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Heliyon Jan 2024As implantable materials, titanium, and its alloys have garnered enormous interest from researchers for dental and orthopedic procedures. Despite their success in wide... (Review)
Review
As implantable materials, titanium, and its alloys have garnered enormous interest from researchers for dental and orthopedic procedures. Despite their success in wide clinical applications, titanium, and its alloys fail to stimulate osteogenesis, resulting in poor bonding strength with surrounding bone tissue. Optimizing the surface topology and altered compositions of titanium and titanium-based alloys substantially promotes peri-implant bone regeneration. This review summarizes the utilization and importance of various osteogenesis components loaded onto titanium and its alloys. Further, different surface-modification methods and the release efficacy of loaded substances are emphasized. Finally, we summarize the article with prospects. We believe that further investigation studies must focus on identifying novel loading components, exploring various innovative, optimized surface-modification methods, and developing a sustained-release system on implant surfaces to improve peri-implant bone formation.
PubMed: 38223705
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23779 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2023Due to the expansion of the use of powder bed fusion metal additive technologies in the medical field, especially for the realization of dental prostheses, in this...
Due to the expansion of the use of powder bed fusion metal additive technologies in the medical field, especially for the realization of dental prostheses, in this paper, the authors propose a comparative experimental study of the mechanical characteristics and the state of their microscale surfaces. The comparison was made from material considerations starting from two dental alloys commonly used to realize dental prostheses: Ni-Cr and Co-Cr, but also technologies for obtaining selective laser melting (SLM) and conventional casting. In addition, to compare the performances with the classical casting technology, for the dental prostheses obtained through SLM, the post-processing stage in which they are in a preliminary finishing and polished state was considered. Therefore, for the determination of important mechanical characteristics and the comparative study of dental prostheses, the indentation test was used, after which the hardness, penetration depths (maximum, permanent, and contact depth), contact stiffness, and contact surface were established, and for the determination of the microtopography of the surfaces, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used, obtaining the local areal roughness parameters at the miniaturized scale-surface average roughness, root-mean-square roughness (RMS), and peak-to-peak values. Following the research carried out, several interesting conclusions were drawn, and the superiority of the SLM technology over the classic casting method for the production of dental prostheses in terms of some mechanical properties was highlighted. At the same time, the degree of finishing of dental prostheses made by SLM has a significant impact on the mechanical characteristics and especially the local roughness parameters on a miniaturized scale, and if we consider the same degree of finishing, no major differences are observed in the roughness parameters of the surfaces of the prostheses produced by different technologies.
PubMed: 37763418
DOI: 10.3390/ma16186141 -
Journal of Dentistry Aug 2023To systematically assess aspects of teaching of posterior composite restorations (PCRs) in permanent teeth in dental schools. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
To systematically assess aspects of teaching of posterior composite restorations (PCRs) in permanent teeth in dental schools.
STUDY SELECTION
Quantitative studies reporting on dental schools' teaching regarding the placement of PCRs in permanent teeth. Random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions were performed. Risk of bias was assessed based on the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI).
SOURCES
Electronic databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE via Ovid, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched in January 2023.
DATA
Forty sources reporting on 34 studies having surveyed 1,286 dental schools were included. Overall, 92.7% (95%-CI: 88.2-95.5) of dental schools reported to teach PCRs. PCRs in three-surface Class II cavities are taught by 82.0% (95%-CI: 70.4-89.7). The mandatory use of liners in deep cavities is taught by 78.3% (95%-CI: 68.9-85.5), and 44.0% (95%-CI: 34.3-54.2) reported to teach bulk-fill composites. While most posterior restorations placed by students were composites (56.1%; 95%-CI: 46.0-65.8), 94.7% (95%-CI: 86.6-98.0) of dental schools (still) teach posterior amalgam restorations. The proportion of dental schools teaching PCRs in three-surface Class II cavities increased and the mean proportion of PCRs among all posterior restorations increased over time (p≤0.003).
CONCLUSIONS
The teaching of PCRs in dental schools around the world reflects the increased use of resin composite in clinical practice, with students in countries where dental amalgam continues to be used, placing more posterior composites than restorations of dental amalgam. The teaching of PCRs, which is anticipated to increase, will continue to be refined with further developments in adhesive materials, devices, instrumentation, and techniques.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Graduating dentists can be expected to be familiar with the use of resin composites for the restoration of posterior teeth.
Topics: Humans; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dental Amalgam; Dental Cavity Preparation; Composite Resins; Dental Caries; Students; Teaching
PubMed: 37336355
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104589 -
ACS Applied Bio Materials Nov 2023In spite of the biocompatible, nontoxic, and radiolucent properties of polyetheretherketone (PEEK), its biologically inert surface compromises its use in dental,...
