-
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023The importance of gut-liver axis in the pathophysiology of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is being investigated more closely in recent...
Metagenomic signatures reveal the key role of phloretin in amelioration of gut dysbiosis attributed to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease by time-dependent modulation of gut microbiome.
The importance of gut-liver axis in the pathophysiology of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is being investigated more closely in recent times. However, the inevitable changes in gut microbiota during progression of the disease merits closer look. The present work intends to assess the time-dependent gut dysbiosis in MAFLD, its implications in disease progression and role of plant-derived prebiotics in its attenuation. Male C57BL/6J mice were given western diet (WD) for up to 16 weeks and phloretin was administered orally. The fecal samples of mice were collected every fourth week for 16 weeks. The animals were sacrificed at the end of the study and biochemical and histological analyses were performed. Further, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis was performed to investigate longitudinal modification of gut microbiome at different time points. Findings of our study corroborate that phloretin alleviated the metabolic changes and mitigated circulating inflammatory cytokines levels. Phloretin treatment resists WD induced changes in microbial diversity of mice and decreased endotoxin content. Prolonged exposure of WD changed dynamics of gut microbiota abundance and distribution. Increased abundance of pathogenic taxa like , and was noted. Phloretin treatment not only reversed this dysbiosis but also modulated taxonomic signatures of beneficial microbes like , , and . Therefore, the potential of phloretin to restore gut eubiosis could be utilized as an intervention strategy for the prevention of MAFLD and related metabolic disorders.
PubMed: 37744933
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1210517 -
Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam,... Oct 2023Carbon starvation can affect the activity of microbes, thereby affecting the metabolism and the extracellular electron transfer (EET) process of biofilm. In the present...
Carbon starvation can affect the activity of microbes, thereby affecting the metabolism and the extracellular electron transfer (EET) process of biofilm. In the present work, the microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) behavior of nickel (Ni) was investigated under organic carbon starvation by Desulfovibrio vulgaris. Starved D. vulgaris biofilm was more aggressive. Extreme carbon starvation (0% CS level) reduced weight loss due to the severe weakening of biofilm. The corrosion rate of Ni (based on weight loss) was sequenced as 10% CS level > 50% CS level > 100 CS level > 0% CS level. Moderate carbon starvation (10% CS level) caused the deepest pit of Ni in all the carbon starvation treatments, with a maximal pit depth of 18.8 μm and a weight loss of 2.8 mg·cm (0.164 mm·y). The corrosion current density (i) of Ni for the 10% CS level was as high as 1.62 × 10 A·cm, which was approximately 2.9-fold greater than the full-strength medium (5.45 × 10 A·cm). The electrochemical data corresponded to the corrosion trend revealed by weight loss. The various experimental data rather convincingly pointed to the Ni MIC of D. vulgaris following the EET-MIC mechanism despite a theoretically low E value (+33 mV).
Topics: Humans; Desulfovibrio vulgaris; Nickel; Corrosion; Carbon; Biofilms; Weight Loss; Steel; Desulfovibrio
PubMed: 37230047
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108453 -
PloS One 2024Opisthorchis viverrini (O. viverrini, Ov) infection and consumption of high-fat and high-fructose (HFF) diet exacerbate liver and kidney disease. Here, we investigated...
