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Frontiers in Insect Science 2024Building on our previous work, we investigate how dietary shifts affect gut microbial essential amino acid (EAA) provisioning in the lactating cockroach .
INTRODUCTION
Building on our previous work, we investigate how dietary shifts affect gut microbial essential amino acid (EAA) provisioning in the lactating cockroach .
METHOD
To that end, we fed cockroaches three distinct diets: a plant-only Gari diet composed of starchy and granulated root tuber Yucca (), a dog food diet (DF), and a cellulose-amended dog food (CADF) diet. We anticipated that the high carbohydrate, low protein Gari would highlight increased microbial EAA supplementation to the host.
RESULTS
By day 28, we observed distinct profiles of 14 bacterial families in the insect gut microbiomes of the three dietary groups. CADF-fed insects predominantly harbored cellulolytic and nitrogen-fixing bacteria families . In contrast, Gari-fed insects were enriched in anaerobic lignocellulolytic bacteria families and , while DF-fed insects had a prevalence of proteolytic anaerobes and sulfate-reducing bacteria . Furthermore, we confirmed significantly higher EAA supplementation in Gari-fed insects than in non-Gari-fed insects based on δC-EAA offsets between insect and their diets. The δC-EAA offsets between DF and CADF were nearly indistinguishable, highlighting the relevance of using the plant-based Gari in this experiment to unequivocally demonstrate this function in this insect. These results were underscored by lower standard metabolic rate (SMR) relative to the DF insect in Gari-fed (intermediate SMR and dietary quality) and CADF (least SMR and dietary quality) insects.
DISCUSSION
The influence of diet on EAA provisioning and SMR responses in insects underscores the need for further exploration into the role of gut microbial functions in modulating metabolic responses.
PubMed: 38711463
DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2024.1396984 -
Journal of Environmental Management Feb 2024During the long-term stabilization process of landfills, the pressure field undergoes constant changes. This study constructed dynamic pressure changes scenarios of...
During the long-term stabilization process of landfills, the pressure field undergoes constant changes. This study constructed dynamic pressure changes scenarios of high-pressure differentials (0.6 MPa) and low-pressure differentials (0.2 MPa) in the landfill pressure field at 25 °C and 50 °C, and investigated the sulfate reduction behavior in response to landfill dynamic pressure changes. The results showed that the pressurization or depressurization of high-pressure differentials caused more significant differences in sulfate reduction behavior than that of low-pressure differentials. The lowest hydrogen sulfide (HS) release peak concentration under pressurization was only 29.67% of that under initial pressure condition; under depressurization, the highest peak concentration of HS was up to 21,828 mg m, posing a serious risk of HS pollution. Microbial community and correlation analysis showed that pressure had a negative impact on the sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) community, and the SRB community adjusted its structure to adapt to pressure changes. Specific SRBs were further enriched with pressure changes. Differential HS release behavior under pressure changes in the 25 °C pressure environments were mediated by Desulfofarcimen (ASV343) and Desulfosporosinus (ASV1336), while Candidatus Desulforudis (ASV24) and Desulfohalotomaculum (ASV94) played a key role at 50 °C. This study is helpful in the formulation of control strategies for the source of odor pollution in landfills.
Topics: Hydrogen Sulfide; Desulfovibrio; Waste Disposal Facilities; Sulfates
PubMed: 38081091
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119784 -
Gut Microbes 2024Diet is a key player in gut-liver axis. However, the effect of different dietary patterns on gut microbiota and liver functions remains unclear. Here, we used rodent...
Diet is a key player in gut-liver axis. However, the effect of different dietary patterns on gut microbiota and liver functions remains unclear. Here, we used rodent standard chow and purified diet to mimic two common human dietary patterns: grain and plant-based diet and refined-food-based diet, respectively and explored their impacts on gut microbiota and liver. Gut microbiota experienced a great shift with notable increase in , gut bile acid (BA) levels elevated significantly, and liver inflammation was observed in mice fed with the purified diet. Liver inflammation and elevated gut BA levels also occurred in mice fed with the chow diet after receiving ATCC 29,577 (DSV). Restriction of sulfur-containing amino acids (SAAs) prevented liver injury mainly through higher hepatic antioxidant and detoxifying ability and reversed the elevated BA levels due to excess . fermentation of human fecal microbiota with primary BAs demonstrated that DSV enhanced production of secondary BAs. Higher concentration of both primary and secondary BAs were found in the gut of germ-free mice after receiving DSV. In conclusion, Restriction of SAAs in diet may become an effective dietary intervention to prevent liver injury associated with excess in the gut.
