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Forensic Science International Jul 2024Teeth are biological structures with a high degree of hardness, density, calcification, and capacity to adapt to extrinsic factors at physical, biological, and... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Teeth are biological structures with a high degree of hardness, density, calcification, and capacity to adapt to extrinsic factors at physical, biological, and physiological levels. Subsequently, they resist for a longer period in deteriorating environmental conditions. With dental analysis, it is possible to acquire biographical data about a person. The aim of this scoping review was to identify publications using human teeth tissues to estimate sexual dimorphism.
METHODS
The scoping review was carried out in the following databases: Jstor, Scielo, Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus, using ten search strategies in English and guaranteeing completeness and reproducibility of the phases stipulated in the PRISMA guide.
RESULTS
143 studies on sexual dimorphism based on dental tissue traits were included, of which 40.6% (n = 58) were done in Asia and 27.2% (n = 39) in America. 80% of the studies (equivalent to 114 articles) focused their observations and measurements on the dental crown; 4.2% in enamel, dentin, and pulp together; 3.5% in dental pulp; 2.1% in the entire tooth; 2.8% in enamel, root, and the enamel-cementum junction, and only 0.7% in dentin and pulp. In addition, 92.3% of the studies used metric methods, while only 4.9% and 2.8% used biochemical and non-metric method respectively.
CONCLUSION
For sexual dimorphism establishment, enamel has been the most analyzed dental tissue in permanent canines and molars mainly. Likewise, the most widely and accurately used methods for this purpose are the metrics, with the odontometry as the most implemented (intraoral or by using dental plaster models, digital scanning or software) with prediction percentages ranging from 51% to 95.9%. In contrast to biochemical methods, that can achieve the highest precision (up to 100%), the non-metric methods, to a less extent, reported prediction percentages of 58%.
Topics: Humans; Sex Characteristics; Tooth; Forensic Dentistry; Dentin; Dental Enamel; Dental Pulp
PubMed: 38824866
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112061 -
BMC Oral Health Oct 2023Vitamin D plays a crucial role in oral health, and its deficiency is associated to significant changes in oral health diseases. We aimed to explore the relationship... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Vitamin D plays a crucial role in oral health, and its deficiency is associated to significant changes in oral health diseases. We aimed to explore the relationship between levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) and dental caries in children.
METHODS
Four electronic databases were searched by two investigators including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Dental caries results were presented as either prevalence or based on the index of primary and permanent teeth/surfaces with decaying, missing, and filled areas, while vitamin D levels were determined through laboratory testing. Two researchers independently selected studies, collected information, assessed risk of bias, and evaluated the study quality. Any disagreements were resolved through discussion.
RESULTS
A total of 13 studies were included, comprising 5 cross-sectional studies, 5 cohort studies, 3 case-control studies, all of which had high methodological quality. Our meta-analysis showed that children with vitamin D deficiency had a 22% higher risk of dental caries than those with normal vitamin D levels, with a relative risk (RR) of 1.22 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.18 to 1. 25. Further subgroup analysis according to the three types of studies showed that the risk of dental caries in children with vitamin D deficiency was higher than that in normal vitamin D level group (cohort studies: 62%; cross-sectional studies, 19%; and case-control studies, 5%). Additionally, according to age, subgroup analysis also showed that the risk of dental caries in children with vitamin D deficiency was higher than that in normal vitamin D level group (permanent teeth studies, 28%; deciduous teeth studies, 68%; and mixed dentition studies 8%).
CONCLUSIONS
Levels of 25 (OH) D have been found negatively associated with dental caries in children, indicating that low vitamin D levels may be considered a potential risk factor to this dental disease.
Topics: Child; Humans; Dental Caries; Cross-Sectional Studies; Vitamin D; Dentition, Permanent; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 37858104
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03422-z -
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor... Feb 2024The diagnosis of an endodontic disease requires thorough research, collecting both clinical and radiographic information. The clinical examination includes history...
The diagnosis of an endodontic disease requires thorough research, collecting both clinical and radiographic information. The clinical examination includes history taking, visual inspection of the tooth and surrounding tissues, palpation of the soft and hard tissues, periodontal examination and percussion. The radiographic examination provides valuable information, but can never stand alone in arriving at a diagnosis. It is important to link the findings of the radiographic examination to other information. Sometimes, invasive examination is necessary, during which the coronal restoration is removed to allow better assessment of the tooth. This can provide additional information about the presence of caries, fractures, leakage of the restoration or other reasons for failure of the initial root canal treatment. A good diagnosis is essential for planning successful follow-up treatment.
