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Current Diabetes Reviews 2024Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease affecting millions worldwide. It is characterized by a lack of insulin production or impaired insulin function, leading to... (Review)
Review
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease affecting millions worldwide. It is characterized by a lack of insulin production or impaired insulin function, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. Conventional treatment methods for diabetes management typically include lifestyle changes and medications. However, alternative therapies have gained attention in recent years, including traditional medicine containing bioactive compounds, supplements like vitamin D and Omega-3 fatty acids, aromatherapy, and homeopathy. Diabetic complications are common in patients with uncontrolled diabetes and can lead to serious health problems, including diabetic retinopathy, impaired wound healing, kidney disease, nerve damage, and cardiovascular disease. Alternative remedies, such as traditional medicine containing bioactive compounds, supplements, and aromatherapy, have been studied for their potential benefits in managing these complications. Traditional medicines like bitter melon, cinnamon, and fenugreek have been shown to have anti-diabetic effects due to their bioactive compounds. Similarly, supplements like vitamin D and Omega-3 fatty acids have been found to improve glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Aromatherapy, which involves the use of essential oils, has also been explored for its potential benefits in diabetes management. Homeopathy, which uses highly diluted substances to stimulate the body's natural healing abilities, has been used to treat diabetes-related symptoms like neuropathy and wounds. Personalized care is essential in natural diabetes management because each person's body and health needs are unique. A holistic approach that addresses the individual's physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being is essential. As research in this field continues to expand, a more comprehensive understanding of diabetes management will lead to improved outcomes for those living with this condition.
Topics: Humans; Complementary Therapies; Diabetes Complications; Dietary Supplements; Aromatherapy; Medicine, Traditional
PubMed: 37691189
DOI: 10.2174/1573399820666230907112430 -
Wound Repair and Regeneration :... 2023Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex disease with alarming worldwide health implications and high mortality rates, largely due to its complications such as cardiovascular... (Review)
Review
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex disease with alarming worldwide health implications and high mortality rates, largely due to its complications such as cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Recent research has shown that procyanidins (PC), a type of flavonoid, have strong antioxidant and free radical elimination effects, and may be useful in improving glucose metabolism, enhancing pancreatic islet cell activity, and decreasing the prevalence of DM complications. This review article presents a systematic search for peer-reviewed articles on the use of PC in the treatment of DM, without any language restrictions. The article also discusses the potential for PC to sensitise DM medications and improve their efficacy. Recent in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated promising results in improving the biological activity and bioavailability of PC for the treatment of DM. The article concludes by highlighting the potential for novel materials and targeted drug delivery methods to enhance the pharmacokinetics and bioactivity of PC, leading to the creation of safer and more effective anti-DM medications in the future.
Topics: Humans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Proanthocyanidins; Wound Healing; Diabetes Complications; Glucose
PubMed: 37553788
DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13115 -
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Oct 2023Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized as important regulators of gene expression in various human diseases. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term metabolic... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized as important regulators of gene expression in various human diseases. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term metabolic disorder associated with serious macro and microvascular complications. This review discusses the potential lncRNAs involved in DM-related complications such as dysfunction of pancreatic beta islets, nephropathy, retinopathy, cardiomyopathy, and peripheral neuropathy.
METHODS
An extensive literature search was conducted in the Scopus database to find information from reputed biomedical articles published on lncRNAs and diabetic complications from 2014 to 2023. All review articles were collected and statistically analyzed, and the findings were summarized. In addition, the potential lncRNAs involved in DM-related complications, molecular mechanisms, and gene targets were discussed in detail.
RESULTS
The lncRNAs ANRIL, E33, MALAT1, PVT1, Erbb4-IR, Gm4419, Gm5524, MIAT, MEG3, KNCQ1OT1, Uc.48+, BC168687, HOTAIR, and NONRATT021972 were upregulated in several diabetic complications. However, βlinc1, H19, PLUTO, MEG3, GAS5, uc.322, HOTAIR, MIAT, TUG1, CASC2, CYP4B1-PS1-001, SOX2OT, and Crnde were downregulated. Remarkably, lncRNAs MALAT1, ANRIL, MIAT, MEG3, H19, and HOTAIR were overlapping in more than one diabetic complication and were considered potential lncRNAs.