BACKGROUND
Opisthorchis viverrini (O. viverrini, Ov) infection and consumption of high-fat and high-fructose (HFF) diet exacerbate liver and kidney disease. Here, we investigated the effects of a combination of O. viverrini infection and HFF diet on kidney pathology via changes in the gut microbiome and host proteome in hamsters.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
Twenty animals were divided into four groups; 1) fed a normal diet not infected with O. viverrini (normal group), 2) fed an HFF diet and not infected with O. viverrini (HFF), 3) fed a normal diet and infected with O. viverrini (Ov), and 4) fed an HFF diet and infected with O. viverrini (HFFOv). DNA was extracted from fecal samples and the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform. In addition, LC/MS-MS analysis was done. Histopathological studies and biochemical assays were also conducted. The results indicated that the HFFOv group exhibited the most severe kidney injury, manifested as elevated KIM-1 expression and accumulation of fibrosis in kidney tissue. The microbiome of the HFFOv group was more diverse than in the HFF group: there were increased numbers of Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Desulfovibrionaceae and Akkermansiaceae, but fewer Eggerthellaceae. In total, 243 host proteins were identified across all groups. Analysis using STITCH predicted that host proteome changes may lead to leaking of the gut, allowing molecules such as soluble CD14 and p-cresol to pass through to promote kidney disease. In addition, differential expression of TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 (Tab2, involving renal inflammation and injury) are predicted to be associated with kidney disease.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE
The combination of HFF diet and O. viverrini infection may promote kidney injury through alterations in the gut microbiome and host proteome. This knowledge may suggest an effective strategy to prevent kidney disease beyond the early stages.
Topics: Animals; Fructose; Opisthorchiasis; Diet, High-Fat; Metagenomics; Cricetinae; Proteomics; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Kidney Diseases; Opisthorchis; Male; Proteome; Kidney; Mesocricetus; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 38814931
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301907 -
Food & Function Jul 2023Hyperlipidemia is a pathological disorder of lipid metabolism that can cause fatty liver, atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, and other diseases, seriously...
Hyperlipidemia is a pathological disorder of lipid metabolism that can cause fatty liver, atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, and other diseases, seriously endangering people's health. Polysaccharides have been shown to have lipid-lowering potential. In the current study, the anti-hyperlipidemia effect and potential mechanisms of a polysaccharide (BGP-Z31) obtained from barley grass harvested at the stem elongation stage in high-fat diet (HFD)-treated mice were investigated. Results showed that supplementation with BGP-Z31 (200 and 400 mg kg) not only suppressed obesity, organ enlargement, and fat accumulation caused by HFD, but also regulated dyslipidemia, relieved liver function injury, and ameliorated the oxidative stress level. Meanwhile, BGP-Z31 increased the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and isovaleric acid in HFD-induced mice. Gut microbiota analysis demonstrated that BGP-Z31 had no obvious effect on the gut microbiota diversity in mice treated with HFD, but it positively remodeled the intestinal flora structure by elevating the relative abundances of , Muribaculaceae, and Lachnospiraceae and lowering the Firmicutes/ value and the relative abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae. Therefore, our data suggested that BGP-Z31 can be used as a promising nutritional supplement for dietary intervention in hyperlipidemia.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Hordeum; Diet, High-Fat; Obesity; Polysaccharides; Liver; Hyperlipidemias; Metabolic Diseases; Mice, Inbred C57BL
PubMed: 37449927
DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01451g -
Chemosphere Sep 2023Both soil irrigation and sulfur (S) are associated with the precipitation of cadmium (Cd)-sulfide in paddy soil, their interaction affecting on Cd solubility and...
Both soil irrigation and sulfur (S) are associated with the precipitation of cadmium (Cd)-sulfide in paddy soil, their interaction affecting on Cd solubility and extractability is still unknown. This study primarily discusses the effect of exogenous S addition on the bioavailability of Cd in paddy soil under unsteady pe + pH conditions. The experiment was treated with three different water strategies: continuous dryness (CD), continuous flooding (CF), and alternating dry-wet cycles for one cycle (DW). These strategies were combined with three different S concentrations. The results indicate that the CF treatment, particularly when combined with S addition, had the most significant effect on reducing pe + pH and Cd bioavailability in the soil. The reduction of pe + pH from 10.2 to 5.5 resulted in a decrease in soil Cd availability by 58.3%, and Cd accumulation in rice grain by 52.8%, compared to the other treatments. While it was more conducive to the formation of iron plaque on the root surface in DW treatment with S addition at rice maturing stage and enhanced the gathering of Fe/S/Cd. Structural equation model (SEM) analysis further confirmed a significant negative correlation (r = -0.916) between the abundance of soil Fer-reducing bacteria (FeRB) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) like Desulfuromonas, Pseudomonas, Geobacter, and the Cd content in rice grains. This study provides a basic mechanistic understanding of how soil redox status (pe + pH), S addition, and FeRB/SRB interacted with Cd transfer in paddy soil-rice tissues.
