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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Nov 2023Movement behaviours, such as sedentary behaviour (SB) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), are linked with multiple aspects of health and can be influenced... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Movement behaviours, such as sedentary behaviour (SB) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), are linked with multiple aspects of health and can be influenced by various pain-related psychological factors, such as fear of movement, pain catastrophising and self-efficacy for exercise. However, the relationships between these factors and postoperative SB and MVPA remain unclear in patients undergoing surgery for lumbar degenerative conditions. This study aimed to investigate the association between preoperative pain-related psychological factors and postoperative SB and MVPA in patients with low back pain (LBP) and degenerative disc disorder at 6 and 12 months after lumbar fusion surgery.
METHODS
Secondary data were collected from 118 patients (63 women and 55 men; mean age 46 years) who underwent lumbar fusion surgery in a randomised controlled trial. SB and MVPA were measured using the triaxial accelerometer ActiGraph GT3X+. Fear of movement, pain catastrophising and self-efficacy for exercise served as predictors. The association between these factors and the relative time spent in SB and MVPA 6 and 12 months after surgery was analysed via linear regression models, adjusting for potential confounders.
RESULTS
Preoperative fear of movement was significantly associated with relative time spent in SB at 6 and 12 months after surgery (β = 0.013, 95% confidence interval = 0.004 to 0.022, p = 0.007). Neither pain catastrophising nor self-efficacy for exercise showed significant associations with relative time spent in SB and MVPA at these time points.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study demonstrated that preoperative fear of movement was significantly associated with postoperative SB in patients with LBP and degenerative disc disorder. This finding underscores the potential benefits of preoperative screening for pain-related psychological factors, including fear of movement, preoperatively. Such screenings could aid in identifying patients who might benefit from targeted interventions to promote healthier postoperative movement behaviour and improved health outcomes.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Low Back Pain; Sedentary Behavior; Kinesiophobia; Spinal Diseases; Exercise
PubMed: 37950235
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06980-z -
Military Medical Research Nov 2023Degenerative musculoskeletal diseases are structural and functional failures of the musculoskeletal system, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, intervertebral disc... (Review)
Review
Degenerative musculoskeletal diseases are structural and functional failures of the musculoskeletal system, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), and sarcopenia. As the global population ages, degenerative musculoskeletal diseases are becoming more prevalent. However, the pathogenesis of degenerative musculoskeletal diseases is not fully understood. Previous studies have revealed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a stress response that occurs when impairment of the protein folding capacity of the ER leads to the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the ER, contributing to degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. By affecting cartilage degeneration, synovitis, meniscal lesion, subchondral bone remodeling of osteoarthritis, bone remodeling and angiogenesis of osteoporosis, nucleus pulposus degeneration, annulus fibrosus rupture, cartilaginous endplate degeneration of IVDD, and sarcopenia, ER stress is involved in the pathogenesis of degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. Preclinical studies have found that regulation of ER stress can delay the progression of multiple degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. These pilot studies provide foundations for further evaluation of the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of ER stress modulators in the treatment of musculoskeletal degenerative diseases in clinical trials. In this review, we have integrated up-to-date research findings of ER stress into the pathogenesis of degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. In a future perspective, we have also discussed possible directions of ER stress in the investigation of degenerative musculoskeletal disease, potential therapeutic strategies for degenerative musculoskeletal diseases using ER stress modulators, as well as underlying challenges and obstacles in bench-to-beside research.
Topics: Humans; Sarcopenia; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration; Osteoarthritis; Osteoporosis
PubMed: 37941072
DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00485-5 -
Alzheimer's & Dementia : the Journal of... Sep 2023N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) dysregulation is thought to contribute to impaired cognition and neurodegeneration in a variety of brain disorders. In a...
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) dysregulation is thought to contribute to impaired cognition and neurodegeneration in a variety of brain disorders. In a recent article, Zhong et al. proposed that deficiency of the NMDAR subunit GluN3A may be a primary pathogenic factor in sporadic Alzheimer´s disease (AD) based on evidence for degenerative excitotoxicity and cognitive impairment in aging mice lacking GluN3A. Because the result appeared to be at odds with earlier work where genetic GluN3A deletion enhanced learning in younger mice, we have now compared wild-type and GluN3A knockout mice at later life stages using a congenic mouse strain. Rather than age-dependent cognitive decline or neurodegeneration, we find that the enhanced performance of young adult GluN3A knockouts in memory tasks persists during aging. In sum, our analysis does not support the hypothesis that GluN3A loss underlies cognitive impairment in AD..
Topics: Mice; Animals; Mice, Knockout; Cognitive Dysfunction; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
PubMed: 37483152
DOI: 10.1002/alz.13375 -
Physics of Life Reviews Jul 2024Brain disorders are a series of conditions with damage or loss of neurons, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), or drug dependence. These... (Review)
Review
Brain disorders are a series of conditions with damage or loss of neurons, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), or drug dependence. These individuals have gradual deterioration of cognitive, motor, and other central nervous system functions affected. This degenerative trajectory is intricately associated with dysregulations in neurotransmitter systems. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging, employing radiopharmaceuticals and molecular imaging techniques, emerges as a crucial tool for detecting brain biomarkers. It offers invaluable insights for early diagnosis and distinguishing brain disorders. This article comprehensively reviews the application and progress of conventional and novel PET imaging agents in diagnosing brain disorders. Furthermore, it conducts a thorough analysis on merits and limitations. The article also provides a forward-looking perspective in the future development directions of PET imaging agents for diagnosing brain disorders and proposes potential innovative strategies. It aims to furnish clinicians and researchers with an all-encompassing overview of the latest advancements and forthcoming trends in the utilization of PET imaging for diagnosing brain disorders.
