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Journal of Esthetic and Restorative... Oct 2023Currently, a classification of resin cements that includes relatively recently formulated ("universal") cements is lacking. Furthermore, the terminology used to define... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Currently, a classification of resin cements that includes relatively recently formulated ("universal") cements is lacking. Furthermore, the terminology used to define different resin cements in the scientific reports is inconsistent. Accordingly, this work aims to: (i) propose a novel classification of resin composite cements; (ii) disambiguate the term "universal cements" and (iii) present an overview of the properties of these cements.
METHODS
An analysis of peer-reviewed literature (PubMed search), as well as market research on definitive resin composite cements were performed.
RESULTS
A tendency toward simplified and versatile luting materials was observed both in the scientific literature and on the dental market with the advent of self-adhesive/one-step resin cements. However, additional priming procedures were necessary to improve their bonding performance in certain clinical situations. Hence, several cements that can be applied both in adhesive and self-adhesive mode were introduced. These cements are associated with a universal adhesive resin, that can be used as a tooth and/or restorative material primer, without the need for other priming systems, regardless of the substrate. These systems should be considered truly universal. Therefore, we hereby suggested a new classification of resin-based cements: (1) adhesive/multi-step; (2) self-adhesive/one-step; (3) universal cements (one- or multi-step). Despite promising in vitro results, clinical trials and long-track laboratory studies are necessary to confirm the reliability of the universal cements.
CONCLUSIONS
This review presented the current advances in the field of resin-based cements, which are reflected in the proposed classification. The term "universal cement" was disambiguated, which will help standardize the terminology used in published research.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The classification of resin-based cements and a better understanding of the proper terminology will help standardize the terminology in published research, as well as improve the understanding of the clinical practitioners of the different indications and possible modalities of use of the available cements.
Topics: Resin Cements; Reproducibility of Results; Dental Bonding; Materials Testing; Composite Resins; Dental Cements; Surface Properties
PubMed: 36924395
DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13036 -
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative... Feb 2024To assess and compare, through a systematic review of the literature, the biomechanical performance of endocrowns and traditional core-crowns (with and without... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To assess and compare, through a systematic review of the literature, the biomechanical performance of endocrowns and traditional core-crowns (with and without intracanal post) for the rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth with severe coronal structure damage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. In-vitro studies comparing endocrowns with (post-)core-crown restorations were selected and screened by two independent reviewers. The included studies were submitted to the risk of bias analysis using the RoBDEMAT tool and the biomechanical outcomes were collected for qualitative analysis. The extracted data were presented based on comparative analyses among the included studies.
RESULTS
Thirty-one studies were included: 9 studies evaluated restorations of molars, 14 for premolars, and 8 studies evaluated anterior restorations. For the majority of the studies, endocrowns showed either similar or greater survival rates under fatigue and monotonic load than (post-)core-crown restorations, irrespectively of the tooth. The endocrowns showed more favorable failure patterns than (post-)core-crowns, irrespectively of the tooth. Endocrowns produced lower stresses in the restorative material for molars and premolars and in the luting material for premolars than (post-)core-crown restorations. The included studies presented adequate information for most items of the RoBDEMAT risk of bias tool.
CONCLUSION
Endocrowns showed similar or greater biomechanical performance than the traditional (post-)core-crown restorations in most of the evaluated studies.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
This systematic review showed that endocrowns present either similar or greater biomechanical performance than core-crown restorations for anterior and posterior endodontically treated teeth with severe structural damage.
Topics: Humans; Crowns; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration Failure; Dental Stress Analysis; Materials Testing; Tooth, Nonvital; Prosthodontics
PubMed: 37571973
DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13119 -
L' Orthodontie Francaise Nov 2023The precise diagnosis of dental structural anomalies is an essential step preceding our restorative and orthodontic therapies. Indeed, first of all, it is necessary to...