Topics: Soil; Oryza; Cadmium; Soil Pollutants; Iron; Bacteria; Desulfovibrio; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
PubMed: 37285980
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139126 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Oct 2023Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) can immobilize heavy metals in soils through biomineralization, and the parent rock and minerals in the soil are critical to the...
Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) can immobilize heavy metals in soils through biomineralization, and the parent rock and minerals in the soil are critical to the immobilization efficiency of SRB. To date, there is little knowledge about the fate of Cd associated with the parent rocks and minerals of soil during Cd immobilized by SRB. In this study, we created a model system using clay-size fraction of soil and SRB to explore the role of SRB in immobilizing Cd in soils from stratigraphic successions with high geochemical background. In the system, clay-size fractions (particle size < 2 µm) with concentration of Cd (0.24-2.84 mg/kg) were extracted from soils for bacteria inoculation. After SRB reaction for 10 days, the Cd fraction tended to transform into iron-manganese bound. Further, two clay-size fractions, i.e., the non-crystalline iron oxide (Fe) and the crystalline iron oxide (Fe), were separated by extraction. The reaction of SRB with them verified the transformation of primary iron-bearing minerals into secondary iron-bearing minerals, which contributed to Cd redistribution. This study shows that SRB could exploit the composition and structure of minerals to induce mineral recrystallization, thereby aggravating Cd redistribution and immobilization in clay-size fractions from stratigraphic successions with high geochemical background.
Topics: Clay; Soil; Cadmium; Soil Pollutants; Minerals; Iron; Desulfovibrio; Sulfates
PubMed: 37549581
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132213 -
Bioresource Technology Apr 2024A robust modeling approach for predicting heavy metal removal by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is currently missing. In this study, four machine learning models were...
A robust modeling approach for predicting heavy metal removal by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is currently missing. In this study, four machine learning models were constructed and compared to predict the removal of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn as individual ions by SRB. The CatBoost model exhibited the best predictive performance across the four subsets, achieving R values of 0.83, 0.91, 0.92, and 0.83 for the Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn models, respectively. Feature analysis revealed that temperature, pH, sulfate concentration, and C/S (the mass ratio of chemical oxygen demand to sulfate) had significant impacts on the outcomes. These features exhibited the most effective metal removal at 35 °C and sulfate concentrations of 1000-1200 mg/L, with variations observed in pH and C/S ratios. This study introduced a new modeling approach for predicting the treatment of metal-containing wastewater by SRB, offering guidance for optimizing operational parameters in the biological sulfidogenic process.
Topics: Cadmium; Lead; Metals, Heavy; Desulfovibrio; Sulfates
PubMed: 38417462
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130501 -
Animal Cells and Systems 2024Inhalation of ambient particulate matter (PM) can disrupt the gut microbiome, while exercise independently influences the gut microbiome by promoting beneficial...
Inhalation of ambient particulate matter (PM) can disrupt the gut microbiome, while exercise independently influences the gut microbiome by promoting beneficial bacteria. In this study, we analyzed changes in gut microbial diversity and composition in response to combined interventions of PM exposure and aerobic exercise, extending up to 12 weeks. This investigation was conducted using mice, categorized into five groups: control group (Con), exercise group (EXE), exercise group followed by 3-day exposure to PM (EXE + 3-day PM), particulate matter exposure (PM), and PM exposure with concurrent treadmill exercise (PME). Notably, the PM group exhibited markedly lower alpha diversity and richness compared to the Con group and our analysis of beta diversity revealed significant variations among the intervention groups. Members of the family showed significant enhancement in the exercise intervention groups (EXE and PME) compared to the Con and PM groups. The biomarker , and were enriched in the EXE group, while , , and were highly enriched in the PM group. Differential abundance analysis revealed that , , and were less abundant in the 12-week PM exposure group than in the 3-day PM exposure group. Moreover, both the 3-day and 12-week PM exposure groups exhibited a reduced relative abundance of , , and compared to non-PM exposure groups. These findings will help delineate the possible roles and associations of altered microbiota resulting from the studied interventions, paving the way for future mechanistic research.