Topics: Humans; Root Canal Therapy; Tooth; Tooth Root
PubMed: 38318630
DOI: 10.5177/2024.02.23043 -
Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi = Huaxi... Aug 2023This study aimed to construct the finite element model of the mandibular first molar with the invisible appliance and explore the dentition movement characteristics of...
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to construct the finite element model of the mandibular first molar with the invisible appliance and explore the dentition movement characteristics of the mandibular first molar when using micro-implant anchorage and different initial positions of the first molar.
METHODS
Models of the mandible, tooth, periodontal membrane, and invisible appliance were constructed using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data. The two groups were divided into the non-anchorage group and the micro-implant group (between the roots of the first molar and the second molar) based on whether the elastic traction of the micro-implant was assisted or not. The two groups were divided into the following conditions based on the starting position of the first molar: Working condition 1: the distance between the first molar and the second premolar was 0 mm; working condition 2: the distance between the first molar and the second premolar was 1 mm; working condition 3: the distance between the first molar and the second premolar was 2 mm; working condition 4: the distance between the first molar and the second premolar was 3 mm. The data characte-ristics of total displacement and displacement in each direction of dentition were analyzed.
RESULTS
In the non-ancho-rage group, all the other teeth showed reverse movement except for the first molar which was moved distally. Meanwhile, in the micro-implant group, except for a small amount of mesial movement of the second molar in wor-king condition 1, the whole dentition in other working conditions presented distal movement and anterior teeth showed lingual movement, among which the distal displacement of the first molar in working condition 4 was the largest. With the change of the initial position of the first molar to the distal, the movement of the first molar to the distal, the premolar to the mesial, and the anterior to the lip increased, while the movement of the second molar to the mesial decreased.
CONCLUSIONS
The micro-implant can effectively protect the anterior anchorage, increase the expression rate of molar distancing, and avoid the round-trip movement of the second molar. The initial position of the first molar movement is related to the amount of distancing and the remaining tooth movement.
Topics: Finite Element Analysis; Molar; Bicuspid; Periodontal Ligament; Tooth Movement Techniques; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable
PubMed: 37474472
DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023021 -
Chewing performance of patients with worn dentition before and after restorations: A scoping review.Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Jan 2024Tooth wear is a multifactorial complex process related to the loss of dental tissue, due to chemical or mechanical processes, by abrasion, attrition, erosion.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Tooth wear is a multifactorial complex process related to the loss of dental tissue, due to chemical or mechanical processes, by abrasion, attrition, erosion. Restorative treatment represents an attempt to rebuild and recreate the lost structure.
OBJECTIVE
This scoping review aims to investigate whether restorative treatment of worn dentition (either with direct or indirect adhesive composite adhesive procedures or with prosthetic techniques) can have an impact on the masticatory performance parameters.
METHODS
A scoping review was conducted on multiple databases (Pubmed, Medline CENTRAL, ICTRP), following the PRISMA guidelines. Abstracts of research papers were screened for suitability, and full-text articles were obtained for those who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS
Only one article meet the inclusion criteria of the review. Restorative treatment of worn dentition although have a positive impact on the self-report ability to chew, has no effect on the masticatory performance test.
CONCLUSION
At the moment, not enough evidence to comment on the actual therapeutic role of restorative treatment on tooth wear is available. Clinicians, before taking any clinical decision, should carefully discuss with patients the needs and expectations of the treatment plan.
Topics: Humans; Dentition; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Mastication; Tooth Wear
PubMed: 37370261
DOI: 10.1111/joor.13549 -
Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research Aug 2023Mixed dentition determines an important period of occlusion development in childhood.
