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Advanced Healthcare Materials Mar 2024Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent dental condition arising from the exposure of dentin tubules (DTs), leading to discomfort upon external stimuli. However,...
Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent dental condition arising from the exposure of dentin tubules (DTs), leading to discomfort upon external stimuli. However, achieving swift and profound occlusion of these exposed DTs for immediate and enduring relief remains challenging due to the intricate dentin structure and oral environment. Herein, a pioneering and facile drop-by-drop strategy involving an in situ generated natural supramolecular hydrogel formed by self-assembling silk fibroin (SF) and tannic acid (TA) within the narrow DT space is proposed. When SF and TA aqueous solutions are applied successively to exposed dentin, they penetrate deeply within DTs and coassemble into compact gels, robustly adhering to DT walls. This yields a rapid and compact occlusion effect with an unprecedented depth exceeding 250 µm, maintaining stable occlusion efficacy even under rigorous in vitro and in vivo erosion and friction conditions for no less than 21 days. Furthermore, the biocompatibility and effective occlusion properties are verified through cell studies in simulated oral settings and an in vivo rabbit model. This study, for the first time, demonstrates the translational potential of hydrogel-based desensitizers in treating DH with prompt action, superior occlusion depth and enduring treatment benefits, holding promise as clinical-friendly restorative solutions for delicate-structured biosystems.
Topics: Animals; Rabbits; Dentin; Dentin Sensitivity; Hydrogels; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Polyphenols
PubMed: 38040410
DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303153 -
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral... Apr 2024The objective of establishing intra-operative occlusion by temporary inter-maxillary fixation remains constant even with evolving principles for the treatment of facial...
INTRODUCTION
The objective of establishing intra-operative occlusion by temporary inter-maxillary fixation remains constant even with evolving principles for the treatment of facial fractures.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
In the novel technique, a pre-stretched 24- gauge round stainless-steel wire of six inches length is used.
RESULTS
The novel technique is a modification of the conventional eyelet wiring, which can achieve both horizontal stabilization and maxillo-mandibular fixation.
CONCLUSIONS
We have devised a technique that overcomes the relative bulky and rigid arch bars which may not be welltolerated by the patients and the damage to the radicular structures during the placement of IMF screws.
PubMed: 38601234
DOI: 10.1007/s12663-023-02043-x -
Clinical Oral Investigations Aug 2023To evaluate the effectiveness of the 980-nm diode laser for dentinal tubule occlusion, measure the intrapulpal temperature, and investigate the dental pulp response.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the effectiveness of the 980-nm diode laser for dentinal tubule occlusion, measure the intrapulpal temperature, and investigate the dental pulp response.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The dentinal samples were randomly divided into G1-G7 groups: control; 980-nm laser irradiation (0.5 W, 10 s; 0.5 W, 10 s × 2; 0.8 W, 10 s; 0.8 W, 10 s × 2; 1.0 W, 10 s; 1.0 W, 10 s × 2). The dentin discs were applied for laser irradiation and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The intrapulpal temperature was measured on the 1.0-mm and 2.0-mm thickness samples, and then divided into G2-G7 groups according to laser irradiation. Moreover, forty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the laser-irradiated group (euthanized at 1, 7, and 14 days after irradiation) and the control group (non-irradiated). qRT-PCR, histomorphology, and immunohistochemistry analysis were employed to evaluate the response of dental pulp.
RESULTS
SEM indicated the occluding ratio of dentinal tubules in the G5 (0.8 W, 10 s × 2) and G7 (1.0 W, 10 s × 2) were significantly higher than the other groups (p < 0.05). The maximum intrapulpal temperature rises in the G5 were lower than the standard line (5.5 ℃). qRT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression level of TNF-α and HSP-70 upregulated significantly at 1 day (p < 0.05). Histomorphology and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that, compared with the control group, the inflammatory reaction was slightly higher at the 1 and 7 days (p < 0.05) and decreased to the normal levels at 14 days (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
A 980-nm laser at a power of 0.8 W with 10 s × 2 defines the best treatment for dentin hypersensitivity in terms of compromise between the efficacy of the treatment and the safety of the pulp.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The 980-nm laser is an effective option for treating dentin sensitivity. However, we need to ensure the safety of the pulp during laser irradiation.
