-
Acta Parasitologica Jun 2024The aim of the present study was to analyze the frequency of the piroplasmids in blood from dogs and ticks recovered from these animals in Teresópolis city, located...
PURPOSE
The aim of the present study was to analyze the frequency of the piroplasmids in blood from dogs and ticks recovered from these animals in Teresópolis city, located in the mountain region of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. In addition to the clinical and hematological profile.
METHODS
A total of 400 dogs attended in a veterinary clinic in this city between 2020 and 2021 were included. The blood was collected from the dogs, along with ticks and information on these dogs was obtained through a questionnaire applied to the owners. Thin-smear analyses and complete blood counts were performed. All forms characteristic of piroplasmids were measured and classified morphologically. The blood was also subjected to PCR assays based on the genes 18S rRNA and hsp70. In addition, the ixodid ticks were classified morphologically and subjected to PCR for piroplasmids research. The amplified products were sent for gene sequencing.
RESULTS
Piroplasmids were detected in 2.3% of the dogs. The variables statistically associated with infections in these animals were hemorrhage/bleeding, jaundice, anisocytosis, activated monocytes and macroplatelets (p ≤ 0.05). Piriform, ring-shaped, oval and aberrant structures were viewed in erythrocytes, neutrophils and monocytes, with lengths greater than and less than 2.5 µm. The nine positive samples from these dogs were characterized as due to Rangelia vitalii. However, one sequence from B. vogeli was detected in a single adult specimen of R. sanguineus.
CONCLUSION
Although circulation of two species of piroplasmids potentially infective for domestic dogs has been observed in the mountain city of Rio de Janeiro, infection due to R. vitalii was mostly seen in the dogs of the present study.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Brazil; Dog Diseases; Male; Piroplasmida; Female; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; Babesiosis; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Ticks
PubMed: 38602588
DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00843-w -
British Journal of Haematology Mar 2024Biallelic pathogenic variants in CAD, that encode the multienzymatic protein required for de-novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, cause early infantile epileptic...
Biallelic pathogenic variants in CAD, that encode the multienzymatic protein required for de-novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, cause early infantile epileptic encephalopathy-50. This rare disease, characterized by developmental delay, intractable seizures and anaemia, is amenable to treatment with uridine. We present a patient with macrocytic anaemia, elevated haemoglobin-A2 levels, anisocytosis, poikilocytosis and target cells in the blood smear, and mild developmental delay. A next-generation sequencing panel revealed biallelic variants in CAD. Functional studies did not support complete abrogation of protein function; however, the patient responded to uridine supplement. We conclude that biallelic hypomorphic CAD variants may cause a primarily haematological phenotype.
Topics: Humans; Spasms, Infantile; Uridine; Anemia; Anemia, Macrocytic; Hemoglobins
PubMed: 37984840
DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19215 -
Journal of Comparative Pathology Jan 2024An adult sulphur-crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita) was unexpectedly found dead and was presented for post-mortem examination. Macroscopically, the proventricular wall...
An adult sulphur-crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita) was unexpectedly found dead and was presented for post-mortem examination. Macroscopically, the proventricular wall was expanded by an infiltrative off-white mass, 10 mm in diameter, with secondary mucosal ulceration. Cytological examination of impression smears revealed a neoplastic epithelial cell population forming occasional well-defined acini with secretory product. Histologically, the neoplastic cells were predominantly arranged in acini and tubules, with fewer in small clusters, supported by a desmoplastic stroma. Neoplastic cells were polygonal, with mostly well-demarcated cell boundaries and a moderate amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm that was multifocally markedly distended by more intensely eosinophilic material. There was an increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio with moderately sized to large nuclei (approximately 15 μm diameter) with lightly to densely stippled chromatin and single or paired prominent basophilic nucleoli. The mitotic count was 19 in 10 high-power fields (2.37 mm), with scattered bizarre mitotic figures and atypia including moderate anisocytosis and anisokaryosis and moderate cellular and nuclear pleomorphism. There was frequent intratubular brightly eosinophilic proteinaceous material, which was Alcian blue and periodic acid‒Schiff positive. Proventricular lymphovascular invasion was detected, with metastases within the ventriculus and lungs. The macroscopic, cytological and histological appearance of the neoplasm was consistent with a proventricular adenocarcinoma.
Topics: Animals; Cockatoos; Adenocarcinoma
PubMed: 38101282
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2023.11.004 -
IJID Regions Sep 2023To analyze variations in blood profile, the extent of hematological disorders, and the impact of comorbidities and COVID-19 vaccination on blood profile parameters and...
OBJECTIVES
To analyze variations in blood profile, the extent of hematological disorders, and the impact of comorbidities and COVID-19 vaccination on blood profile parameters and their clinical value for prognostic of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study took place in Douala, Cameroon. A complete blood count and molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 were performed on patients. Clinical value was appraised using area under the curve (AUC) analysis.