BACKGROUND
Mixed dentition determines an important period of occlusion development in childhood.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the aesthetic impact of the midline diastema cut-off point in mixed dentition.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional study was performed with 257 children aged 8-10 years in late mixed dentition, with midline diastema of 1-5 mm and normal maxillary overjet. Orthodontic Aesthetic Subjective Impact Score determined the aesthetic impact of the midline diastema. Four quartiles of diastema measurements and impact scores were considered as cut-off points. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were constructed, and the distances representing the distances to the ideal point were calculated. The Yuden index determined the efficiency of measuring the diastema to assess the aesthetic impact. The Kruskal-Wallis test compared the groups of participants classified according to the diastema cut-off by the sample quartile regarding the impact score. The analyses were performed with a significance level of 5%.
RESULTS
There was no significant difference between the four groups of measurement quartiles of the diastema regarding the aesthetic impact (P > .05).
CONCLUSIONS
The perception of dental aesthetics in mixed dentition children was not affected by the midline diastema, regardless of the cut-off point.
Topics: Humans; Diastema; Dentition, Mixed; Cross-Sectional Studies; Esthetics, Dental; Overbite
PubMed: 36239659
DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12613 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Aug 2023The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of tooth shade and its correlation with blood type.
AIM
The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of tooth shade and its correlation with blood type.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study analyzed 312 blood donors at the university Hospital in Monastir between November 2021 and June 2022. Both male and female subjects were included, with ages ranging from 18 to 60 years old. Patients with certain dental conditions or habits were excluded from the study. The study recorded various information about blood donors, including gender, age, governorate of origin, tooth shade, and blood type. The tooth shade values were recorded using A-D shade guide. Data input and tabulation were carried out using Microsoft Excel 2016 and SPSS (version 25.0).
RESULTS
The study included 312 participants, with 85.58% males and 14.42% females. Tooth shade value B was the most prevalent (43%), and D was the least prevalent (7%). The statistical analysis showed that there was no significant link between tooth shade and blood type. However, there were three statistically significant categories: Blood type B/Tooth shade B, Blood type O/Tooth shade C, and Blood Type O/Tooth shade D.
CONCLUSION
The study examined the link between tooth color and blood type but did not find a significant link. However, significant values were found in different subgroups. A wider selection of subjects and a more rigorous measurement equipment might lead to more favorable results.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
By considering the patient's blood type alongside other relevant factors, clinicians can enhance the accuracy and precision of tooth shade selection, resulting in harmonious and natural-looking dental restorations. This approach improves patient satisfaction and acceptance.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Tunisia; Tooth, Deciduous; Cuspid; Incisor
PubMed: 38193178
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3538 -
European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry Sep 2023The aim of this study was to assess the skeletal and dento-alveolar changes produced by a customised eruption guidance appliance (EGA) and a preformed EGA in subjects...
AIM
The aim of this study was to assess the skeletal and dento-alveolar changes produced by a customised eruption guidance appliance (EGA) and a preformed EGA in subjects presenting a skeletal class II pattern during early mixed dentition and to evaluate the differences between the two devices.
METHODS
All subjects included in the study were randomly selected from the record's archive according to the following inclusion criteria: (1) patients presenting upper central incisor and first permanent molars fully erupted; (2) early mixed dentition with age between 7 to 9 years old; (3) Angle class I or class II malocclusion; (4) increased overjet > 4 mm;(5) deep bite with at least 2/3 overlapping of the incisors; (6) no previous orthodontic treatment apart from maxillary expansion treatment. All children belonging to the case group received treatment with a 3D printed EGA whereas the other patients belonging to the control group were treated with preformed EGA. Records consisted in digital dental models and lateral cephalogram at the beginning (T0) and after 1 year of treatment (T1). Data collected on the digital models included the dentoalveolar changes in overbite, overjet, sagittal molar relationship, and dental crowding. Cephalometric tracings were computed by a single blinded observer using Dolphin Imaging software. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS (version 25.00; IBM Corp, Armonk, NY). Comparison regarding the cephalometric changes between T1-T2 was carried out with paired t-test. Difference in distribution regarding sagittal molar and canine relationship and anterior crowding between groups at T1 and T2 has been computed with chi-square test. The independent sample t-test was used to perform the between group comparison.
CONCLUSION
In the short time, both the appliances showed to be effective in correcting class II malocclusion, anterior crowding, overjet and overbite. Custom-made appliance demonstrated to be significantly more effective in correcting anterior crowding, the dento-skeletal vertical relation and position of permanent incisor compared to the preformed appliance. Adopting a customised device, effects due to an average prescription appliance used to a specific patient can be reduced, resulting in more predictable results.
