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Movement Disorders : Official Journal... Oct 2023To date, studies on positron emission tomography (PET) with F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) usually included PSP cohorts...
Automatic covariance pattern analysis outperforms visual reading of F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in variant progressive supranuclear palsy.
BACKGROUND
To date, studies on positron emission tomography (PET) with F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) usually included PSP cohorts overrepresenting patients with Richardson's syndrome (PSP-RS).
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate FDG-PET in a patient sample representing the broad phenotypic PSP spectrum typically encountered in routine clinical practice.
METHODS
This retrospective, multicenter study included 41 PSP patients, 21 (51%) with RS and 20 (49%) with non-RS variants of PSP (vPSP), and 46 age-matched healthy controls. Two state-of-the art methods for the interpretation of FDG-PET were compared: visual analysis supported by voxel-based statistical testing (five readers) and automatic covariance pattern analysis using a predefined PSP-related pattern.
RESULTS
Sensitivity and specificity of the majority visual read for the detection of PSP in the whole cohort were 74% and 72%, respectively. The percentage of false-negative cases was 10% in the PSP-RS subsample and 43% in the vPSP subsample. Automatic covariance pattern analysis provided sensitivity and specificity of 93% and 83% in the whole cohort. The percentage of false-negative cases was 0% in the PSP-RS subsample and 15% in the vPSP subsample.
CONCLUSIONS
Visual interpretation of FDG-PET supported by voxel-based testing provides good accuracy for the detection of PSP-RS, but only fair sensitivity for vPSP. Automatic covariance pattern analysis outperforms visual interpretation in the detection of PSP-RS, provides clinically useful sensitivity for vPSP, and reduces the rate of false-positive findings. Thus, pattern expression analysis is clinically useful to complement visual reading and voxel-based testing of FDG-PET in suspected PSP. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Topics: Humans; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Movement Disorders; Positron-Emission Tomography; Retrospective Studies; Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive
PubMed: 37655363
DOI: 10.1002/mds.29581 -
Molecular Neurodegeneration Sep 2023Plasma assays for the detection of Alzheimer's disease neuropathological changes are receiving ever increasing interest. The concentration of plasma glial fibrillary...
BACKGROUND
Plasma assays for the detection of Alzheimer's disease neuropathological changes are receiving ever increasing interest. The concentration of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) has been suggested as a potential marker of astrocytes or recently, amyloid-β burden, although this hypothesis remains unproven. We compared plasma GFAP levels with the astrocyte tracer C-Deuterium-L-Deprenyl (C-DED) in a multi-modal PET design in participants with sporadic and Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer's disease.
METHODS
Twenty-four individuals from families with known Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer's Disease mutations (mutation carriers = 10; non-carriers = 14) and fifteen patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease were included. The individuals underwent PET imaging with C-DED, C-PIB and F-FDG, as markers of reactive astrogliosis, amyloid-β deposition, and glucose metabolism, respectively, and plasma sampling for measuring GFAP concentrations. Twenty-one participants from the Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer's Disease group underwent follow-up plasma sampling and ten of these participants underwent follow-up PET imaging.
RESULTS
In mutation carriers, plasma GFAP levels and C-PIB binding increased, while C-DED binding and F-FDG uptake significantly decreased across the estimated years to symptom onset. Cross-sectionally, plasma GFAP demonstrated a negative correlation with C-DED binding in both mutation carriers and patients with sporadic disease. Plasma GFAP indicated cross-sectionally a significant positive correlation with C-PIB binding and a significant negative correlation with F-FDG in the whole sample. The longitudinal levels of C-DED binding showed a significant negative correlation with longitudinal plasma GFAP concentrations over the follow-up interval.
CONCLUSIONS
Plasma GFAP concentration and astrocyte C-DED brain binding levels followed divergent trajectories and may reflect different underlying processes. The strong negative association between plasma GFAP and C-DED binding in Autosomal Dominant and sporadic Alzheimer's disease brains may indicate that if both are markers of reactive astrogliosis, they may detect different states or subtypes of astrogliosis. Increased C-DED brain binding seems to be an earlier phenomenon in Alzheimer's disease progression than increased plasma GFAP concentration.