RESULTS
In total, 420 participants were included. A significant reduction of hematological parameters such as lymphocytes ( < 0.0001), red blood cells ( = 0.0025), mean corpuscular hemoglobin count ( < 0.0001), and platelets ( = 0.02) was seen in SARS-CoV-2 (+) patients. Anisocytosis was the main hematological disorder (95.5%). Normocytic normochromic anemia was predominant in SARS-CoV-2 (+) (35.3%) while microcytic normochromic anemia was more frequently seen in SARS-CoV-2 (-) (16.5%). Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) consistently showed statistically significant AUC ∼0.75 upon stratification for age, gender, and comorbidities, with the exception of COVID-19 vaccination uptake.
CONCLUSION
In a context where molecular detection methods are difficultly affordable in health facilities in developing countries such as Cameroon, NLR could be clinically interesting for identifying SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals, especially those with comorbidities.
PubMed: 37663007
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.08.003 -
Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and... Apr 2024No definitive prognostic biomarkers for carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning have been proposed. The aim of this study is to investigate, through a systematic literature... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
No definitive prognostic biomarkers for carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning have been proposed. The aim of this study is to investigate, through a systematic literature review and pooled analysis, whether red blood cell distribution width (RDW) can predict disease severity in CO-poisoned patients. We performed an electronic search in Scopus and PubMed using the keywords: 'red blood cell distribution width' OR 'RDW' AND 'carbon monoxide' AND 'poisoning,' with no time or language restrictions (i.e. through August 2023) to find clinical studies that examined the value of RDW in patients with varying severity of CO poisoning. The analysis was performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 reporting checklist. We identified 29 articles, seven of which were included in our analysis, with a total of 1979 CO-poisoned patients, 25.9% of whom were severely ill. In all but one of the studies, the RWD mean or median value was higher in CO-poisoned patients with severe disease. The weighted mean difference (WMD) of RDW was 0.36 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.26-0.47)%. In the three articles in which the severity of illness in CO-poisoned patients was defined as cardiac injury, the WMD of the RDW was 1.26 (95%CI, 1.02-1.50)%. These results suggest that monitoring RDW in CO-poisoned patients may help to determine the severity of disease, particularly cardiac injury.
Topics: Humans; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Erythrocyte Indices; Severity of Illness Index; Biomarkers; Erythrocytes
PubMed: 38549291
DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2024.2332998 -
BMC Veterinary Research Jul 2023Pericardial effusions are one of the most common cardiac diseases in dogs. Common causes of haemorrhagic pericardial effusions include neoplasia, such as...
BACKGROUND
Pericardial effusions are one of the most common cardiac diseases in dogs. Common causes of haemorrhagic pericardial effusions include neoplasia, such as hemangiosarcoma, mesothelioma, chemodectoma, and ectopic thyroid tumours, and benign idiopathic pericardial effusion. Distinguishing among reactive mesothelial cells, malignant mesothelioma, and adenocarcinoma in body effusions is a diagnostic challenge. Therefore, the author aimed to discover whether the observed cells were reactive mesothelial, mesothelioma, or adenocarcinoma cells through immunocytochemistry using five markers (cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, E-cadherin, and calretinin) in a canine patient.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 2.1 kg, spayed female, 10-year-old Yorkshire Terrier dog presented to a local hospital with dyspnoea and was evaluated for pericardial effusion. The presence of pericardial fluid was confirmed, and she was referred to our hospital for further evaluation. In cytological evaluation, cells shed individually or in clusters were observed, along with numerous non-degenerative neutrophils and macrophages. The cells showed binucleation, anisocytosis, anisokaryosis, abnormal nucleoli, abundant basophilic cytoplasm, high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, and coarse chromatin. Large atypical multinucleate cells were also observed. Erythrophagia was observed, indicating chronic haemorrhage. Immunocytochemistry using pericardial fluid was positive for cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, E-cadherin, and calretinin. Therefore, malignant mesothelioma was diagnosed.
CONCLUSIONS
Immunocytochemistry is a very useful diagnostic technique because it can determine whether several fluorescent markers are simultaneously expressed in the same cell. Further, E-cadherin and calretinin can be used for the differential diagnosis of reactive mesothelial cells, malignant mesothelioma, and adenocarcinoma in dogs.
Topics: Female; Dogs; Animals; Pericardial Effusion; Pericardial Fluid; Mesothelioma, Malignant; Calbindin 2; Vimentin; Immunohistochemistry; Desmin; Thymus Neoplasms; Mesothelioma; Heart Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma; Cadherins; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 37480011
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03655-8 -
Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift Oct 2023Little is known about the potential impact of the red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and pre-existing comorbidities on the late-phase survival of polytraumatized...
INTRODUCTION
Little is known about the potential impact of the red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and pre-existing comorbidities on the late-phase survival of polytraumatized patients.
METHODS
A total of 173 polytraumatized patients were included retrospectively in this cohort study in a level I trauma center from January 2012 to December 2015. The Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) scores and RDW values were evaluated.
