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Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official... Nov 2023
PubMed: 37931186
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.23.02128 -
Military Medicine Nov 2023We present a case report of a 49-year-old female with a history of ulcerative colitis who originally presented to the general surgery clinic after an incidental finding... (Review)
Review
We present a case report of a 49-year-old female with a history of ulcerative colitis who originally presented to the general surgery clinic after an incidental finding on computed tomography was concerning for a dilated, fluid-filled appendix. She ultimately underwent a laparoscopic appendectomy. The pathology returned consistent with early acute appendicitis, with endometrial tissue along the outer wall of the appendix. We then performed a literature review regarding appendiceal masses and the occurrence of endometriomas and/or endometriosis of the appendix. A PubMed search was performed using the key words of appendix and appendicitis and endometrioma. Specific articles were examined mentioning the occurrence of endometriomas of the appendix and isolated endometriosis of the appendix. Between 2% and 6% of cases of appendicitis present due to an appendiceal mass, usually an inflammatory phlegmon. A variety of other causes, including primary malignancy, secondary malignancy, and combinations of pathologies, may lead to the eventual removal of the appendix. Specifically, endometriosis of the appendix is reported in less than 1% of females on post-appendectomy pathologic analysis. Although specific symptoms may guide a provider, there are few distinguishing symptoms that would point a provider toward a different etiology, to include malignancy, for appendicitis. Further information is needed to determine when a patient has an increased risk for an underlying pathology when presenting with appendicitis. This information will help drive continued treatment and lead to improved screening for appendiceal masses.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Appendicitis; Endometriosis; Appendix; Appendectomy; Appendiceal Neoplasms
PubMed: 37364272
DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usad233 -
Indian Journal of Cancer Oct 2023Histopathological examination of appendectomy specimens may reveal malignancies. Based on these results, either appendectomy is sufficient or sometimes a further...
BACKGROUND
Histopathological examination of appendectomy specimens may reveal malignancies. Based on these results, either appendectomy is sufficient or sometimes a further treatment protocol can be needed. In this study, malignancy-diagnosed cases on appendectomy specimen were examined.
METHODS
Patients who underwent appendectomy between January 2013 and December 2018 with a pre-diagnosis of acute appendicitis were evaluated retrospectively and those cases with malignancy were included in the study. Patients' age, sex, tumor type, tumor diameter, tumor grade, tumor localization, surgical margin, Ki-67 index, state of lymphovascular invasion, state of peri-neural invasion, and follow-up period duration were recorded.
RESULTS
On examination of 2336 appendectomy specimens, 16 patients (0.7%) were found to have neuroendocrine tumors (NET), 11 patients (0.5%) were found to have low-grade mucinous neoplasm (LAMN), and five patients (0.2%) were found to have primary appendix carcinomas. Appendix tumors usually present with acute appendicitis symptoms. Despite re-operation with right hemicolectomy (RHC) being required in the treatment of adenocarcinoma cases, appendectomy provides adequate treatment in most cases with NET and LAMN. With these tumors, which usually have a benign prognosis, it is important to perform the necessary screening in the postoperative period and not to interrupt follow-up.
Topics: Humans; Appendiceal Neoplasms; Appendicitis; Retrospective Studies; Appendectomy; Neuroendocrine Tumors
PubMed: 38159212
DOI: 10.4103/ijc.IJC_450_20 -
Asian Journal of Surgery Apr 2024
Topics: Humans; Appendix
PubMed: 38148262
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.12.115 -
Molecular Neurobiology Nov 2023Three retrospective lymphoreticular tissue studies (Appendix I, II, and III) aimed to estimate the UK prevalence of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), following...
Conservation of vCJD Strain Properties After Extraction and In Vitro Propagation of PrP from Archived Formalin-Fixed Brain and Appendix Tissues Using Highly Sensitive Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification.
Three retrospective lymphoreticular tissue studies (Appendix I, II, and III) aimed to estimate the UK prevalence of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), following exposure of the population to the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) agent, in the late 1980s and 1990s. These studies evaluated the presence of abnormal prion protein aggregates, in archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) appendectomy samples, by immunohistochemical detection. Although there was concordance in the estimated prevalence of vCJD from these studies, the identification of positive specimens from pre- and post-BSE-exposure periods in Appendix III study has raised questions regarding the nature and origin of the detected abnormal prion protein. We applied a robust and novel approach in the extraction of disease-associated prion protein (PrP) present in frozen and FFPE samples of brain and appendix from a patient with pathologically confirmed vCJD. The extracted material was used to seed the highly sensitive protein misfolding cyclic amplification assay (hsPMCA) to investigate the in vitro and in vivo propagation properties of the extracted abnormal prion protein. We demonstrate that PrP can be successfully extracted from FFPE appendix tissue and propagated in vitro. Bioassay in wild-type and gene-targeted mouse models confirmed that the extracted and amplified product is infectious and retains strain properties consistent with vCJD. This provides a highly sensitive and reliable platform for subsequent analysis of the archived FFPE appendix tissue derived from the Appendix II and III surveys, to further evaluate the nature of the abnormal PrP detected in the positive samples.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Cattle; Humans; Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome; Prion Proteins; Retrospective Studies; Brain; Prions; Prion Diseases; Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform
PubMed: 37442858
DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03444-2 -
Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official... Apr 2024.