INTRODUCTION
The precise diagnosis of dental structural anomalies is an essential step preceding our restorative and orthodontic therapies. Indeed, first of all, it is necessary to identify the type of structural anomaly and to determine if it is an isolated or a syndromic form: the dental anomaly could be included in a more complex clinical picture combining other clinical signs. Moreover, the establishment of the diagnosis will allow the practitioner to adapt his clinical protocol according to the observed dental structure anomaly. The choice of the bonding material, the type of preparation (no prep, prep less, complete eviction), and the application of a deproteinization protocol with sodium hypochlorite depend to the structural defect.
MATERIAL AND METHOD
The diagnosis of dental structural anomalies is based on several key points described in this article in order to facilitate the practitioner's diagnostic approach.
CONCLUSION
The diagnosis of amelogenesis or dentinogenesis imperfecta should justify the search for other signs to determine whether the anomaly of tooth structure is isolated or syndromic.
Topics: Humans; Amelogenesis; Dental Materials; Sodium Hypochlorite
PubMed: 37930342
DOI: 10.1684/orthodfr.2023.134 -
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative... Jan 2024The purpose of this review was to provide dental professionals with information regarding the various types of zirconia restorations, their mechanical and optical... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this review was to provide dental professionals with information regarding the various types of zirconia restorations, their mechanical and optical properties, tooth preparation design, and bonding protocol in an effort to enhance the longevity and durability of zirconia restorations.
OVERVIEW
The yttria content of zirconia ceramics determines their classification. The mechanical and optical properties of each type are discussed, with an emphasis on the effect of yttria concentration on the properties of zirconia. The processing and sintering methods are also discussed as they have a direct impact on the properties of zirconia. The design of tooth preparation, specifically occlusal reduction, varies depending on the type of zirconia used in each case. Finally, a protocol for zirconia restoration bonding is described to ensure optimal bonding to the tooth structure.
CONCLUSION
Not all zirconia restorations are the same. The selection of zirconia type based on yttria concentration, processing and sintering methods, tooth preparation design, and adherence to the bonding protocol are all critical to the success and longevity of zirconia restorations.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Zirconia restorations are the most commonly used indirect restorative material. The selection of the most appropriate zirconia type based on its yttria content, which determines its strength and translucency, is critical to the success and the longevity of the restoration. Tooth preparation design also influences the strength and translucency of the zirconia. Air-borne particle abrasion, followed by a ceramic primer and resin cement, can ensure a durable bond to the tooth structure.
Topics: Dental Bonding; Dental Stress Analysis; Ceramics; Zirconium; Resin Cements; Tooth Preparation; Surface Properties; Materials Testing; Yttrium
PubMed: 37840220
DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13151 -
The British Journal of Dermatology May 2024
Topics: Humans; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Female; Male; Adult; Middle Aged; Dental Materials; Patch Tests; Aged
PubMed: 38758061
DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljae160 -
Journal of Dental Research Oct 2023Despite its reputation as the most widely used restorative dental material currently, resin-based materials have acknowledged shortcomings. As most systematic survival... (Review)
Review
Despite its reputation as the most widely used restorative dental material currently, resin-based materials have acknowledged shortcomings. As most systematic survival studies of resin composites and dental adhesives indicate, secondary caries is the foremost reason for resin-based restoration failure and life span reduction. In subjects with high caries risk, the microbial community dominated by acidogenic and acid-tolerant bacteria triggers acid-induced deterioration of the bonding interface and/or bulk material and mineral loss around the restorations. In addition, resin-based materials undergo biodegradation in the oral cavity. As a result, the past decades have seen exponential growth in developing restorative dental materials for antimicrobial applications addressing secondary caries prevention and progression. Currently, the main challenge of bioactive resin development is the identification of efficient and safe anticaries agents that are detrimental free to final material properties and show satisfactory long-term performance and favorable clinical translation. This review centers on the continuous efforts to formulate novel bioactive resins employing 1 or multiple agents to enhance the antibiofilm efficacy or achieve multiple functionalities, such as remineralization and antimicrobial activity antidegradation. We present a comprehensive synthesis of the constraints and challenges encountered in the formulation process, the clinical performance-related prerequisites, the materials' intended applicability, and the current advancements in clinical implementation. Moreover, we identify crucial vulnerabilities that arise during the development of dental materials, including particle aggregation, alterations in color, susceptibility to hydrolysis, and loss of physicomechanical core properties of the targeted materials.