Topics: Humans; Overbite; Dentition, Mixed; Malocclusion; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Cephalometry; Mandible
PubMed: 37337957
DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2023.1727 -
European Journal of Orthodontics Nov 2023There are a few hypotheses for the origin of palatally impacted canines (PIC). Nevertheless, the results of different studies are controversial. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
There are a few hypotheses for the origin of palatally impacted canines (PIC). Nevertheless, the results of different studies are controversial.
OBJECTIVE
Considering the evidence available in the literature to determine the skeletal and dentoalveolar dimensions in patients with PIC using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
SEARCH METHODS
This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Statement. The literature search with no publication date restriction in five databases and hand searching was performed until April 2023.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Data assessing the skeletal and dentoalveolar characteristics of subjects with PIC evaluated with CBCT was extracted, and the studies' quality was evaluated with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Skeletal and dentoalveolar characteristics of subjects with PIC were compared with non-impacted subjects or non-impacted sides. MedCalc software was used to perform the meta-analysis. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the chi-square and I-square tests.
RESULTS
The initial database search identified a total of 1153 studies. After applying the selection criteria, nine articles were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. According to the NOS, all included articles were graded as "Good" quality. The meta-analysis showed a non-significant difference in measuring dentoalveolar height, alveolar first molar width, and basal lateral width. Controversial results were observed when evaluating both basal and alveolar first premolar widths. A significant difference was found when assessing anterior alveolar crest height and basal maxillary width.
CONCLUSIONS
Studies demonstrated the reduction of both dentoalveolar and skeletal maxillary parameters of the patients with PIC. The meta-analysis indicated that PIC correlates to both vertical and transverse skeletal dimensions of the maxilla. However, the results remain controversial. The findings should be interpreted with caution due to different study designs and unbalanced groups in the included studies; therefore, further research is needed for more reliable conclusions.
REGISTRATION
This systematic review and meta-analysis were registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO CRD42022362124).
Topics: Humans; Maxilla; Cuspid; Incisor; Alveolar Process; Molar; Tooth, Impacted; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
PubMed: 37552898
DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjad050 -
Dental Traumatology : Official... Oct 2023Primary teeth are frequently affected by traumatic dental injuries. Root fractures are rare and have a reported incidence of 2% in the primary dentition. Hence, there is...
BACKGROUND/AIM
Primary teeth are frequently affected by traumatic dental injuries. Root fractures are rare and have a reported incidence of 2% in the primary dentition. Hence, there is limited evidence on this topic. This study aims to evaluate the risk of healing complications in primary teeth with root fracture and to identify possible sequelae in the permanent dentition following root fracture in the primary dentition.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective analysis of a cohort of 53 patients with 74 root fractured primary teeth. The standard follow-up program included clinical and radiographic examination after 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year after the trauma and when the patient was 6 years of age. The following complications were registered: pulp necrosis (PN), pulp canal obliteration (PCO), ankylosis with replacement root resorption (ARR), infection-related root resorption (IRR), premature tooth loss (PTL), and repair-related resorption (RRR).
STATISTICS
The Kaplan-Meier and Aalen-Johansen estimators were employed. The level of significance was 5%.
RESULTS
A total of 74 teeth were included. 42 teeth were extracted at the initial examination. Risks estimated after 3 years: PTL 45.9% [95% CI: 28.8-63.0], PCO 12.9% [95% CI: 2.3-23.4], PN 14.9% [95% CI: 3.9-25.9], RRR 2.6% [95% CI: 0.0-7.5]. No teeth showed ARR or IRR. All complications were diagnosed within the first year. Most common sequelae in the permanent dentition was demarcated opacities, with an estimated risk of 20% [95% CI: 8.2-41.3].
CONCLUSIONS
There is a low risk of healing complications following a root fracture in the primary dentition. Root fractures often result in early extraction of the coronal fragment. The remaining apical fragment will undergo a physiological resorption. Aside from opacities, there is a low risk of sequelae in the permanent dentition.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Root Resorption; Tooth Avulsion; Tooth Ankylosis; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Fractures, Bone; Tooth Fractures; Tooth Loss; Tooth, Deciduous; Tooth Root
PubMed: 37272585
DOI: 10.1111/edt.12853