Topics: Animals; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Mice; Liver; Humans; Desulfovibrio; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Bile Acids and Salts; Amino Acids; Diet; Feces; Sulfur; Amino Acids, Sulfur
PubMed: 38935546
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2370634 -
Environmental Microbiology Reports Apr 2024Sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are the main culprits of microbiologically influenced corrosion in water-flooding petroleum reservoirs, but some sulphur-oxidising...
Nitrate and oxygen significantly changed the abundance rather than structure of sulphate-reducing and sulphur-oxidising bacteria in water retrieved from petroleum reservoirs.
Sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are the main culprits of microbiologically influenced corrosion in water-flooding petroleum reservoirs, but some sulphur-oxidising bacteria (SOB) are stimulated when nitrate and oxygen are injected, which control the growth of SRB. This study aimed to determine the distributions of SRB and SOB communities in injection-production systems and to analyse the responses of these bacteria to different treatments involving nitrate and oxygen. Desulfovibrio, Desulfobacca, Desulfobulbus, Sulfuricurvum and Dechloromonas were commonly detected via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Still, no significant differences were observed for either the SRB or SOB communities between injection and production wells. Three groups of water samples collected from different sampling sites were incubated. Statistical analysis of functional gene (dsrB and soxB) clone libraries and quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that the SOB community structures were more strongly affected by the nitrate and oxygen levels than SRB clustered according to the sampling site; moreover, both the SRB and SOB community abundances significantly changed. Additionally, the highest SRB inhibitory effect and the lowest dsrB/soxB ratio were obtained under high concentrations of nitrate and oxygen in the three groups, suggesting that the synergistic effect of nitrate and oxygen level was strong on the inhibition of SRB by potential SOB.
Topics: Nitrates; Petroleum; Sulfates; Water; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Bacteria; Desulfovibrio; Organic Chemicals; Sulfur; Oxidation-Reduction
PubMed: 38581137
DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13248 -
Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota in Regard to Atopic Dermatitis and Food Allergies of Children.Biomedicines Mar 2024The gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining human health, as well as in the development of various pathologies, as indicated by a large amount of research....
The gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining human health, as well as in the development of various pathologies, as indicated by a large amount of research. One of the manifestations of an imbalance in the gut microbiome composition is the appearance of various diseases or immune reactions, in particular, atopic dermatitis (AD) and/or food allergies (FA). In this research, using 16S NGS sequencing, it was found that the gut microbiome of children with food allergies and children with atopic dermatitis can be characterized as having higher inflammatory potential. Both groups exhibited an abundance of representatives from the and families, as well as a decrease in the relative number of representatives from the family compared to healthy participants. In the group of participants with food allergies, there was a decrease in the relative number of representatives and family enrichment in relatively healthy participants. In addition, when comparing this group with patients with atopic dermatitis, it was revealed that a number of representatives of such families as , and prevailed. This information confirms that AD and FA correlate with changes in the composition of the gut microbiota. Further research is needed to determine the cause-effect connections and the effect of compounds derived from the microbiota on the AD and FA development and progression, as well as to create new probiotic drugs to prevent and modulate immune responses, including at an early age.
PubMed: 38540166
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12030553 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Mar 2024Human milk is naturally rich in medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols (MLCT), accounting for approximately 30% of the total fat. However, infant formula fat is...
