-
Pediatric Dentistry Nov 2023To assess the prevalence and severity of and describe dental anomalies in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) under recent Dana-Farber Cancer...
To assess the prevalence and severity of and describe dental anomalies in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) under recent Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) protocols. Patients aged between 14 and 25 years old having received a diag- nosis of ALL before the age of 11 years and after September 2000 received clinical and radiographic oral examinations. Dental anomalies were observed in 26 (51.0 percent) of 51 subjects. Microdontia was the most prevalent dental defect (39.2 percent). Impacted permanent second molars were observed in five (9.8 percent) patients. Being age five years or younger at diagnosis significantly increased the prevalence and severity of dental anomalies (P<0.001). Recent DFCI protocols showed a decreased prevalence of dental disturbances. The anomalies observed may still alter the development of the dental arches and occlusion in pediatric ALL survivors. Further research is needed to confirm the association between ALL treatment and permanent second molar impaction.
Topics: Child; Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Prevalence; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Tooth Abnormalities; Tooth, Impacted; Molar
PubMed: 38129756
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Oral Health Jan 2024This study mapped definitions of shortened dental configurations and health outcomes employed in association studies. A scoping review was conducted using the... (Review)
Review
This study mapped definitions of shortened dental configurations and health outcomes employed in association studies. A scoping review was conducted using the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO and Cochrane databases. Two trained researchers selected studies and extracted data. Studies that investigated the association between shortened dental configurations (exposure) and person-centered outcomes (general and oral health) related to health behavior (dietary patterns). Clinical outcomes were classified according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and the International Classification of Diseases of the World Health Organization (WHO). Shortened dental configurations were defined as at least 20/21 teeth or the position of the teeth, including esthetics, dental occlusion and periodontal status (Eichner Index, Shortened Dental Arches, Functional Dentition Classification System, Posterior Occluding Pairs, Functional Tooth Units). The initial search resulted in 12,525 records in English, Portuguese and Spanish, 432 of which addressed the association of interest. General health (n = 203) and oral health (n = 201) were addressed in a similar number of studies. Most outcomes were related to general health (n = 184), the most frequent of which were endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases (n = 57) and mental functions (n = 26). Person-centered measures were addressed in 153 studies, most of which were about oral health and oral health-related quality of life (n = 62). Oral health outcomes were predominantly related to intake functions (n = 44) and diseases or disorders of the orofacial complex (n = 24). Dietary patterns (n = 43) and mortality (n = 38) were also studied. The cross-sectional design (n = 257) and non-probabilistic sampling (n = 218) were more frequent. The shortened dental configurations defined by the WHO were the most frequent in the studies (n = 206). The effects of shortened dental configurations have been investigated mainly in relation to endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases and measures of oral health-related quality of life. The findings point to a diversity of health outcomes assessed and substantial methodological variability.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Cross-Sectional Studies; Oral Health; Metabolic Diseases
PubMed: 38243284
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03714-4 -
International Journal of Oral and... Nov 2023This article describes the 'adaptable condylectomy' and highlights two innovative treatment protocols for the variety of acquired facial asymmetry and associated... (Review)
Review
This article describes the 'adaptable condylectomy' and highlights two innovative treatment protocols for the variety of acquired facial asymmetry and associated malocclusion caused by condylar hyperplasia, as illustrated by the cases of seven patients presenting different manifestations of condylar hyperplasia. Protocol I (three cases) is applied for condylar hyperplasia with a normal occlusion and involves a high condylectomy, with the goal of guiding the mandible back to the original occlusion. Protocol II (four cases) is applied for condylar hyperplasia with diverse acquired malocclusions and involves condylectomy at a level adapted to the malocclusion, allowing the mandible to be guided back to the occlusion that pre-existed the active change caused by the condylar hyperplasia, or to a position as close to the midline as possible. Both protocols are followed by gradual self-correction of the acquired facial asymmetry. These protocols often obviate the need for further surgical intervention and, if further correction is needed, it is much simpler.