Endocrine and Targeted Therapy for Hormone Receptor-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer-Capivasertib-Fulvestrant: ASCO Rapid Recommendation Update.
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Topics: Female; Humans; Breast Neoplasms; Fulvestrant; Pyrimidines; Pyrroles; Receptor, ErbB-2; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
PubMed: 38478799
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.24.00248 -
Nature Communications Jan 2024The microbiome in a specific human organ has been well-studied, but few reports have investigated the multi-organ microbiome as a whole. Here, we aim to analyse the...
The microbiome in a specific human organ has been well-studied, but few reports have investigated the multi-organ microbiome as a whole. Here, we aim to analyse the intra-individual inter-organ and intra-organ microbiome in deceased humans. We collected 1608 samples from 53 sites of 7 surface organs (oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, appendix, large intestine and skin; n = 33 subjects) and performed microbiome profiling, including 16S full-length sequencing. Microbial diversity varied dramatically among organs, and core microbial species co-existed in different intra-individual organs. We deciphered microbial changes across distinct intra-organ sites, and identified signature microbes, their functional traits, and interactions specific to each site. We revealed significant microbial heterogeneity between paired mucosa-lumen samples of stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. Finally, we established the landscape of inter-organ relationships of microbes along the digestive tract. Therefore, we generate a catalogue of bacterial composition, diversity, interaction, functional traits, and bacterial translocation in human at inter-organ and intra-organ levels.
Topics: Humans; Bacterial Translocation; Stomach; Appendix; Microbiota; Mouth
PubMed: 38199995
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44720-6 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Dec 2023Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is the primary pattern of metastasis for primary tumours of the appendix, ovary, and peritoneal mesothelioma [...].
Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is the primary pattern of metastasis for primary tumours of the appendix, ovary, and peritoneal mesothelioma [...].
PubMed: 38137604
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247536 -
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology... May 2024To provide a contemporary approach to the understanding of the impact and methods for the diagnosis of endometriosis in Canada.
OBJECTIVE
To provide a contemporary approach to the understanding of the impact and methods for the diagnosis of endometriosis in Canada.
TARGET POPULATION
Individuals, families, communities, health care providers, and health care administrators who are affected by, care for patients with, or manage delivery of services for endometriosis.
OPTIONS
The diagnosis of endometriosis is facilitated by a detailed history, examination, and imaging tests with providers who are experienced in endometriosis care. Surgical evaluation with pathology confirms a diagnosis of endometriosis; however, it is not required for those whose diagnosis was confirmed with imaging.
OUTCOMES
There is a need to address earlier recognition of endometriosis to facilitate timely access to care and support. Education directed at the public, affected individuals and families, health care providers, and health care administrators are essential to reduce delays in diagnosis and treatment.
BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS
Increased awareness and education about the impact and approach to diagnosis may support timely access to care for patients and families affected by endometriosis. Earlier and appropriate care may support a reduced health care system burden; however, improved clinical evaluation may require initial investments.
EVIDENCE
Each section was reviewed with a unique search strategy representative of the evidence available in the literature related to the area of focus. The literature searches for each section of this guideline are listed in Appendix A and include information from published systematic reviews described in the text.
VALIDATION METHODS
The recommendations were developed following two rounds of review by a national expert panel through an iterative 2-year consensus process. Further details on the process are shared in Appendix B. The authors rated the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. See Appendix C (Table C1 for definitions and Table C2 for interpretations of strong and conditional recommendations).
INTENDED AUDIENCE
This guideline is intended to support health care providers and policymakers involved in the care of those impacted by endometriosis and the systems required to support them.
TWEETABLE ABSTRACT
Endometriosis impact and diagnosis updated guidelines for Canadian health care providers and policymakers.
SUMMARY STATEMENTS
RECOMMENDATIONS.
Topics: Endometriosis; Humans; Female; Canada
PubMed: 38555044
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2024.102450