Topics: Humans; Positron-Emission Tomography; Brain; Nervous System Diseases; Radiopharmaceuticals; Animals
PubMed: 38574584
DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2024.03.007 -
Global Spine Journal Jun 2024Literature Review. (Review)
Review
STUDY DESIGN
Literature Review.
OBJECTIVE
Myelopathy affecting the thoracic spinal cord can arise secondary to several aetiologies which have similar presentation and management. Consequently, there are many uncertainties in this area, including optimal terminology and definitions. Recent collaborative cervical spinal research has led to the proposal and subsequent community adoption of the name , which has facilitated the establishment of internationally-agreed research priorities for DCM. We put forward the case for the introduction of the term and as an umbrella term for both and .
METHODS
Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search was performed to identify degenerative thoracic myelopathy literature in Embase and MEDLINE.
RESULTS
Conditions encompassed within DTM include thoracic spondylotic myelopathy, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, ossification of the ligamentum flavum, calcification of ligaments, hypertrophy of ligaments, degenerative disc disease, thoracic osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc herniation, and posterior osteophytosis. The classic presentation includes girdle pain, gait disturbance, leg weakness, sensory disturbance, and bladder or bowel dysfunction, often with associated back pain. Surgical management is typically favoured with post-surgical outcomes dependent on many factors, including the causative pathology, and presence of additional stenosis.
CONCLUSION
The clinical entities encompassed by the term DTM are interrelated, can manifest concurrently, and present similarly. Building on the consensus adoption of in the cervical spine and the recent proposal of , extending this common nomenclature framework to the terms and will help improve recognition and communication.
PubMed: 38146739
DOI: 10.1177/21925682231224768 -
Neural Regeneration Research Mar 2024Aging is a natural phenomenon characterized by a progressive decline in physiological integrity, leading to a deterioration of cognitive function and increasing the risk... (Review)
Review
Aging is a natural phenomenon characterized by a progressive decline in physiological integrity, leading to a deterioration of cognitive function and increasing the risk of suffering from chronic-degenerative diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, cancer, diabetes, and neurodegeneration. Aging is considered the major risk factor for Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease develops. Likewise, diabetes and insulin resistance constitute additional risk factors for developing neurodegenerative disorders. Currently, no treatment can effectively reverse these neurodegenerative pathologies. However, some antidiabetic drugs have opened the possibility of being used against neurodegenerative processes. In the previous framework, Vanadium species have demonstrated a notable antidiabetic effect. Our research group evaluated polyoxidovanadates such as decavanadate and metforminium-decavanadate with preventive and corrective activity on neurodegeneration in brain-specific areas from rats with metabolic syndrome. The results suggest that these polyoxidovanadates induce neuronal and cognitive restoration mechanisms. This review aims to describe the therapeutic potential of polyoxidovanadates as insulin-enhancer agents in the brain, constituting a therapeutic alternative for aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
PubMed: 37721286
DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.380877 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Aug 2023
Topics: Humans; Retinal Degeneration; Retina
PubMed: 37530257
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_1683_23 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2023Degenerative bone disorders such as intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), osteoarthritis (OA), and osteoporosis (OP) pose significant health challenges for aging... (Review)
Review
Degenerative bone disorders such as intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), osteoarthritis (OA), and osteoporosis (OP) pose significant health challenges for aging populations and lack effective treatment options. The field of regenerative medicine holds promise in addressing these disorders, with a focus on utilizing extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem cells as an innovative therapeutic approach. EVs have shown great potential in stimulating biological responses, making them an attractive candidate for rejuvenating degenerative bone disorders. However, a comprehensive review summarizing the current state of this field and providing a clear assessment of EV-based therapies in degenerative bone disorders is currently deficient. In this review, we aim to fill the existing gap by outlining the current knowledge on the role of EVs derived from different types of stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells, in bone regeneration. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic potential of EV-based treatments for IVDD, OA, and OP. By substantiating the use of stem cell-derived EVs, we highlight their promising potential as a cell-free strategy to improve degenerative bone disorders.
Topics: Humans; Stem Cells; Extracellular Vesicles; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Osteoarthritis; Bone and Bones; Osteoporosis; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
PubMed: 37795043
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S424731 -
Experimental Eye Research Sep 2023Abnormal vasculature in the retina, specifically tortuous vessels and capillary degeneration, is common in many of the most prevalent retinal degenerative diseases,...
Abnormal vasculature in the retina, specifically tortuous vessels and capillary degeneration, is common in many of the most prevalent retinal degenerative diseases, currently affecting millions of people across the world. However, the formation and development of abnormal vasculature in the context of retinal degenerative diseases are still poorly understood. The FVB/N (rd1) and rd10 mice are well-studied animal models of retinal degenerative diseases, but how photoreceptor degeneration leads to vascular abnormality in the diseases remains to be elucidated. Here, we used advancements in confocal microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and image analysis software to systematically characterize the pathological vasculature in the FVB/N (rd1) and rd10 mice, known as a chronic, rapid and slower retinal degenerative model, respectively. We demonstrated that there was plexus-specific vascular degeneration in the retinal trilaminar vascular network paralleled to photoreceptor degeneration in the diseased retinas. We also quantitatively analyzed the vascular structural architecture in the wild-type and diseased retinas to provide valuable information on vascular remodeling in retinal degenerative disease.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Vascular Remodeling; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Retina; Photoreceptor Cells; Retinal Degeneration; Disease Models, Animal; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate
PubMed: 37423458
DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109566