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Journal of Prosthodontics : Official... Aug 2023An interdisciplinary clinical review on denture stomatitis formulated by experts from prosthodontics, oral medicine, and oral microbiology is presented. The review... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
An interdisciplinary clinical review on denture stomatitis formulated by experts from prosthodontics, oral medicine, and oral microbiology is presented. The review outlines the etiopathogenesis, clinical features, and management strategies of denture stomatitis from an interdisciplinary perspective.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
English-language articles relating to the definition, incidence, gender distribution, geographical distribution, etiology, pathogenesis, symptoms, signs, treatment, and prognosis of denture stomatitis were retrieved via electronic literature search. Relevant articles were summarized for this manuscript with a view toward providing pragmatic information.
RESULTS
Denture stomatitis represents a very common, multifactorial infectious, inflammatory, and hyperplastic condition which is primarily caused by poor oral hygiene, poor denture hygiene, and full-time; mainly night-time denture wear, bringing about the emergence of advanced Candida-containing polymicrobial biofilms in close proximity to the host's mucosal tissues. Denture stomatitis shares clinically relevant associations with dental caries, periodontitis, median rhomboid glossitis, angular cheilitis, aspirational pneumonia, and associated mortality.
CONCLUSIONS
Effective, long-term treatment of denture stomatitis relies upon sustained patient-driven behavioral change which should focus on daily prosthesis-level cleaning and disinfection, removal of dentures at night, every night, engagement with professional denture maintenance, and when required, denture replacement. Antifungal medications offer limited benefits outside of short-term use due to the emergence of antifungal resistance. For frail, older, medically compromised, and nursing home populations, treatment of denture stomatitis lowers the risk of aspirational pneumonia and associated mortality.
Topics: Humans; Stomatitis, Denture; Antifungal Agents; Dental Caries; Pneumonia; Candida albicans
PubMed: 36988151
DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13687 -
Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) Mar 2024Cheilitis is a common inflammatory disorder of the vermillion and adjacent skin of the lips. A special type is angular cheilitis. The disease has a mixed etiology,... (Review)
Review
Cheilitis is a common inflammatory disorder of the vermillion and adjacent skin of the lips. A special type is angular cheilitis. The disease has a mixed etiology, mostly with bacterial and fungal components. Angular cheilitis may be a clinical sign of an underlying disease. It has two age peaks: one during childhood and another in adults. It becomes more frequent with aging. Clinical presentation, differential diagnoses, and treatment are discussed. Angular cheilitis is of importance in primary care of patients, in geriatrics, dentistry, pediatrics, internal medicine, and in dermatology.
PubMed: 38517608
DOI: 10.1007/s10354-024-01037-9 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Oct 2023Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory intestinal condition that can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract. It is characterized by its clinical heterogeneity... (Review)
Review
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory intestinal condition that can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract. It is characterized by its clinical heterogeneity and irregularities in its course. The etiology and pathogenesis are not well established, so it is difficult to establish an early diagnosis and an effective treatment plan. The objective of this systematic review was to present a qualitative synthesis of the studies referring to the oral manifestations of CD. This systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA guide. Research was conducted in the Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo, and Cocrahne Library databases on 23 February 2023, and updated on 1 September 2023. Articles published between 2012 and 2023 were selected. Articles that analyzed the oral manifestation of CD patients and met the established search terms. In addition, the quality of all the selected studies was analyzed following the CARE guidelines for case reports and the STROBE scale for observational studies. A total of 19 articles were included in this review that met the inclusion criteria. Regarding the oral manifestation of CD, oral ulcers, angular cheilitis, and gingivitis stand out. Periodontitis and vegetative pyostomatitis were the least representative manifestations. The most prevalent locations were lips, mucosa, and gingivae. Ulcers, gingivitis, and angular cheilitis are the most frequent oral manifestations in patients with CD. Their early identification and possible relationship with the disease are important for an early diagnosis and an adequate treatment plan.
PubMed: 37892587
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206450 -
JAMA Dermatology May 2024Kindler epidermolysis bullosa is a genetic skin-blistering disease associated with recessive inherited pathogenic variants in FERMT1, which encodes kindlin-1. Severe...
IMPORTANCE
Kindler epidermolysis bullosa is a genetic skin-blistering disease associated with recessive inherited pathogenic variants in FERMT1, which encodes kindlin-1. Severe orofacial manifestations of Kindler epidermolysis bullosa, including early oral squamous cell carcinoma, have been reported.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether hypoplastic pitted amelogenesis imperfecta is a feature of Kindler epidermolysis bullosa.
DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PARTICIPANTS
This longitudinal, 2-center cohort study was performed from 2003 to 2023 at the Epidermolysis Bullosa Centre, University of Freiburg, Germany, and the Special Care Dentistry Clinic, University of Chile in association with DEBRA Chile. Participants included a convenience sampling of all patients with a diagnosis of Kindler epidermolysis bullosa.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The primary outcomes were the presence of hypoplastic pitted amelogenesis imperfecta, intraoral wounds, gingivitis and periodontal disease, gingival hyperplasia, vestibular obliteration, cheilitis, angular cheilitis, chronic lip wounds, microstomia, and oral squamous cell carcinoma.