Human milk is naturally rich in medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols (MLCT), accounting for approximately 30% of the total fat. However, infant formula fat is prepared using a physical blend of vegetable oils, which rarely contains MLCT, similar to human milk. The differences in MLCT between human milk and infant formulas may cause different lipid metabolisms and physiological effects on infants, which are unknown. This study aimed to analyze the metabolic characteristics of formula lipid containing novel human milk fat substitutes based on MLCT (FL-MLCT) and compare their effects with those of the physical blend of vegetable oils (FL-PB) on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in mice. Compared with the FL-PB group, the FL-MLCT group showed increased energy expenditure, decreased serum triacylglycerol level, and significantly lower aspartate aminotransferase level, epididymal and perirenal fat weight, and adipocyte size. Moreover, the abundances of /, , and were significantly decreased in the FL-MLCT group. Novel human milk fat substitutes MLCT could inhibit visceral fat accumulation, improve liver function, and modulate the mice gut microbiota composition, which may contribute to controlling obesity.
Topics: Infant; Humans; Mice; Animals; Triglycerides; Lipid Metabolism; Fat Substitutes; Milk, Human; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Plant Oils; Thermogenesis
PubMed: 38501388
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07902 -
Chemosphere Mar 2024High concentrations of metals and sulfates in acid mine drainage (AMD) are the cause of the severe environmental hazard that mining operations pose to the surrounding...
Enhanced bioremediation of acid mine-influenced groundwater with micro-sized emulsified corn oil droplets (MOD) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfovibrio vulgaris) in a microcosm assay.
High concentrations of metals and sulfates in acid mine drainage (AMD) are the cause of the severe environmental hazard that mining operations pose to the surrounding ecosystem. Little study has been conducted on the cost-effective biological process for treating high AMD. The current research investigated the potential of the proposed carbon source and sulfate reduction bacteria (SRB) culture in achieving the bioremediation of sulfate and heavy metals. This work uses individual and combinatorial bioaugmentation and bio-stimulation methods to bioremediate acid-mine-influenced groundwater in batch microcosm experiments. Bioaugmentation and bio-stimulation methods included pure culture SRB (Desulfovibrio vulgaris) and microsized oil droplet (MOD) by emulsifying corn oil. The research tested natural attenuation (T 1), bioaugmentation (T2), biostimulation (T3), and bioaugmentation plus biostimulation (T4) for AM-contaminated groundwater remediation. Bioaugmentation and bio-stimulation showed the greatest sulfate reduction (75.3%) and metal removal (95-99%). Due to carbon supply scarcity, T1 and T2 demonstrated 15.7% and 27.8% sulfate reduction activities. Acetate concentrations in T3 and T4 increased bacterial activity by providing carbon sources. Metal bio-precipitation was substantially linked with sulfate reduction and cell growth. SEM-EDS study of precipitates in T3 and T4 microcosm spectra indicated peaks for S, Cd, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Fe, indicating metal-sulfide association for metal removal precipitates. The MOD provided a constant carbon source for indigenous bacteria, while Desulfovibrio vulgaris increased biogenic sulfide synthesis for heavy metal removal.
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Corn Oil; Desulfovibrio vulgaris; Zea mays; Ecosystem; Desulfovibrio; Metals, Heavy; Bacteria; Acids; Sulfates; Carbon; Sulfides
PubMed: 38368967
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141403 -
Biodegradation Jul 2024Most microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) studies focus on the threat of pinhole leaks caused by MIC pitting. However, microbes can also lead to structural...
Most microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) studies focus on the threat of pinhole leaks caused by MIC pitting. However, microbes can also lead to structural failures. Tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS) biocide mitigated the microbial degradation of mechanical properties of X80 steel pipeline by Desulfovibrio ferrophilus (IS5 strain), a very corrosive sulfate reducing bacterium. It was found that 100 ppm (w/w) THPS added to the enriched artificial seawater (EASW) culture medium before incubation resulted in 2.8-log reduction in sessile cell count after a 7-d incubation at 28 °C under anaerobic conditions, leading to 94% uniform corrosion rate reduction (from 1.3 to 0.07 mm/a), and 84% pitting corrosion rate reduction (from 0.70 to 0.11 mm/a). The X80 dogbone coupon incubated with 100 ppm THPS for 7 d suffered 3% loss in ultimate tensile strain and 0% loss in ultimate tensile strength compared with the abiotic control in EASW. In comparison, the no-treatment X80 dogbone coupon suffered losses of 13% in ultimate tensile strain and 6% in ultimate tensile stress, demonstrating very good THPS efficacy.
