-
Drug Development Research May 2024In the recent decade, nanoparticles (NPs) have had enormous implications in cancer biomedicine, including research, diagnosis, and therapy. However, their broad... (Review)
Review
In the recent decade, nanoparticles (NPs) have had enormous implications in cancer biomedicine, including research, diagnosis, and therapy. However, their broad application still faces obstacles due to some practical limitations and requires further development. Recently, there has been more interest in the coated class of nanoparticles to address those challenges. Chitosan-coated NPs are simple to produce, biodegradable, biocompatible, exhibit antibacterial activity, and have less cytotoxicity. This study provides an updated and comprehensive overview of the application of chitosan-coated NPs as a promising class of NPs in cancer biomedicine. Additionally, we discussed chitosan-coated lipid, metal, and polymer-based nanoparticles in biomedical applications. Furthermore, different coating methods and production/characterization procedures were reviewed. Moreover, the biological and physicochemical advantages of chitosan-coated NPs, including facilitated controlled release, greater physicochemical stability, improved cell/tissue interaction, and enhanced bioavailability of medications, were highlighted. Finally, the prospects of chitosan-coated NPs in cancer biomedicine were discussed.
Topics: Chitosan; Humans; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 38678548
DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22189 -
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Oct 2023Heterocycles are common in the structure of drugs used clinically to deal with diseases. Such drugs usually contain nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, which possess... (Review)
Review
Heterocycles are common in the structure of drugs used clinically to deal with diseases. Such drugs usually contain nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, which possess electron-accepting capacity and can form hydrogen bonds. These properties often bring enhanced target binding ability to these compounds when compared to alkanes. Pyrazine is a nitrogen-containing six-membered heterocyclic ring and many of its derivatives are identified as bioactive molecules. We review here the most active pyrazine compounds in terms of their structure, activity in vitro and in vivo (mainly antitumor activity) and the reported mechanisms of action. References have been downloaded through Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and SciFinder Scholar. Publications reporting only the chemistry of pyrazine derivatives are beyond the scope of this review and have not been included. We found that compounds in which a pyrazine ring was fused into other heterocycles especially pyrrole or imidazole were the highly studied pyrazine derivatives, whose antineoplastic activity had been widely investigated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review of pyrazine derivatives and their bioactivity, especially their antitumor activity. This review should be useful for those engaged in development of medications based on heterocyclic compounds especially those based on pyrazine.
Topics: Pyrazines; Heterocyclic Compounds; Antineoplastic Agents; Nitrogen
PubMed: 37300915
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115544 -
Archives of Pharmacal Research Dec 2023The reprogramming of lipid metabolism and its association with oncogenic signaling pathways within the tumor microenvironment (TME) have emerged as significant hallmarks... (Review)
Review
The reprogramming of lipid metabolism and its association with oncogenic signaling pathways within the tumor microenvironment (TME) have emerged as significant hallmarks of cancer. Lipid metabolism is defined as a complex set of molecular processes including lipid uptake, synthesis, transport, and degradation. The dysregulation of lipid metabolism is affected by enzymes and signaling molecules directly or indirectly involved in the lipid metabolic process. Regulation of lipid metabolizing enzymes has been shown to modulate cancer development and to avoid resistance to anticancer drugs in tumors and the TME. Because of this, understanding the metabolic reprogramming associated with oncogenic progression is important to develop strategies for cancer treatment. Recent advances provide insight into fundamental mechanisms and the connections between altered lipid metabolism and tumorigenesis. In this review, we explore alterations to lipid metabolism and the pivotal factors driving lipid metabolic reprogramming, which exacerbate cancer progression. We also shed light on the latest insights and current therapeutic approaches based on small molecular inhibitors and phytochemicals targeting lipid metabolism for cancer treatment. Further investigations are worthwhile to fully understand the underlying mechanisms and the correlation between altered lipid metabolism and carcinogenesis.
Topics: Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Tumor Microenvironment; Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinogenesis; Lipids
PubMed: 38060103
DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01473-y -
Progress in Molecular Biology and... 2024Synthetic biology, precision medicine, and nanobiotechnology are the three main emerging areas that drive translational innovation toward commercialization. There are... (Review)
Review
Synthetic biology, precision medicine, and nanobiotechnology are the three main emerging areas that drive translational innovation toward commercialization. There are several strategies used in precision medicine and drug repurposing is one of the key approaches as it addresses the challenges in drug discovery (high cost and time). Here, we provide a perspective on various new approaches to drug repurposing for cancer precision medicine. We report here our optimized wound healing methodology that can be used to validate drug sensitivity and drug repurposing. Using HeLa as our benchmark, we demonstrated that the assay can be applied to identify drugs that limit cell proliferation. From a future perspective, this assay can be expanded to ex vivo culturing of solid tumors in 2D culture and leukemia in 3D culture.
