pattern of an acanthomatous ameloblastoma. The radiographic appearance of the lesion showed the presence of multilocular radiolucencies, which were crossing the midline, which is rarely found in ameloblastoma. Due to its rarity and lack of data, we take this opportunity to present a case of advanced acanthomatous ameloblastoma and its surgical challenges.
PubMed: 38105838
DOI: 10.1007/s12663-023-01998-1 -
Journal of the American Veterinary... May 2024
PubMed: 38467107
DOI: 10.2460/javma.24.01.0031