Topics: Humans; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Gliosis; Inflammation
PubMed: 37697307
DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00647-y -
Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official... Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Diagnostic Imaging; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Gallium Radioisotopes; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Quinolines
PubMed: 37734841
DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266182 -
Journal Francais D'ophtalmologie Jan 2024To investigate whether F-FDG PET/CT might be useful to predict the histology of various orbital tumors based on the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) and the OMSUV...
PURPOSE
To investigate whether F-FDG PET/CT might be useful to predict the histology of various orbital tumors based on the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) and the OMSUV (orbital max SUV)/MLSUV (mean liver SUV) ratio.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
A retrospective single-center study was conducted between May 2019 and December 2020. Patients with an orbital mass who underwent preoperative F-FDG PET/CT followed by an orbital biopsy were included. Tumor histology was classified as follows: orbital inflammation, solid tumor, low-grade lymphoid tumor, and high-grade lymphoid tumor. Orbital tumors were also classified as indolent or aggressive. Data recorded included the orbital SUVmax, OMSUV/MLSUV ratio and additional extra-orbital SUV sites.
RESULTS
Forty-five patients (24 men) were included. There were 15 (33.3%), 14 (31.1%), 9 (20%), and 7 (15.5%) cases of orbital inflammation, solid tumor, low-grade lymphoid tumor, and high-grade lymphoid tumor, respectively. No correlation was found between the OMSUV/MLSUV ratio and orbital SUVmax and tumor histology (Z = -0.77, Z = -0.6, Z = -1.6, and Z = 0.94, all P > 0.05, respectively). No correlation was found between the OMSUV/MLSUV ratio (Z = -1.42, P > 0.05) and orbital SUVmax (Z = -0.82, P > 0.05) and tumor aggressiveness (indolent versus aggressive). Subgroup analyses showed that SUVmax was predictive of lymphoma aggressiveness (P = 0.05) and was able to distinguish orbital cancers (all lymphomas+solid tumors) from benign tumors (P = 0.02).
CONCLUSION
F-FDG PET/CT could not be used to predict the underlying orbital tumor histology. However, more aggressive tumors, especially high-grade lymphomas and cancers, tended to have a higher orbital SUVmax compared to indolent lesions.
Topics: Male; Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Orbital Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Inflammation
PubMed: 37758546
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2023.04.011 -
Annals of Nuclear Medicine Jan 2024Recently, positron emission tomography (PET) with fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) has gained significant attention as an advanced tumor diagnostic imaging... (Review)
Review
Recently, positron emission tomography (PET) with fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) has gained significant attention as an advanced tumor diagnostic imaging tool. FAPI PET has a promising potential owing to its ability to accurately depict most malignant tumors. It has an accuracy that is comparable to or surpassing the diagnostic accuracy of PET using F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Moreover, FAPI PET can identify malignant lesions that may be inconclusive on FDG PET. Beyond its application in neoplastic disorders, there have been encouraging reports suggesting the utility of FAPI PET in non-neoplastic conditions such as respiratory or cardiac diseases. This article aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the recently published articles investigating FAPI and discuss its clinical utility with an emphasis on its application in tumor diagnostics. Numerous radiopharmaceutical FAPIs, including F- and Ga-labeled compounds, have been developed, and they offer various advantages and applications. With the progress in the FAPI PET synthesis to enhance accumulation and retention in pathological lesions, future studies are expected to provide valuable data on its therapeutic efficacy.
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron-Emission Tomography; Neoplasms; Fibroblasts; Gallium Radioisotopes; Quinolines
PubMed: 37861977
DOI: 10.1007/s12149-023-01873-6 -
Nuklearmedizin. Nuclear Medicine Aug 2023We compared the diagnostic accuracies of Ga FAPI-04 PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT for detecting liver metastases (LMs) in patients with different cancer types.
OBJECTIVE
We compared the diagnostic accuracies of Ga FAPI-04 PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT for detecting liver metastases (LMs) in patients with different cancer types.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This retrospective study included 63 patients with liver lesions who underwent F-FDG PET/CT and Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT between May 2020 and May 2022. Patients with histopathologically confirmed primary diagnoses, data that could be accessed retrospectively, liver lesions confirmed by biopsy over at least 3-6 months of follow-up (via ultrasonography, CT, magnetic resonance imaging, PET/CT, or laboratory tests) were included. Patients with secondary malignancies or primary liver malignancies, and/or who could not be followed-up, were excluded.