Topics: Humans; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dental Materials; Composite Resins; Dental Caries; Dentistry; Anti-Infective Agents
PubMed: 37555431
DOI: 10.1177/00220345231182357 -
BMC Oral Health Aug 2023Large cavity designs and access cavities impair endodontically treated tooth fracture resistance. As the tooth's strength is known to reduce significantly after the root...
BACKGROUND
Large cavity designs and access cavities impair endodontically treated tooth fracture resistance. As the tooth's strength is known to reduce significantly after the root canal treatment, occlusal loading as a result of functions such as chewing, biting and certain parafunctional tendencies makes the endodontically treated tooth vulnerable to fracture. Hence, after endodontic treatment, it is vital to give adequate and appropriate restorative material to avoid tooth fractures. Accordingly, the choice of such restorative material should be dictated by the property of fracture resistance.
OBJECTIVE
The goal of this study was to conduct a systematic review and critical analysis of available data from in vitro studies examining the fracture resistance of endodontically treated posterior teeth restored with fiber-reinforced composites.
METHODOLOGY
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRIS-MA) Statement was used to guide the reporting of this systematic review A comprehensive literature search was performed using MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and LILACS. A manual search of the reference lists of the articles was also performed. The databases provided a total of 796 studies from the electronic systematic search. The databases provided a total of 796 studies from the electronic systematic search. Two reviewers scrutinized the papers for eligibility based on inclusion/exclusion criteria and extracted data. The studies were assessed for their potential risk of bias. Based on modified JBI & CRIS (checklist for reporting in vitro studies) guidelines, along with the methodology and treatment objective, we have formulated 13 parameters specifically to assess the risk of bias. A total of 18 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included for qualitative analysis. Considering the high heterogeneity of the studies included, a meta-analysis could not be performed.
RESULTS
The majority of the included studies had a moderate or high risk of bias. When compared to traditional hybrid composites, fiber-reinforced composites showed increased fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth in the majority of investigations. On the other hand, limited evidence was found for the bulk fill composites. Moreover, moderate evidence was found for the fracture resistance of inlays and fiber posts with fiber-reinforced composites for core build-up in endodontically treated teeth. No evidence could be found comparing the fracture resistance of endo crowns and fiber-reinforced composites in endodontically treated teeth.
CONCLUSION
According to the research, using fiber-reinforced composites instead of conventional hybrid composites improves the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. However, there was a high risk of bias in the research considered. No judgments could be reached about the superiority of one material over another based-on comparisons between other core restorations.
Topics: Humans; Tooth, Nonvital; Dental Materials; Crowns; Tooth Fractures; Composite Resins; Dental Stress Analysis
PubMed: 37574536
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03217-2 -
Dental Materials : Official Publication... May 2024Lithium silicate-based glass ceramics have evolved as a paramount restorative material in restorative and prosthetic dentistry, exhibiting outstanding esthetic and... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Lithium silicate-based glass ceramics have evolved as a paramount restorative material in restorative and prosthetic dentistry, exhibiting outstanding esthetic and mechanical performance. Along with subtractive machining techniques, this material class has conquered the market and satisfied the patients' needs for a long-lasting, excellent, and metal-free alternative for single tooth replacements and even smaller bridgework. Despite the popularity, not much is known about the material chemistry, microstructure and terminal behaviour.
METHODS
This article combines a set of own experimental data with extensive review of data from literature and other resources. Starting at manufacturer claims on unique selling propositions, properties, and microstructural features, the aim is to validate those claims, based on glass science. Deep knowledge is mandatory for understanding the microstructure evolution during the glass ceramic process.
RESULTS
Fundamental glass characteristics have been addressed, leading to formation of time-temperature-transformation (TTT) diagrams, which are the basis for kinetic description of the glass ceramic process. Nucleation and crystallization kinetics are outlined in this contribution as well as analytical methods to describe the crystalline fraction and composition qualitatively and quantitatively. In relation to microstructure, the mechanical performance of lithium silicate-based glass ceramics has been investigated with focus on fracture strength versus fracture toughness as relevant clinical predictors.