Topics: Animals; Rats; Dentin Sensitivity; Dentin; Lasers, Semiconductor; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
PubMed: 37382717
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05114-y -
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Nov 2023The relationship between the maximum lip-closing force (LCF) and malocclusion has long been studied. Recently, a method to measure the ability to control directional LCF...
BACKGROUND
The relationship between the maximum lip-closing force (LCF) and malocclusion has long been studied. Recently, a method to measure the ability to control directional LCF from eight directions (upper, lower, right, left and the four directions in between) during lip pursing was established.
OBJECTIVE
It is considered important to evaluate the ability to control directional LCF. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of skeletal class III patients to control directional LCF.
METHODS
Fifteen skeletal class III patients (mandibular prognathism group) and 15 people with normal occlusion (normal occlusion group) were recruited. The maximum LCF and the accuracy rate (the ratio of the matched time in which the participant was able to keep the LCF in the target range over a total time of 6 s) were measured.
RESULTS
The maximum LCF was not significantly different between the mandibular prognathism group and the normal occlusion group. The accuracy rate in the mandibular prognathism group was significantly lower in all six directions than that in the individual normal occlusion group.
CONCLUSION
As the accuracy rate in all six directions was significantly lower in the mandibular prognathism group than that in the normal occlusion group, occlusion and craniofacial morphology might influence lip function.
PubMed: 37437190
DOI: 10.1111/joor.13561 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... Oct 2023Studies comparing the clinical performance of titanium zirconium (Ti-Zr) and titanium (Ti) dental implants subjected to immediate loading in the posterior mandibular... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Studies comparing the clinical performance of titanium zirconium (Ti-Zr) and titanium (Ti) dental implants subjected to immediate loading in the posterior mandibular region where occlusal forces are higher are sparse in the current literature. Hence, the study aimed to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of Ti-Zr and Ti dental implants under immediate functional loading in the mandibular posterior region.
METHODS
Forty participants fulfilling the predetermined selection criteria were randomly grouped based on dental implant used; Titanium zirconium (Ti-Zr):20, and Titanium (Ti):20. Dental implants were placed through a standard full-thickness mucoperiosteal flap approach and loaded immediately fulfilling the principle of implant protective occlusion. Clinical parameters including crestal bone loss (CBL), modified plaque index (MPI), probing depth (PD) and modified sulcular bleeding index (MSBI) were measured at baseline and follow-up visits (4, 8, and 12 months). Obtained data were compared with standard tests such as the t-test, Chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS
On intergroup comparison, CBL was more in the Ti-Zr group as compared to the Ti group at 4 months (0.72 ± 0.16 mm versus 0.70 ± 0.13 mm), but it was less at 8 months (1.08 ± 0.16 mm versus 1.13 ± 0.13 mm) and 12 months (1.19 ± 0.17 mm versus 1.24 ± 0.12 mm) but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Mann-Whitney test also revealed no statistically significant difference in MPI, PD and MSBI at 4 months, 8 months and 12 months recall (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
CBL and periodontal parameters of Ti-Zr dental implants were found similar to Ti dental implants under immediate loading in the posterior mandibular region. However, further studies are needed to determine its long-term efficacy and cost-effectiveness.
Topics: Humans; Titanium; Zirconium; Male; Female; Adult; Mandible; Dental Implants; Treatment Outcome; Immediate Dental Implant Loading; Middle Aged; Periodontal Index; Alveolar Bone Loss; Young Adult
PubMed: 38739813
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_313_23 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2024Non-syndromic permanent tooth agenesis affects a significant proportion of the population, especially if third molars are considered. Although tooth agenesis has been...