PubMed: 38601060
DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2024.2338855 -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Mar 2024Foodborne carbon dots (CDs) are generally produced during cooking and exist in food items. Generally, CDs are regarded as nontoxic materials, but several studies have...
Foodborne carbon dots (CDs) are generally produced during cooking and exist in food items. Generally, CDs are regarded as nontoxic materials, but several studies have gradually confirmed the cytotoxicity of CDs, such as oxidative stress, reduced cellular activity, apoptosis, etc. However, studies focusing on the health effects of long-term intake of food-borne CDs are scarce, especially in populations susceptible to metabolic disease. In this study, we reported that CDs in self-brewing beer had no effect on glucose metabolism in CHOW-fed mice but exacerbated high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced glucose metabolism disorders via the gut-liver axis. Chronic exposure to foodborne CDs increased fasting glucose levels and exacerbated liver and intestinal barrier damage in HFD-fed mice. The 16s rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that CDs significantly altered the gut microbiota composition and promoted lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis-related KEGG pathways (superpathway of (Kdo)2-lipid A, Kdo transfer to lipid IVA Ill (Chlamydia), lipid IVA biosynthesis, and so on) in HFD-fed mice. Mechanically, CD exposure increased the abundance of Gram-negative bacteria ( and ), thus producing excessive endotoxin-LPS, and then LPS was transferred by the blood circulation to the liver due to the damaged intestinal barrier. In the liver, LPS promoted TLR4/NF-κB/P38 MAPK signaling, thus enhancing systemic inflammation and exacerbating HFD-induced insulin resistance. However, pretreating mice with antibiotics eliminated these effects, indicating a key role for gut microbiota in CDs exacerbating glucose metabolism disorders in HFD-fed mice. The finding herein provides new insight into the potential health risk of foodborne nanoparticles in susceptible populations by disturbing the gut-liver axis.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Lipopolysaccharides; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Liver; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Homeostasis; Glucose; Diet; Mice, Inbred C57BL
PubMed: 38421240
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17656 -
Frontiers in Genetics 2024An increasing amount of evidence suggests that gastrointestinal diseases are risk factors for herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Among them, the gut...
BACKGROUND
An increasing amount of evidence suggests that gastrointestinal diseases are risk factors for herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Among them, the gut microbiota may play a crucial role in this process. Therefore, this study aims to explore the potential causal association between the gut microbiota and HZ and PHN.
METHODS
Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to detect the causal effect between HZ and PHN and the gut microbiota. Gut microbiota data were derived from the MiBioGen consortium, while HZ and PHN data were obtained from the FinnGen database. We selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables with a threshold of < 1 × 10⁻⁵ for the association with the gut microbiota in forward MR analysis and < 5 × 10 for the association with HZ or PHN in reverse MR analysis and then removed SNPs in linkage disequilibrium ( < 0.001) within a distance of 10,000 kb for both the gut microbiota and HZ and PHN. These SNPs were utilized to assess the causal effect between exposures and outcomes using inverse-variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted mean, and weighted median tests.
RESULTS
The class Deltaproteobacteria, order Desulfovibrionales, family Desulfovibrionaceae, and genus were found to reduce the risk of HZ, while the phylum Cyanobacteria, genus group appeared to increase it. The class Coriobacteriia, order Coriobacteriales, family Coriobacteriaceae, genus and genus were found to reduce the risk of PHN, while the genus , genus group, and genus appeared to increase it. Moreover, the onset of HZ was found to increase the level of the genus group. These findings remained robust and unaffected by heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy among SNPs in both forward and reverse MR analysis.
CONCLUSION
This MR study provided evidence supporting a potential causal relationship between the gut microbiota and HZ and PHN. Moreover, we found that the causal effect between the gut microbiota and HZ is bidirectional. Further studies are required to clarify the biological mechanisms linking the gut microbiota and these conditions.
PubMed: 38846958
DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1366824