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Trends in Pharmacological Sciences Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 38777669
DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2024.05.002 -
Carbohydrate Polymers Sep 2023Platinum anticancer drugs have been explored and developed in recent years to reduce systematic toxicities and resist drug resistance. Polysaccharides derived from... (Review)
Review
Platinum anticancer drugs have been explored and developed in recent years to reduce systematic toxicities and resist drug resistance. Polysaccharides derived from nature have abundant structures as well as pharmacological activities. The review provides insights on the design, synthesis, characterization and associating therapeutic application of platinum complexes with polysaccharides that are classified by electronic charge. The complexes give birth to multifunctional properties with enhanced drug accumulation, improved tumor selectivity and achieved synergistic antitumor effect in cancer therapy. Several techniques developing polysaccharides-based carriers newly are also discussed. Moreover, the lasted immunoregulatory activities of innate immune reactions triggered by polysaccharides are summarized. Finally, we discuss the current shortcomings and outline potential strategies for improving platinum-based personalized cancer treatment. Using platinum-polysaccharides complexes for improving the immunotherapy efficiency represents a promising framework in future.
Topics: Humans; Platinum; Precision Medicine; Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 37230639
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120997 -
Environmental Research Dec 2023The cardiovascular diseases have been among the most common malignancies and the first leading cause of death, even higher than cancer. The cardiovascular diseases can... (Review)
Review
The cardiovascular diseases have been among the most common malignancies and the first leading cause of death, even higher than cancer. The cardiovascular diseases can be developed as a result of cardiac dysfunction and damages to heart tissue. Exposure to toxic agents and chemicals that induce cardiac dysfunction has been of interest in recent years. The chemotherapy drugs are commonly used for cancer therapy and in these patients, cardiovascular diseases have been widely observed that is due to negative impact of chemotherapy drugs on the heart. These drugs increase oxidative damage and inflammation, and mediate apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction. Hence, nanotechnological approaches have been emerged as new strategies in attenuation of chemotherapy-mediated cardiotoxicity. The first advantage of nanoparticles can be explored in targeted and selective delivery of drugs to reduce their accumulation in heart tissue. Nanostructures can deliver bioactive and therapeutic compounds in reducing cardiotoxicity and alleviation toxic impacts of chemotherapy drugs. The functionalization of nanostructures increases their selectivity against tumor cells and reduces accumulation of drugs in heart tissue. The bioplatforms such as chitosan and alginate nanostructures can also deliver chemotherapy drugs and reduce their cardiotoxicity. The function of nanostructures is versatile in reduction of cardiotoxicity by chemotherapy drugs and new kind of platforms is hydrogels that can mediate sustained release of drug to reduce its toxic impacts on heart tissue. The various kinds of nanoplatforms have been developed for alleviation of cardiotoxicity and their future clinical application depends on their biocompatibility. High concentration level of chitosan nanoparticles can stimulate cardiotoxicity. Therefore, if nanotechnology is going to be deployed for drug delivery and reducing cardiotoxicity, the first pre-requirement is to lack toxicity on normal cells and have high biocompatibility.
Topics: Humans; Cardiotoxicity; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chitosan; Neoplasms; Heart Diseases; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 37633635
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116989 -
Nanoscale Nov 2023Camptothecin (CPT) is a cytotoxic alkaloid that attenuates the replication of cancer cells blocking DNA topoisomerase 1. Despite its encouraging and wide-spectrum... (Review)
Review
Camptothecin (CPT) is a cytotoxic alkaloid that attenuates the replication of cancer cells blocking DNA topoisomerase 1. Despite its encouraging and wide-spectrum antitumour activity, its application is significantly restricted owing to its instability, low solubility, significant toxicity, and acquired tumour cell resistance. This has resulted in the development of many CPT-based therapeutic agents, especially CPT-based nanomedicines, with improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. Specifically, smart CPT-based prodrug nanomedicines with stimuli-responsive release capacity have been extensively explored owing to the advantages such as high drug loading, improved stability, and decreased potential toxicity caused by the carrier materials in comparison with normal nanodrugs and traditional delivery systems. In this review, the potential strategies and applications of CPT-based nanoprodrugs for enhanced CPT delivery toward cancer cells are summarized. We appraise in detail the chemical structures and release mechanisms of these nanoprodrugs and guide materials chemists to develop more powerful nanomedicines that have real clinical therapeutic capacities.
Topics: Prodrugs; Drug Delivery Systems; Camptothecin; Nanomedicine; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37909755
DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04147f -
Chemical Biology & Drug Design Apr 2024β-Carboline nucleus is therapeutically valuable in medicinal chemistry for the treatment of varied number of diseases, most importantly cancer. The potent and... (Review)
Review
β-Carboline nucleus is therapeutically valuable in medicinal chemistry for the treatment of varied number of diseases, most importantly cancer. The potent and wide-ranging activity of β-carboline has established them as imperative pharmacological scaffolds especially in the cancer treatment. Numerous derivatives such as Tetrahydro β-carbolines, metal complexed β-carbolines, mono, di and tri substituted β-carbolines have been reported to possess dynamic anticancer activity. These different substituted β-carboline derivatives had shown different mechanism of action and plays important role in anticancer drug discovery and development. The review is an update of the chemistry of β-carbolines, both synthetic and natural origin acting through various targets against cancerous cells. In addition to this, studies of multitarget molecules designed by coupling β-carbolines along with other mechanisms for treatment of neoplasm are also summarized.