Non-syndromic permanent tooth agenesis affects a significant proportion of the population, especially if third molars are considered. Although tooth agenesis has been linked to a smaller craniofacial size, reduced facial convexity and a shorter skeletal face, the occlusal characteristics of individuals with tooth agenesis remain largely unexplored. Therefore, this study investigated potential associations between tooth agenesis and metric occlusal traits in 806 individuals (491 with 4.1 missing teeth per subject, including third molars, and 315 without any tooth agenesis). Dentoskeletal morphology was defined through anatomical landmarks on pre-treatment cephalometric radiographs. Multivariate regression models, adjusted for sex and age, showed that tooth agenesis was significantly associated with a reduced overjet, an increased interincisal angle, and shorter upper and lower dental arch lengths, but not with overbite. Moreover, apart from reduced tooth length and dentoalveolar effects, as the number of missing teeth increased the upper front teeth were progressively retruded according to the craniofacial complex and to the face. Thus, tooth agenesis has a substantial influence on dental and occlusal characteristics, as well as on the sagittal position and inclination of anterior teeth. These findings emphasize the necessity for personalized, multidisciplinary approaches in individuals with multiple agenesis to successfully meet treatment goals.
Topics: Humans; Malocclusion; Tooth; Dentition, Permanent; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Overbite; Anodontia; Cephalometry; Molar, Third
PubMed: 38462644
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56449-9 -
Cranio : the Journal of... Sep 2023To evaluate the association between temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and malocclusion complexity using the Index of Complexity Outcome and Need (ICON) levels.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the association between temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and malocclusion complexity using the Index of Complexity Outcome and Need (ICON) levels.
METHODS
A prospective, cross-sectional, case and control study was done. Cases and controls were matched in a one-to-one relationship (179 subjects each). The Research Diagnostic Criteria was used to evaluate the presence of TMD, and the ICON was used to quantify malocclusion complexity. A binary logistic regression ( < 0.05) was used to identify associations between variables.
RESULTS
TMD presence was associated with gender and malocclusion complexity ( < 0.05). The largest proportion of controls were in the lowest three levels of ICON complexity, while most cases were in the three highest levels ( < 0.001). Higher malocclusion complexity indicated a greater TMD risk.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that TMD is associated with malocclusion complexity. As malocclusion complexity increases, so do the odds of presenting with TMD.
Topics: Humans; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Prospective Studies; Malocclusion; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
PubMed: 33407059
DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2020.1868907 -
Cureus Aug 2023Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), caused by airway narrowing, is likely to occur if the mandibular plane to hyoid distance is greater than 15.4 mm and the posterior...
INTRODUCTION
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), caused by airway narrowing, is likely to occur if the mandibular plane to hyoid distance is greater than 15.4 mm and the posterior airway space (PAS) is less than 11 mm. OSA may be caused by mandibular deficit, bimaxillary retrusion, increased lower facial height, extended soft palate, a large tongue base, and a posteroinferiorly positioned hyoid bone. Snoring and drowsiness during exercise are symptoms of OSA, which is a risk factor for high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke, and these can result in car crashes. However, orthognathic surgery can improve dental occlusion and aesthetics by adjusting facial bone position, shape, and size. When bones move, the position and tension of soft tissues change. These novel soft tissue interactions, especially when anteroposterior, change the face's appearance and PAS dimensions. This study uses barium sulfate paste to enhance lateral cephalograms before and after orthognathic surgery to assess posterior pharyngeal airway changes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Barium sulfate was mixed with water to make a paste for the tongue's dorsum. A preoperative digital lateral cephalogram was obtained, and a postoperative evaluation was conducted six weeks after the procedure. In the cephalostat, the Frankfort horizontal and median planes were aligned parallel to the floor, and a radiograph was taken after the breathing cycle to standardize the hyoid bone location. Preoperative lateral cephalogram analysis using Burstone's hard tissue landmarks confirmed skeletal class II or III deformities. First, the narrowest part of the posterior pharyngeal airway was measured. Second, the narrowest portion between the soft palate and posterior pharyngeal wall parallel to the Frankfort horizontal plane was measured preoperatively, and the procedure was repeated six weeks postop.