In spite of the biocompatible, nontoxic, and radiolucent properties of polyetheretherketone (PEEK), its biologically inert surface compromises its use in dental, orthopedic, and spine fusion industries. Many efforts have been made to improve the biological performance of PEEK implants, from bioactive coatings to composites using titanium alloys or hydroxyapatite and changing the surface properties by chemical and physical methods. Directed plasma nanosynthesis (DPNS) is an atomic-scale nanomanufacturing technique that changes the surface topography and chemistry of solids via low-energy ion bombardment. In this study, PEEK samples were nanopatterned by using argon ion irradiation by DPNS to yield active nanoporous biomaterial surface. PEEK surfaces modified with two doses of low and high fluence, corresponding to 1.0 × 10 and 1.0 × 10 ions/cm, presented pore sizes of 15-25 and 60-90 nm, respectively, leaving exposed PEEK fibers and an increment of roughness of nearly 8 nm. The pores per unit area were closely related for high fluence PEEK and low fluence PEEK surfaces, with 129.11 and 151.72 pore/μm, respectively. The contact angle significantly decreases in hydrophobicity-hydrophilicity tests for the irradiated PEEK surface to ∼46° from a control PEEK value of ∼74°. These super hydrophilic substrates had 1.6 times lower contact angle compared to the control sample revealing a rough surface of 20.5 nm only at higher fluences when compared to control and low fluences of 12.16 and 14.03 nm, respectively. These super hydrophilic surfaces in both cases reached higher cell viability with ∼13 and 34% increase, respectively, compared to unmodified PEEK, with an increased expression of alkaline phosphatase at 7 days on higher fluences establishing a higher affinity for preosteblasts with increased cellular activity, thus revealing successful and improved integration with the implant material, which can potentially be used in bone tissue engineering.
Topics: Nanopores; Alkaline Phosphatase; Alloys; Ions; Ketones
PubMed: 37932955
DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00642 -
Success and complication rates of non-precious alloy telescopic crowns in a general dental practice.Clinical Oral Investigations Dec 2023This retrospective, single-center, practice-based cohort study aimed to analyze factors associated with the success of removable partial dentures retained by telescopic...
OBJECTIVES
This retrospective, single-center, practice-based cohort study aimed to analyze factors associated with the success of removable partial dentures retained by telescopic crowns (TRPD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
TRPD which were placed in a single practice of a practice-based research network were analyzed. Data from 139 patients (age (SD): 66 (11) years; 66 female) with 174 TRPD including 488 non-precious alloy telescopic crowns (TC) between 2004 and 2016 were included. TC without any technical complication were considered as successful, and as survived, if they were still in function at the last check-up. Multilevel Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between clinical factors and time until failure.
RESULTS
Within a mean follow-up period (SD) of 4.2 (3.3) years (min-max: 1 day-12 years), 372 (76%) TC (AFR: 5.0%) as well as 136 (87%) TRPD (AFR: 5.1%) ("worst-case scenario") and 150 (86%) TRPD (AFR: 3.4%) ("best-case scenario") were considered as successful. The main failure types were recementation (n = 39), endodontic treatment (n = 36), and extraction (n = 35). TC in male patients showed 1.6 times higher risk for failure than in female patients (95%CI: 1.1-2.4; p = 0.023). TC on premolars showed 2.2 times higher risk for failure than on incisors (95%CI: 1.1-5.0; p = 0.023) and TC in dentures with ≤ 3TC showed 2.1 times higher risk for failure than TC in dentures with > 3TC (1.3-3.4; p = 0.042). Furthermore, TC on the most distal tooth in an arch showed 2.4 times higher risk for failure than TC on a more mesial tooth (1.5-3.8; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
For removable partial dentures retained by telescopic crowns, high success rates could be found after up to 12 years. Patient-level and tooth-level factors were significantly associated with failure.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
For removable partial dentures retained by telescopic crowns, high success rates could be found after up to 12 years. Patient-level and tooth-level factors were significantly associated with failure.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Retrospective Studies; Alloys; Cohort Studies; Crowns; Denture, Partial, Removable; Dental Abutments; Dental Restoration Failure; Dental Prosthesis Design
PubMed: 37910235
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05350-2 -
Cureus May 2024Dental implantology is continually evolving in its quest to discover new biomaterials to improve dental implant success rates. The study explored the potential of...
BACKGROUND
Dental implantology is continually evolving in its quest to discover new biomaterials to improve dental implant success rates. The study explored the potential of innovative biomaterials for dental implant surfaces, including titanium-zirconium (Ti-Zr) alloy, hydroxyapatite-coated titanium (HA-Ti), and porous polyetheretherketone (PEEK), in comparison to conventional commercially pure titanium (CP Ti).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 186 samples were harvested for the analysis. Biomaterials were thoroughly evaluated in terms of surface topography, chemical composition, biocompatibility, mechanical properties, osseointegration performance, and bacterial adhesion. Study methods and techniques included scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), cell culture variants, tensile tests, hardness measurements, histological analysis, and microbiological testing.
RESULTS
Surface topography examination showed significant disparities between the biomaterials: Ti-Zr had a better roughness of 1.23 μm, while HA-Ti demonstrated a smoother surface at 0.98 μm. Chemical composition evaluation indicated the presence of a Ti-Zr alloy in Ti-Zr, calcium-phosphorus richness in HA-Ti, and high titanium amounts in CP Ti. The mechanical properties assessment showed that Ti-Zr and CP Ti had good tensile strengths of 750 MPa and 320 HV. In addition, bacterial adhesion tests showed low propensities for Ti-Zr and HA-Ti at 1200 and 800 cfu/cm, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Ti-Zr and HA-Ti performed better than the other biomaterials in surface topography and mechanical properties and against bacterial adhesion. This study emphasizes that multi-parameter analysis is critical for clinical decision-making, allowing for the selection of the currently available biomaterial, which could be conducive to the long-term success of the implant.