RESULTS
Out of all polytraumatized patients (n = 173), 72.8% (n = 126) were male, the mean ISS was 31.7 points (range 17-75) and the mean age was 45.1 years (range 18-93 years). Significantly higher RDW values (13.90 vs. 13.37; p = 0.006) and higher CCI scores (3.38 vs. 0.49; p < 0.001) were seen in elderly polytraumatized patients (age > 55 years). RDW values > 13.75% (p = 0.033) and CCI scores > 2 points (p = 0.001) were found to have a significant influence on the late-phase survival of polytraumatized patients. Age > 55 years (p = 0.009, HR 0.312; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.130-0.749) and the presence of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) (p = 0.007; HR 0.185; 95% CI 0.054-0.635) remained as independent prognostic factors on the late-phase survival after multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSION
Even younger elderly polytraumatized patients (> 55 years of age) showed significant higher RDW values and higher CCI scores. In addition to the presence of severe TBI and age > 55 years, RDW value > 13.75% on admission and CCI score > 2 might help to identify the "younger" frail polytraumatized patient at risk.
Topics: Humans; Male; Aged; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Retrospective Studies; Prognosis; Cohort Studies; Frail Elderly; Trauma Centers; Erythrocyte Indices; Comorbidity; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Erythrocytes
PubMed: 35943632
DOI: 10.1007/s00508-022-02063-6 -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023Sickle cell disease (SCD) is heterogeneous in terms of manifestation severity, even more so when in compound heterozygosity with beta-thalassemia. The aim of the present...
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is heterogeneous in terms of manifestation severity, even more so when in compound heterozygosity with beta-thalassemia. The aim of the present study was to stratify ββ patient blood samples in a severity-dependent manner. Blood from thirty-two patients with HbS/β-thalassemia compound heterozygosity was examined for several parameters (e.g., hemostasis, inflammation, redox equilibrium) against healthy controls. Additionally, SCD patients were a posteriori (a) categorized based on the L-glutamine dose and (b) clustered into high-/low-RDW subgroups. The patient cohort was characterized by anemia, inflammation, and elevated coagulation. Higher-dose administration of L-glutamine was associated with decreased markers of inflammation and oxidation (e.g., intracellular reactive oxygen species) and an altered coagulation profile. The higher-RDW group was characterized by increased hemolysis, elevated markers of inflammation and stress erythropoiesis, and oxidative phenomena (e.g., membrane-bound hemoglobin). Moreover, the levels of hemostasis parameters (e.g., D-Dimers) were greater compared to the lower-RDW subgroup. The administration of higher doses of L-glutamine along with hydroxyurea seems to attenuate several features in SCD patients, probably by enhancing antioxidant power. Moreover, anisocytosis may alter erythrocytes' coagulation processes and hemolytic propensity. This results in the disruption of the redox and pro-/anti-inflammatory equilibria, creating a positive feedback loop by inducing stress erythropoiesis and, thus, the occurrence of a mixed erythrocyte population.
PubMed: 38001835
DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111982 -
Diagnosis (Berlin, Germany) Apr 2024Monocyte distribution width (MDW) is a measure of monocyte anisocytosis. In this study, we assessed the role of MDW, in comparison to C-reactive protein (CRP),...
OBJECTIVES
Monocyte distribution width (MDW) is a measure of monocyte anisocytosis. In this study, we assessed the role of MDW, in comparison to C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and lactate, as a screening and prognostic biomarker of sepsis in intensive care unit (ICU) by longitudinally measuring it in the first 5 days of hospital stay.
METHODS
We considered all consecutive patients admitted to the ICU. At admission, patients were classified as septic or not according to Sepsis-3 criteria. MDW, CRP, PCT, and lactate were measured daily in the first 5 days of hospitalization. ICU mortality was also recorded.
RESULTS
We included 193 patients, 62 with sepsis and 131 without sepsis (controls). 58% and 26 % of the patients, with and without sepsis respectively, died during ICU stay. MDW showed the highest accuracy for sepsis detection, superior to CRP, PCT, and lactate (AUC of 0.840, 0.755, 0.708, 0.622, respectively). At admission, no biomarker predicts ICU mortality in patients with sepsis. The kinetic of all biomarkers during the first 5 days of hospitalization was associated with ICU mortality. Noteworthy, above all, the kinetic of MDW showed the best accuracy. Specifically, an increase or decrease in MDW from day 1-4 and 5 was significantly associated with mortality or survival, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
MDW is a reliable diagnostic and prognostic sepsis biomarker, better than traditional biomarkers.
PubMed: 38644729
DOI: 10.1515/dx-2024-0019 -
Journal of Medical Biochemistry Oct 2023This systematic literature review and meta-analysis investigated whether the red blood cell distribution (RDW) may predict survival outcomes in laryngeal cancer patients...
BACKGROUND
This systematic literature review and meta-analysis investigated whether the red blood cell distribution (RDW) may predict survival outcomes in laryngeal cancer patients undergoing curative treatment.
METHODS
We conducted an electronic search in Medline and Scopus using the keywords "red blood cell distribution width" OR "RDW" AND "laryngeal cancer" OR "larynx cancer" OR "laryngeal carcinoma" OR "larynx carcinoma," without time or language restrictions (up to February 2023), for identifying studies investigating the prognostic value of RDW in patients with any form of laryngeal cancer and with a primary endpoint that was set as survival rate and/or disease-free survival between 1 and 10 years after curative treatment. The research was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 reporting checklist.
PubMed: 38090509
DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-42947