RESULTS
Complexity characterizes the pharyngeal airway, which, along with the surrounding structures, facilitates the bodily functions of eating, talking, and breathing. The pharyngeal airway is located behind the nose, mouth, and larynx, and adjusting the jaws changes the size and structure of the pharyngeal airway and surrounding soft tissues, which may affect breathing. A statistically significant change is detected in the posterior palatal and posterior lingual airways after different orthognathic operations. After the mandible is moved forward, both the posterior palatal and posterior lingual airways enlarge. Furthermore, the soft palate exhibits slight decreases in length, thickness, and angle. Additionally, there is an anterosuperior displacement of the hyoid bone. Following maxillary superior impaction, mandibular autorotation is seen in a counterclockwise direction, which has the same result as that of mandibular advancement.
CONCLUSION
It is essential to consider these soft tissue changes when planning orthognathic procedures, as alterations in the pharyngeal airway may impact the patient's postoperative breathing and overall health. Patients with OSA or those at risk of developing it should be closely evaluated and managed appropriately during the surgical planning process.
PubMed: 37664273
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42836 -
Korean Journal of Orthodontics Jun 2024Understanding the orofacial characteristics and growth patterns in children is essential for both orthodontics and research on children with orofacial abnormalities....
OBJECTIVE
Understanding the orofacial characteristics and growth patterns in children is essential for both orthodontics and research on children with orofacial abnormalities. However, a concise resource of normative data on the size and relative position of these structures in different populations is not available. Our objective was to aggregate normative data to assess the growth of the orofacial skeletal structures in children with a well-balanced face and normal occlusion.
METHODS
The MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched. Inclusion criteria included longitudinal and cross-sectional studies on cephalometric measurement of skeletal tissues and a study population ≤ 18 years with a well-balanced face and normal occlusion. Key study parameters were extracted, and knowledge was synthesized. A quality appraisal was performed using a 10-point scale.
RESULTS
The final selection comprised of 12 longitudinal and 33 cross-sectional studies, the quality of which ranged from good to excellent. Our results showed that from childhood to adulthood, the length of the cranial base increased significantly while the cranial base angle remained constant; both the maxilla and mandible moved forward and downward. The profile becomes straighter with age.
CONCLUSIONS
Growth patterns in children with a well-balanced face and normal occlusion follow accepted theories of growth.
PubMed: 38898629
DOI: 10.4041/kjod23.224 -
International Journal of Clinical... Jan 2024The respective review articles aim is to provide an overview as well as describes and enlists different orofacial myofunctional therapy exercises as a modality for... (Review)
Review
AIM AND BACKGROUND
The respective review articles aim is to provide an overview as well as describes and enlists different orofacial myofunctional therapy exercises as a modality for tongue tie secondary to surgery.Tongue tie is the basically a connection that joints base of tongue to the floor of mouth. This leads to difficulties various difficulties such as altered speech, oral habits, maligned teeth and many more. During formative years, most children successfully treated of tongue tie by releasing it, but problems start after its correction. That it may can reappear or may lead to same difficulties as prior. Parents and clinicians are only concerned about speech and aesthetics after release of tongue tie. But OMT plays important role ore and post-surgical procedure. OMT help in proper tongue posture along with reducing the probability of tissue reattachment after surgery by exercises. This therapy positively influenced functions by reducing deleterious habits.
METHODS
A review of relevant literature is predicated on articles found using free text terms, mesh terms, and some basic tongue tie as well as tongue tie release pamphlets that were published in English up until the year 2023 in the electronic databases PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. With the aid of mesh keywords, the initial search yielded 38-40 articles; 20-35 were chosen depending on the requirements. Also we searched for orofacial myofunctional exercises or exercises recommended after tongue tie release.
RESULTS
Various exercises enlisted in our article that will guide a individual before and after tongue tie release which will give positive outcomes such as proper tongue posture, speech, swallow, regained aesthetics and self-esteem.
CONCLUSION
Tongue plays an important role in development of perioral structures as well as in the swallow to good speech articulation and dental occlusion. So, as pediatric dentist its important know that after release of tongue tie what to do and how to maintain. This review article is focused on the various orofacial myofunctional therapy techniques employed for tongue tie but not a single one to describe them.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Our pertaining review act as a guide for clinicians as well as individuals to manage tongue tie after its release.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Shah SS, Agarwal PV, Rathi N, Tongues Tied by Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy about Tongue Tie: A Narrative Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(1):109-113.
PubMed: 38559852
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2736