CONCLUSION
Fracture toughness has been found to be a stronger link to initially outlined manufacturer claims, and to more precisely match ISO recommendations for clinical indications.
Topics: Ceramics; Silicates; Materials Testing; Glass; Surface Properties; Dental Materials; Crystallization; Lithium Compounds; Dental Porcelain
PubMed: 38580561
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.03.006 -
The British Journal of Dermatology May 2024Concerns regarding contact allergies and intolerance reactions to dental materials are widespread among patients. Development of novel dental materials and less frequent...
BACKGROUND
Concerns regarding contact allergies and intolerance reactions to dental materials are widespread among patients. Development of novel dental materials and less frequent amalgam use may alter sensitization profiles in patients with possible contact allergy.
OBJECTIVES
To analyse current sensitization patterns to dental materials in patients with suspected contact allergy.
METHODS
This retrospective, multicentre analysis from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) selected participants from 169 834 people tested in 2005-2019 and registered with (i) an affected area of 'mouth' (and 'lips'/'perioral'), (ii) with the dental material in question belonging to one of three groups (dental filling materials, oral implants or dentures or equivalents) and (iii) with patch-testing done in parallel with the German baseline series, (dental) metal series and dental technician series.
RESULTS
A total of 2730 of 169 834 tested patients met the inclusion criteria. The patients were predominantly women (81.2%) aged ≥ 40 years (92.8%). The sensitization rates with confirmed allergic contact stomatitis in women (n = 444) were highest for metals (nickel 28.6%, palladium 21.4%, amalgam 10.9%), (meth)acrylates [2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) 4.8%] and the substances propolis (6.8%) and 'balsam of Peru' (11.4%). The most relevant acrylates were HEMA, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and pentaerythritol triacrylate. Few men were diagnosed with allergic contact stomatitis (n = 68); sensitization rates in men were highest for propolis (14.9%) and amalgam (13.6%).
CONCLUSIONS
Allergic contact stomatitis to dental materials is rare. Patch testing should not only focus on metals such as nickel, palladium, amalgam and gold, but also (meth)acrylates and the natural substances propolis and 'balsam of Peru'.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Retrospective Studies; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Adult; Middle Aged; Dental Materials; Patch Tests; Dental Amalgam; Aged; Adolescent; Young Adult; Child; Methacrylates; Balsams; Dental Implants; Stomatitis; Propolis; Dentures; Germany; Allergens; Child, Preschool
PubMed: 38123140
DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljad525 -
Dental Materials : Official Publication... May 2024Functionally graded materials (FGM) with indistinct boundaries potentially eliminate the damaging stresses occurring at the interfaces. FGM applications in dental... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Functionally graded materials (FGM) with indistinct boundaries potentially eliminate the damaging stresses occurring at the interfaces. FGM applications in dental ceramics have enhanced their fatigue resistance and interfacial toughness.
OBJECTIVES
This scoping review aims to map graded designs in dental ceramics, distinguish their methodological approaches with their material characteristics and properties, and understand the factors affecting the outcomes of each of the graded approaches.
METHODS
A systematic electronic search was performed with the databases MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, and Google Scholar along with a manual search.
RESULTS
About 2675 articles were initially found from all the searches with no date restriction till July 2023. After rejecting duplicates and based on exclusion criteria, about 52 articles were included.
SIGNIFICANCE
Methodological approaches in grading such as glass-infiltration and silica-infiltration have been investigated on pre-sintered zirconia. The type of infiltration and the method of infiltrate application significantly influenced the phase transformation of zirconia, its microstructure, surface hardness, fracture toughness, flexural strength, wear, and fatigue strength of graded dental zirconia. Interlayers were accommodated between metal-ceramic and veneer-core all-ceramic layers. Fractions of zirconia-porcelain and alumina-porcelain showed high bending strength and better stress distribution. The results of finite element analysis studies predicted that using 10-layered graded layers reduced the stresses at the crown-cement-dentin interface.
Topics: Ceramics; Materials Testing; Zirconium; Surface Properties; Dental Materials; Humans; Dental Stress Analysis; Hardness; Dental Porcelain; Flexural Strength
PubMed: 38438282
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.02.016