PubMed: 38933613
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61175 -
Dental Materials Journal Aug 2023Adhesion of the most common dental biofilm bacteria to alloys used in orthodontics in relation to surface characteristics was analyzed. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans),...
Adhesion of the most common dental biofilm bacteria to alloys used in orthodontics in relation to surface characteristics was analyzed. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Streptococcus oralis (S. oralis), Veillonella parvula (V. parvula), and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actynomicetemcomitans) were incubated for 4 h with nickel-titanium (NiTi) and stainless-steel (SS) wires. The surface roughness and free energy of the alloys, as well as the hydrophobicity of the alloys and bacteria, were assessed. NiTi had higher surface free energy and rougher (p<0.001) and more hydrophilic surfaces than SS (p<0.001). The hydrophobic properties of the bacteria decreased in the following order: V. parvula>S. oralis>S. mutans>A. actynomicetemcomitans. Bacterial adhesion generally increased over time, though this pattern was influenced by the type of alloy and the bacteria present (p<0.001). In a multiple linear regression, the principal predictor of adhesion was bacterial hydrophobicity (p<0.001), followed by time (p<0.001); alloy surface characteristics had a low influence.
Topics: Dental Alloys; Orthodontic Wires; Surface Properties; Orthodontic Appliances; Alloys; Streptococcus mutans; Titanium; Stainless Steel
PubMed: 37271541
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-235 -
British Dental Journal Feb 2024
Topics: Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentistry, Operative; Dental Amalgam; Teaching
PubMed: 38332058
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7089-1 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... May 2024To investigate the impact of the restoration of non-bracket invisible orthodontic titanium alloy implant on individuals with dental malocclusion and arch deficiency...
The Impact of the Restoration of Invisible Orthodontic Titanium Alloy Implant Without Bracket on Individuals Afflicted with Dental Malocclusion and Arch Deficiency Accompanied by Periodontitis and a Local Periodontal Inflammation.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the impact of the restoration of non-bracket invisible orthodontic titanium alloy implant on individuals with dental malocclusion and arch deficiency accompanied by periodontitis and local periodontal Inflammation.
METHOD
A cohort of 120 patients presenting with dental malocclusion and defects compounded by periodontitis, were treated at our institution between January 2021 and January 2022; these patients were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial.. These patients were allocated into two groups. The control group (comprising 60 cases) underwent titanium alloy implant restoration, while the research group (also with 60 cases) received titanium alloy implant restoration following invisible orthodontic treatment without brackets. A one-year post-treatment follow-up was conducted, during which various parameters, including pain levels, aesthetic improvement, inflammatory response, dental function, oral hygiene, and the incidence of adverse events, were evaluated and compared before and after treatment between the two groups.
RESULTS
After six months of treatment, the visual analog scale (VAS) in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P < .05). After 6 months of treatment, the research team observed the changes in gingival crevicular interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleuckin-1 (IL-1), plaque index (PLI), and soft dirt index (DI) were all lower than those in the control group (P < .05). After 6 months of treatment, the research group had higher scores for tooth functions such as chewing, swallowing, speech expression, and occlusion than the control group, as well as higher pink and white aesthetics indexes (P < .05). The difference in the incidence rate of adverse outcomes between the research and control group was not distinct (P > .05).
CONCLUSION
In case of dental malocclusion accompanied by periodontal disease, the utilization of titanium implants for rectifying dental arch deformities without the use of orthodontic brackets, devoid of orthodontic brackets, has demonstrated notable efficacy in alleviating patients' periodontal discomfort, their oral hygiene, and dental functionality. This modality is conducive to augmenting dental aesthetics without incurring heightened rates of unfavorable consequences, thereby enhancing treatment outcomes.
PubMed: 38702170
DOI: No ID Found -
Natural Product Research Apr 2024A phytochemical investigation of L.C.Xu ex X.W.Zheng afforded two novel polyacetylenes, tridecane-2-monoene-4,6,8-triyntylen-1,13-diol-12---glucoside () and...
A phytochemical investigation of L.C.Xu ex X.W.Zheng afforded two novel polyacetylenes, tridecane-2-monoene-4,6,8-triyntylen-1,13-diol-12---glucoside () and tetradecane-2,8-diene-4,6-diyne-1,14-diol-13---glucoside (), together with ten known compounds (). Their chemical structures were elucidated by NMR and MS spectrums as well as the comparison of the published data. Furthermore, the chemotaxonomy of the yielded compounds was also discussed.
Topics: Plant Extracts; Polyynes; Dental Porcelain; Glucosides; Glycosides; Molecular Structure; Titanium; Metal Ceramic Alloys
PubMed: 36255124
DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2134864