Topics: Steel; Corrosion; Desulfovibrio; Biodegradation, Environmental; Disinfectants; Tensile Strength; Carbon
PubMed: 38261083
DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10063-0 -
The Science of the Total Environment Dec 2023Phosphogypsum (PG), a by-product of the phosphate industry, is high in sulfate, (SO), which makes it an excellent substrate for sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) to...
Phosphogypsum (PG), a by-product of the phosphate industry, is high in sulfate, (SO), which makes it an excellent substrate for sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) to produce hydrogen sulfide. This work aimed to optimize SO leaching from PG to achieve a high biological reduction of SO and generate high sulfide concentrations for subsequent use in the biological recovery of elemental sulfur. Five SRB consortia were isolated and enriched from: IS (Industrial sludges), MS (Marine sediments), WC (Winogradsky column), SNV (petroleum industry sediments) and PG (stored Phosphogypsum). The five consortia showed reduction activity when using PG leachate (with water) as source of SO and lactate, acetate, or glucose as the electron donor. The highest reduction rate (81.5 %) was registered using lactate and the IS consortium (81.5 %) followed by MS (79 %) and PG (71 %). To enhance the concentration of leached SO from PG for future utilization with the isolated consortia, PG was treated with NaOH solutions (2 % and 5 %). SO release of 97 % was achieved with a 5 % concentration and the resulting leachate was further diluted to target a SO concentration of 12.4 g·L for utilization with the isolated consortia. Compared to water leachate, a significantly higher reduction rate was registered (2 g·L of SO) using the IS consortium, demonstrating limited inhibition effect of sulfide concentration on SRB functionalities. Moreover, metagenomic analysis of the consortia revealed that using PG as a source of SO increased the abundance of Deltaproteobacteria, including known SRB like Desulfovibrio, Desulfomicrobium, and Desulfosporosinus, as well as novel SRB genera (Cupidesulfovibrio, Desulfocurvus, Desulfococcus) that showed, for the first time, significant potential as novel sulfate-reducers using PG as a SO source.
Topics: Sulfates; Anaerobiosis; Bacteria; Desulfovibrio; Water; Sulfides; Lactates; Oxidation-Reduction
PubMed: 37591387
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166296 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Mar 2024The sulfate-reducing efficiency of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is strongly influenced by the presence of oxygen, but little is known about the oxygen tolerance...
The sulfate-reducing efficiency of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is strongly influenced by the presence of oxygen, but little is known about the oxygen tolerance mechanism of SRB and the effect of oxygen on the metalliferous immobilization by SRB. The performance evaluation, identification of bioprecipitates, and microbial and metabolic process analyses were used here to investigate the As immobilization mechanisms and survival strategies of the SRB1 consortium under different oxygen-containing environments. Results indicated that the sulfate reduction efficiency was significantly decreased under aerobic (47.37%) compared with anaerobic conditions (66.72%). SEM analysis showed that under anaerobic and aerobic conditions, the morphologies of mineral particles were different, whereas XRD and XPS analyses showed that the most of As bioprecipitates under both conditions were arsenic minerals such as AsS and AsS. The abundances of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Desulfovibrio, and Thiomonas anaerobic bacteria were significantly higher under anaerobic than aerobic conditions, whereas the aerobic Pseudomonas showed an opposite trend. Network analysis revealed that Desulfovibrio was positively correlated with Pseudomonas. Metabolic process analysis confirmed that under aerobic conditions the SRB1 consortium generated additional extracellular polymeric substances (rich in functionalities such as Fe-O, SO, CO, and -OH) and the anti-oxidative enzyme superoxide dismutase to resist As stress and oxygen toxicity. New insights are provided here into the oxygen tolerance and detoxification mechanism of SRB and provide a basis for the future remediation of heavy metal(loid)-contaminated environments.
Topics: Microbial Consortia; Anaerobiosis; Desulfovibrio; Sulfates; Oxygen
PubMed: 38056257
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133052