Topics: Carbolines; Humans; Antineoplastic Agents; Neoplasms; Animals
PubMed: 38653576
DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14521 -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Reviews... Nov 2023Citrate is a key metabolite of the Krebs cycle that can also be exported in the cytosol, where it performs several functions. In normal cells, citrate sustains protein... (Review)
Review
Citrate is a key metabolite of the Krebs cycle that can also be exported in the cytosol, where it performs several functions. In normal cells, citrate sustains protein acetylation, lipid synthesis, gluconeogenesis, insulin secretion, bone tissues formation, spermatozoid mobility, and immune response. Dysregulation of citrate metabolism is implicated in several pathologies, including cancer. Here we discuss how cancer cells use citrate to sustain their proliferation, survival, and metastatic progression. Also, we propose two paradoxically opposite strategies to reduce tumour growth by targeting citrate metabolism in preclinical models. In the first strategy, we propose to administer in the tumor microenvironment a high amount of citrate, which can then act as a glycolysis inhibitor and apoptosis inducer, whereas the other strategy targets citrate transporters to starve cancer cells from citrate. These strategies, effective in several preclinical in vitro and in vivo cancer models, could be exploited in clinics, particularly to increase sensibility to current anti-cancer agents.
Topics: Humans; Citric Acid; Neoplasms; Glycolysis; Citric Acid Cycle; Antineoplastic Agents; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37717858
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188987 -
Cancer Discovery Jan 2024In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Suehnholz and colleagues describe their efforts to quantify the gradual yet steady progress of precision oncology by surveying the...
In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Suehnholz and colleagues describe their efforts to quantify the gradual yet steady progress of precision oncology by surveying the regulatory approvals of targeted cancer therapies, and thus the actionability of corresponding molecular alterations in clinical practice, over more than 20 years. Their work also suggests a relationship between the discovery of candidate therapeutic targets through comprehensive tumor profiling and molecularly guided cancer drug development. See related article by Suehnholz et al., p. 49 (5).
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Precision Medicine; Medical Oncology; Antineoplastic Agents; Molecular Targeted Therapy
PubMed: 38213297
DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-23-1237 -
Molecular Cancer Oct 2023Cancer stem cells (CSCs), initially identified in leukemia in 1994, constitute a distinct subset of tumor cells characterized by surface markers such as CD133, CD44, and... (Review)
Review
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), initially identified in leukemia in 1994, constitute a distinct subset of tumor cells characterized by surface markers such as CD133, CD44, and ALDH. Their behavior is regulated through a complex interplay of networks, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, epigenetic, tumor microenvironment (TME), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) factors. Numerous signaling pathways were found to be involved in the regulatory network of CSCs. The maintenance of CSC characteristics plays a pivotal role in driving CSC-associated tumor metastasis and conferring resistance to therapy. Consequently, CSCs have emerged as promising targets in cancer treatment. To date, researchers have developed several anticancer agents tailored to specifically target CSCs, with some of these treatment strategies currently undergoing preclinical or clinical trials. In this review, we outline the origin and biological characteristics of CSCs, explore the regulatory networks governing CSCs, discuss the signaling pathways implicated in these networks, and investigate the influential factors contributing to therapy resistance in CSCs. Finally, we offer insights into preclinical and clinical agents designed to eliminate CSCs.
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Agents; Signal Transduction; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37853437
DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01877-w -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2024Surgical removal together with chemotherapy and radiotherapy has used to be the pillars of cancer treatment. Although these traditional methods are still considered as... (Review)
Review
Surgical removal together with chemotherapy and radiotherapy has used to be the pillars of cancer treatment. Although these traditional methods are still considered as the first-line or standard treatments, non-operative situation, systemic toxicity or resistance severely weakened the therapeutic effect. More recently, synthetic biological nanocarriers elicited substantial interest and exhibited promising potential for combating cancer. In particular, bacteria and their derivatives are omnipotent to realize intrinsic tumor targeting and inhibit tumor growth with anti-cancer agents secreted and immune response. They are frequently employed in synergistic bacteria-mediated anticancer treatments to strengthen the effectiveness of anti-cancer treatment. In this review, we elaborate on the development, mechanism and advantage of bacterial therapy against cancer and then systematically introduce the bacteria-based nanoprobes against cancer and the recent achievements in synergistic treatment strategies and clinical trials. We also discuss the advantages as well as the limitations of these bacteria-based nanoprobes, especially the questions that hinder their application in human, exhibiting this novel anti-cancer endeavor comprehensively.
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Agents; Bacteria
PubMed: 38283198
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S438164 -
Profiles of Drug Substances,... 2024Ponatinib is a prescription medication used to treat a rare form of blood cancer called Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) and... (Review)
Review
Ponatinib is a prescription medication used to treat a rare form of blood cancer called Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) that is resistant to other treatments. It belongs to a class of drugs called tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which work by blocking abnormal proteins that promote the growth of cancer cells. In this chapter, the synthesis methods and physicochemical properties of ponatinib were reviewed, besides the characterization of the ponatinib structure using different techniques such as elemental analysis, IR, UV, (H and C) NMR, MS, and XRD. Furthermore, the compendial method for analysis of ponatinib was not found, while the literature review of a non-compendial method for analysis of ponatinib, such as spectroscopic, chromatographic, and immunoassay methods, was covered. Moreover, pharmacology and biochemistry were surveyed in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies.
Topics: Humans; Antineoplastic Agents; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Imidazoles; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive; Pyridazines
PubMed: 38423710
DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2023.11.005