RESULTS
The cohort consisted of 36 patients (15 female [42%] and 21 male [58%]; mean age at first examination, 23 years [range, 2 weeks to 70 years]) with Kindler epidermolysis bullosa. The follow-up ranged from 1 to 24 years. The enamel structure was assessed in 11 patients, all of whom presented with enamel structure abnormalities. The severity of hypoplastic pitted amelogenesis imperfecta varied from generalized to localized pitting. Additional orofacial features observed include gingivitis and periodontal disease, which was present in 90% (27 of 30 patients) of those assessed, followed by intraoral lesions (16 of 22 patients [73%]), angular cheilitis (24 of 33 patients [73%]), cheilitis (22 of 34 patients [65%]), gingival overgrowth (17 of 26 patients [65%]), microstomia (14 of 25 patients [56%]), and vestibular obliteration (8 of 16 patients [50%]). Other features included chronic lip ulcers (2 patients) and oral squamous cell carcinoma with lethal outcome (2 patients).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
These findings suggest that hypoplastic pitted amelogenesis imperfecta is a feature of Kindler epidermolysis bullosa and underscore the extent and severity of oral manifestations in Kindler epidermolysis bullosa and the need for early and sustained dental care.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Adult; Young Adult; Child, Preschool; Adolescent; Child; Epidermolysis Bullosa; Middle Aged; Longitudinal Studies; Periodontal Diseases; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Amelogenesis Imperfecta; Cohort Studies; Mouth Neoplasms; Gingivitis; Cheilitis; Chile
PubMed: 38506824
DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2024.0065 -
Dental and Medical Problems 2023Diet and eating habits significantly affect health and quality of life. Various diets and food eliminations can lead to nutritional deficiencies and malnutrition. This... (Review)
Review
Diet and eating habits significantly affect health and quality of life. Various diets and food eliminations can lead to nutritional deficiencies and malnutrition. This article discusses the relationship between nutrition, nutritional deficiencies, and the condition of the periodontium and oral mucosa. An analysis of PubMed materials was conducted to assess the impact of nutrition on the condition of the oral mucosa and periodontium. We also considered dietary habits such as vegetarianism, the ketogenic diet, the Paleo diet, the Mediterranean diet, the Western diet, and intermittent fasting. Vitamin deficiencies, both watersoluble and fat-soluble, as well as macroand microelements, can manifest in the oral cavity, among others, as gingivitis and bleeding, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, enamel hypomineralization, cheilitis, angular cheilitis, halitosis, glossitis, lingual papillae atrophy, and stomatitis. Malnutrition does not cause periodontal disease, but it increases the risk of its occurrence and accelerates disease progression. Inadequate nutrition, combined with other predisposing factors, may contribute to an increased risk of oral cancer and the development of leukoplakia.
Topics: Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Cheilitis; Quality of Life; Periodontium; Malnutrition
PubMed: 38133993
DOI: 10.17219/dmp/156466 -
Journal of International Society of... 2023Assessing the knowledge of clinical dental students regarding prevalent geriatric oral diseases is crucial in evaluating their clinical competency. This study focuses on...
AIM
Assessing the knowledge of clinical dental students regarding prevalent geriatric oral diseases is crucial in evaluating their clinical competency. This study focuses on analyzing dental students' knowledge of angular cheilitis (AC) and xerostomia in elderly patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this analytical cross-sectional investigation, clinical dental students from Universitas Airlangga were involved. We employed simple random sampling to select a minimum of 76 students and gathered data, including demographic information and knowledge about AC and xerostomia, through an online questionnaire. Respondents were then categorized into three groups based on their knowledge level: poor, moderate, and good. We utilized coefficient contingency and odds ratio analysis to explore relationships and effects between demographic factors and knowledge levels.
RESULTS
The study findings indicated that a significant majority of respondents demonstrated a high level of comprehension regarding AC (58.4%). Conversely, a notable proportion of respondents exhibited limited knowledge regarding xerostomia (66.3%). Furthermore, our correlation analysis, which aimed to identify potential associations between knowledge levels and intrinsic factors such as gender, clinical interest, and proximity to geriatric individuals, did not reveal any statistically significant relationships ( > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Within the population of clinical dental students, there is a commendable level of knowledge concerning AC in the geriatric demographic. However, a substantial segment of students lacks adequate understanding when it comes to xerostomia.
PubMed: 38304532
DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_91_23 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Nov 2023Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic gluten-sensitive immune-mediated enteropathy characterized by numerous intestinal and extra-intestinal signs and symptoms. Among... (Review)
Review
Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic gluten-sensitive immune-mediated enteropathy characterized by numerous intestinal and extra-intestinal signs and symptoms. Among extra-intestinal manifestations, otorhinolaryngological (ORL) complaints in CeD are relatively rare and their relation to CeD is frequently overlooked by physicians. Recent studies underlined that the prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, aphthous ulcers, geographic tongue, and xerostomia was significantly increased in CeD patients compared with healthy individuals. However, data about the other oral manifestations of CeD, such as atrophic glossitis, glossodynia, angular cheilitis, and salivary abnormalities, are scanty. Further ORL conditions associated with CeD include sensorineural hearing loss, nasal abnormalities, and obstructive sleep apnea. Moreover, several esophageal disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease and eosinophilic esophagitis have been associated with CeD. The pathophysiological link between both ORL and esophageal manifestations and CeD might be further investigated. In addition, also the role of gluten-free diet in improving these conditions is largely unclear. Certainly, otorhinolaryngologists can play an important role in identifying people with unrecognized CeD and may help prevent its long-term complications. The aim of this narrative review is to analyze the latest evidence on the association between CeD and ORL and esophageal manifestations.
PubMed: 38002650
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227036