PubMed: 37230928
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2023.05.001 -
Cureus Sep 2023Restoration of hemimandibulectomy defects following tumour extirpation to restore oral function is a herculean task for practitioners. Prosthetic treatment alternatives... (Review)
Review
Restoration of hemimandibulectomy defects following tumour extirpation to restore oral function is a herculean task for practitioners. Prosthetic treatment alternatives available for rehabilitation of acquired hemimandibulectomy defects according to mandibular reconstruction type and extent (Cantor-Curtis classification) are unclear. This systematic review aims to assess the spectrum of prosthodontic rehabilitation approaches with regard to reconstruction type and extent of mandibular surgical defects. The databases incorporated for literature search were Google Scholar and Medline (PubMed). Relevant search terms for hemimandibulectomy and reconstruction with prosthetic rehabilitation were used. Two reviewers independently assessed the articles using eligibility criteria; published case reports and case series in the English language and depicting prosthodontic treatment modality of patients greater than 15 years were included. A total of 202 records were identified from the database search of which 19 duplicates were removed. The remaining articles were assessed for eligibility, and 55 articles (comprising 58 cases) were finally included in the study. This review revealed various prosthetic alternatives ranging from guide flange, twin occlusion, palatal ramp, conventional to hybrid partial and complete dentures to implant-supported prosthesis including a few innovative prosthetic approaches. This systematic review provides a plethora of prosthodontic rehabilitation approaches according to the extent of hemimandibular surgical defect and type of reconstruction. This will facilitate practitioners and prosthodontists in sequential treatment planning and management of hemimandibulectomy cases in their routine practice.
PubMed: 37799255
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44647 -
The Journal of Experimental Biology Aug 2023Bite force and gape are two important performance metrics of the feeding system, and these metrics are inversely related for a given muscle size because of fundamental...
Bite force and gape are two important performance metrics of the feeding system, and these metrics are inversely related for a given muscle size because of fundamental constraints in sarcomere length-tension relationships. How these competing performance metrics change in developing primates is largely unknown. Here, we quantified in vivo bite forces and gapes across ontogeny and examined these data in relation to body mass and cranial measurements in captive tufted capuchins, Sapajus spp. Bite force and gape were also compared across geometric and mechanical properties of mechanically challenging foods to investigate relationships between bite force, gape and food accessibility (defined here as the ability to breach shelled nuts). Bite forces at a range of gapes and feeding behavioral data were collected from a cross-sectional ontogenetic series of 20 captive and semi-wild tufted capuchins at the Núcleo de Procriação de Macacos-Prego Research Center in Araçatuba, Brazil. These data were paired with body mass, photogrammetric measures of jaw length and facial width, and food geometric and material properties. Tufted capuchins with larger body masses had absolutely higher in vivo bite forces and gapes, and animals with wider faces had absolutely higher bite forces. Bite forces and gapes were significantly smaller in juveniles compared with subadults and adults. These are the first primate data to empirically demonstrate the gapes at which maximum active bite force is generated and to demonstrate relationships to food accessibility. These data advance our understanding of how primates meet the changing performance demands of the feeding system during development.
Topics: Animals; Bite Force; Cross-Sectional Studies; Skull; Feeding Behavior; Sarcomeres; Biomechanical Phenomena; Jaw
PubMed: 37439316
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245972 -
Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi =... Oct 2023Rehabilitation of complete edentulism is naturally related to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) since the proper functioning of complete denture depends on the normal... (Review)
Review
Rehabilitation of complete edentulism is naturally related to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) since the proper functioning of complete denture depends on the normal movement of TMJ. This review briefly introduced the design of occlusion in complete denture, characteristic of different occlusal patterns, and key points in registration of maxillomandibular relationship and occlusal adjustment. This review emphasized the significance of complete denture restoration to the health of TMJ.