Topics: Drug Repositioning; Humans; HeLa Cells; Cell Proliferation; Antineoplastic Agents; Wound Healing
PubMed: 38789188
DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2024.03.021 -
Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2024There is growing epidemiologic evidence of an inverse association between cancer and AD. In addition, both cell survival and death are regulated by the same signaling... (Review)
Review
There is growing epidemiologic evidence of an inverse association between cancer and AD. In addition, both cell survival and death are regulated by the same signaling pathways, and their abnormal regulation may be implicated in the occurrence and development of cancer and AD. Research shows that there may be a common molecular mechanism between cancer and AD. This review will discuss the role of GSK3, DAPK1, PP2A, P53 and CB2R in the pathogenesis of cancer and AD and describe the current research status of drug development based on these targets.
Topics: Humans; Alzheimer Disease; Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Agents; Animals; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 38037912
DOI: 10.2174/0113895575263108231031132404 -
Farmacia Hospitalaria : Organo Oficial... 2024
Topics: Humans; Precision Medicine; Hematologic Neoplasms; Pharmaceutical Services; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 38658254
DOI: 10.1016/j.farma.2024.03.009 -
BioEssays : News and Reviews in... Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Patents as Topic; Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 38631038
DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400081 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2023Hyaluronic acid (HA) receptor CD44 is widely used for identifying cancer stem cells and its activation promotes stemness. Recent evidence shows that overexpression of... (Review)
Review
Hyaluronic acid (HA) receptor CD44 is widely used for identifying cancer stem cells and its activation promotes stemness. Recent evidence shows that overexpression of CD44 is associated with poor prognosis in most human cancers and mediates therapy resistance. For these reasons, in recent years, CD44 has become a treatment target in precision oncology, often via HA-conjugated antineoplastic drugs. Importantly, HA molecules of different sizes have a dual effect and, therefore, may enhance or attenuate the CD44-mediated signaling pathways, as they compete with endogenous HA for binding to the receptors. The magnitude of these effects could be crucial for cancer progression, as well as for driving the inflammatory response in the tumor microenvironment. The increasingly common use of HA-conjugated drugs in oncology, as well as HA-based compounds as adjuvants in cancer treatment, adds further complexity to the understanding of the net effect of hyaluronan-CD44 activation in cancers. In this review, I focus on the significance of CD44 in malignancy and discuss the dichotomous function of the hyaluronan/CD44 axis in cancer progression.
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Hyaluronic Acid; Precision Medicine; Antineoplastic Agents; Signal Transduction; Hyaluronan Receptors; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37958796
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115812 -
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Dec 2023Cancer is a major threat to the lives and health of people around the world, and the development of effective antitumor drugs that exhibit fewer toxic effects is an... (Review)
Review
Cancer is a major threat to the lives and health of people around the world, and the development of effective antitumor drugs that exhibit fewer toxic effects is an important aspect of cancer treatment. PARP inhibitors are antitumor drugs that target pathways involved in DNA-damage repair. The currently approved PARP inhibitors include olaparib, niraparib, rucaparib, talazoparib, fuzuloparib, and pamiparib. Hematological toxicities associated with the simultaneous inhibition of PARP-1 and PARP-2 have limited the clinical applications of these drugs. The present review introduces the necessity for research on the development of selective PARP-1 inhibitors from the perspective of structural and functional mechanisms of PARP-1 inhibition. A review of recently reported selective PARP-1 inhibitors provides the foundation for exploring novel strategies for designing selective PARP-1 inhibitors from the perspective of structure-activity relationships combined with computer simulations.
Topics: Humans; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents; DNA Repair; Neoplasms
PubMed: 38088333
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00865 -
Journal of Materials Chemistry. B Sep 2023Platinum (Pt) based nanoplatforms are biocompatible nanoagents with photothermal antitumor performance, while exhibiting excellent radiotherapy sensitization properties.... (Review)
Review
Platinum (Pt) based nanoplatforms are biocompatible nanoagents with photothermal antitumor performance, while exhibiting excellent radiotherapy sensitization properties. Pt-nanoplatforms have extensive research prospects in the realm of cancer treatment due to their highly selective and minimally invasive treatment mode with low damage, and integrated diagnosis and treatment with image monitoring and collaborative drug delivery. Platinum based anticancer chemotherapeutic drugs can kill tumor cells by damaging DNA through chemotherapy. Meanwhile, Pt-nanoplatforms also have good electrocatalytic activity, which can mediate novel electrodynamic therapy. Simultaneously, Pt(II) based compounds also have potential as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy for malignant tumors. Pt-nanoplatforms can also modulate the immunosuppressive environment and synergistically ablate tumor cells in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. This article reviews the research progress of platinum based nanoplatforms in new technologies for cancer therapy, starting from widely representative examples of platinum based nanoplatforms in chemotherapy, electrodynamic therapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and immunotherapy. Finally, multimodal imaging techniques of platinum based nanoplatforms for biomedical diagnosis are briefly discussed.
Topics: Humans; Platinum; Precision Medicine; Antineoplastic Agents; Neoplasms; Photochemotherapy
PubMed: 37581251
DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01035j