RESULTS
Of the 63 total patients, 34 (54%) were female, and the mean age was 61 (30-92) years. There were 582 LMs in 51 patients and 35 benign liver lesions in 20 (12 patients had only benign and 8 both benign and malignant lesions). Of the 582 LMs, 472 (81.1%) evidenced F-FDG uptake and 572 (98.2%) Ga-FAPI uptake. The diagnostic accuracies of Ga-FAPI PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT were 98% and 82%, respectively (p < 0.001; McNemar test). When the LMs were compared, the maximum standardized uptake (SUVmax) value was significantly higher on F-FDG PET/CT than Ga-FAPI PET/CT (median: 6.0 vs. 5.4; p = 0.016). However, the LM-to-background ratio (TBR) was significantly higher on Ga-FAPI PET/CT than F-FDG PET/CT (median: 4.1 vs. 2.1; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Ga-FAPI PET/CT detected more LMs than did F-FDG PET/CT, and TBR was significantly higher on Ga-FAPI PET/CT than F-FDG PET/CT.
Topics: Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Male; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Retrospective Studies; Gallium Radioisotopes; Liver Neoplasms
PubMed: 37595623
DOI: 10.1055/a-2127-7699 -
Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official... Dec 2023We evaluated whether the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT can adequately answer patient questions related to [F]FDG PET/CT in common clinical indications before...
We evaluated whether the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT can adequately answer patient questions related to [F]FDG PET/CT in common clinical indications before and after scanning. Thirteen questions regarding [F]FDG PET/CT were submitted to ChatGPT. ChatGPT was also asked to explain 6 PET/CT reports (lung cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma) and answer 6 follow-up questions (e.g., on tumor stage or recommended treatment). To be rated "useful" or "appropriate," a response had to be adequate by the standards of the nuclear medicine staff. Inconsistency was assessed by regenerating responses. Responses were rated "appropriate" for 92% of 25 tasks and "useful" for 96%. Considerable inconsistencies were found between regenerated responses for 16% of tasks. Responses to 83% of sensitive questions (e.g., staging/treatment options) were rated "empathetic." ChatGPT might adequately substitute for advice given to patients by nuclear medicine staff in the investigated settings. Improving the consistency of ChatGPT would further increase reliability.
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Radiopharmaceuticals; Artificial Intelligence; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 37709536
DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266114 -
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine... Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Gallium Radioisotopes; Quinolines; Thyroid Neoplasms; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
PubMed: 37490080
DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06348-4 -
European Heart Journal. Cardiovascular... Oct 2023
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron-Emission Tomography; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Endocarditis
PubMed: 37463273
DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jead175 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory process that is caused by an infecting microorganism and leads to progressive bone destruction and loss. Osteomyelitis can occur at any... (Review)
Review
Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory process that is caused by an infecting microorganism and leads to progressive bone destruction and loss. Osteomyelitis can occur at any age and can involve any bone. The infection can be limited to a single portion of the bone or can involve several regions, such as marrow, cortex, periosteum, and the surrounding soft tissue. Early and accurate diagnosis plays a crucial role in reducing unnecessary treatment measures, improving the patient's prognosis, and minimizing time and financial costs. In recent years, the use of functional metabolic imaging has become increasingly widespread. Among them, F-FDG PET/CT has emerged as a cutting-edge imaging modality that combines anatomical and functional metabolic information. It has seen rapid development in the field of infectious diseases. F-FDG PET/CT has been demonstrated to yield acceptable diagnostic accuracy in a number of infectious and inflammatory diseases. This review aims to provide information about the F-FDGPET/CT in the use of chronic osteomyelitis,osteomyelitis secondary to a contiguous focus of infection and osteomyelitis associated with peripheral vascular disease.
Topics: Humans; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Positron-Emission Tomography; Osteomyelitis
PubMed: 38533511
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1378409