Topics: Humans; Temporomandibular Joint; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; Dental Occlusion; Occlusal Adjustment; Denture, Complete; Tooth Loss
PubMed: 37818531
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20230730-00048 -
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational... 2024The need to increase the Vertical Dimension of Occlusion (VDO) to restore lost dental function or optimise specific dental treatments is a common occurrence in daily... (Review)
Review
The need to increase the Vertical Dimension of Occlusion (VDO) to restore lost dental function or optimise specific dental treatments is a common occurrence in daily dental practice. The common belief that the Vertical Dimension at Rest (VDR) is fixed hinders the development of restorations with a VDO that encroaches on or surpasses the interocclusal rest space (IRS), thereby preventing potential tissue damage to the masticatory apparatus. Recent studies have shown that the mandible rest position falls within a range termed as the "comfort zone". The range of this zone may vary from one person to another and within the same person over time due to factors such as age or health status. In this review, we have concluded that a permanent increase in the VDO, once indicated, is a safe procedure for dentulous patients. However, it is important to minimise the extent of the increase to simplify the prosthodontics treatment process. An inter-incisal increase exceeding 5 mm is seldom needed. Moreover, it is important to consider the functional, aesthetic, and biological elements associated with VDO. The biological and functional environment closely related to the VDO had great adaptive capacities, which have for a historically been underestimated. Patient adaptation has been observed in dentate patients, edentulous patients, and even cases involving implant-supported prostheses. Muscle relaxation and changes in muscle length are likely the primary adaptation mechanisms, rather than the restoration of the original VDO through dentoalveolar maturation. Intervention with a fixed restoration is more predictable and results in a higher and more rapid level of adaptation. Finally, the increase should include the entire arch to prevent relapse of the VDO to its previous value, and changes in VDO should be assessed by utilising temporary diagnostic restorations for a period before implementing definitive prostheses, in order to evaluate the adaptive muscle response.
PubMed: 38770218
DOI: 10.2147/CCIDE.S453704 -
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor... Dec 2023In addition to function, occlusion and airway volume, aesthetics play an important role in the planning and execution of orthognathic surgery. To improve the aesthetic...
In addition to function, occlusion and airway volume, aesthetics play an important role in the planning and execution of orthognathic surgery. To improve the aesthetic outcome of orthognathic surgery, there are several procedures that can be combined with orthognathic surgery secondarily, or in the same operation. These include: lipofilling, dermal fillers, facial implants, liposuction, ear corrections, eyelid corrections, or a lip lift. Patients often appreciate it when the options for additional procedures are discussed. However, both undertreatment and overtreatment can lead to unfavorable outcomes. Proper care and thoroughness are of course required, as to not change the characteristic facial aspects of a patient too much.
Topics: Humans; Orthognathic Surgery; Esthetics, Dental; Face
PubMed: 38051084
DOI: 10.5177/ntvt.2023.12.23059 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Apr 2024To investigate the sociodemographic profile, the association with retinal vascular diseases (RVD) and systemic comorbidities, and visual outcomes of patients with...
PURPOSE
To investigate the sociodemographic profile, the association with retinal vascular diseases (RVD) and systemic comorbidities, and visual outcomes of patients with paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) in a large, ethnically diverse single-center cohort.
DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.
METHODS
Electronic health record query for all patients presenting with PAMM at Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, was completed. Detailed demographic, clinical, and systemic information were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 78 eyes of 78 patients with confirmed PAMM were included in the study. Forty patients (51.3%) presented with no RVD, 20 patients (25.6%) with retinal vein occlusion (RVO), 16 patients (20.5%) with retinal artery occlusion (RAO), and 2 patients (2.6%) with concomitant RAO and RVO. Patients with PAMM+RAO were older than those with RVO (P = .02) and more likely to have a history of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (P = .01), with a significantly worse presenting best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (20/50) compared to patients with RVO (P = .02) and no RVD (P < .001). Individuals with isolated PAMM had a significantly higher prevalence of previous MACE (P = .04) and sickle cell disease (SCD) (P = .04) compared to those with RVO. At the last follow-up, 64 patients (85.3%) had a good BCVA (>20/32).
CONCLUSIONS
The significant association of PAMM with RVD supports the hypothesis of an ischemic etiology. Individuals with isolated PAMM had a higher prevalence of MACE and SCD. Thus, it is important to prompt immediate referral for a comprehensive systemic evaluation. Across the whole cohort, PAMM was associated with good BCVA improvement during follow-up, indicating a good visual prognosis.
Topics: Humans; Retinal Vessels; Retrospective Studies; Fluorescein Angiography; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Visual Acuity; Acute Disease; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Vein Occlusion; Retinal Artery Occlusion; Macula Lutea; Prevalence; Macular Degeneration
PubMed: 38104758
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.12.010 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2023
PubMed: 38098969
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1340681