CONCLUSION
Several lncRNAs are identified as regulators of DM-related complications. The expression of lncRNAs is up or downregulated depending on the disease context, target genes, and regulatory partners. However, most lncRNAs target oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and angiogenesis pathways to mediate their protective/pathogenic mechanism of action and contribute to DM-related complications.
Topics: Humans; RNA, Long Noncoding; Diabetes Complications; Inflammation; Fibrosis; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 37797393
DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102872 -
Kidney360 Feb 2024Ketone bodies have a negative image because of ketoacidosis, one of the acute and serious complications in diabetes. The negative image persists despite the fact that... (Review)
Review
Ketone bodies have a negative image because of ketoacidosis, one of the acute and serious complications in diabetes. The negative image persists despite the fact that ketone bodies are physiologically produced in the liver and serve as an indispensable energy source in extrahepatic organs, particularly during long-term fasting. However, accumulating experimental evidence suggests that ketone bodies exert various health benefits. Particularly in the field of aging research, there is growing interest in the potential organoprotective effects of ketone bodies. In addition, ketone bodies have a potential role in preventing kidney diseases, including diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a diabetic complication caused by prolonged hyperglycemia that leads to a decline in kidney function. Ketone bodies may help alleviate the renal burden from hyperglycemia by being used as an alternative energy source in patients with diabetes. Furthermore, ketone body production may reduce inflammation and delay the progression of several kidney diseases in addition to DKD. Although there is still insufficient research on the use of ketone bodies as a treatment and their effects, their renoprotective effects are being gradually proven. This review outlines the ketone body-mediated renoprotective effects in DKD and other kidney diseases.
Topics: Humans; Diabetic Nephropathies; Ketone Bodies; Ketosis; Diabetes Complications; Hyperglycemia; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 38227425
DOI: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000359 -
Current Medicinal Chemistry 2024Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) refers to a large class of RNAs with over 200 nucleotides that do not have the function of encoding proteins. In recent years, more and more... (Review)
Review
Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) refers to a large class of RNAs with over 200 nucleotides that do not have the function of encoding proteins. In recent years, more and more literature has revealed that lncRNA is involved in manipulating genes related to human health and disease, playing outstanding biological functions, which has attracted widespread attention from researchers. The newly discovered long-stranded non-coding RNA myocardial infarction-related transcript (LncRNA MIAT) is abnormally expressed in a variety of diseases, especially in diabetic complications, and has been proven to have a wide range of effects. This review article aimed to summarize the importance of LncRNA MIAT in diabetic complications, such as diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic retinopathy, and highlight the latest findings on the pathway and mechanism of its participation in regulating diabetic complications, which may aid in finding new intervention targets for the treatment of diabetic complications. LncRNA MIAT competitively binds microRNAs to regulate gene expression as competitive endogenous RNAs. Thus, this review article has reviewed the biological function and pathogenesis of LncRNA MIAT in diabetic complications and described its role in diabetic complications. This paper will help in finding new therapeutic targets and intervention strategies for diabetes complications.
Topics: RNA, Long Noncoding; Humans; Diabetes Complications; Animals; MicroRNAs; Diabetic Retinopathy; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies
PubMed: 37711129
DOI: 10.2174/0929867331666230914091944 -
British Dental Journal Apr 2024
Topics: Humans; Oral Health; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Complications
PubMed: 38671094
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7363-2 -
Molecular Biology Reports Aug 2023Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) suffer from oral complications related to oral infections, periodontal diseases, and endodontic lesions. Emerging evidence has... (Review)
Review
Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) suffer from oral complications related to oral infections, periodontal diseases, and endodontic lesions. Emerging evidence has revealed the contribution of the epigenetic process as the underlying mechanism of DM complications. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs are epigenetic regulators that directly affect gene expression. The present review elaborated on the role of epigenetic dysregulation in the etiology of diabetes-related periodontal and endodontic diseases. The narrative review study was prepared using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scopus. The formation of glycation products as a result of hyperglycemic condition increases oxidative stress, and elevates chronic inflammatory mediators that could in turn adversely change the cellular environment and alter the epigenetic status. This process contributes to the alteration of regulatory genes expression, leading to the development of diabetes-induced bone complications and impaired odontogenic capacity of pulp. Indeed, epigenetic mechanisms mediate the interaction between gene expression and DM cellular environment. Further investigations on epigenetic factors involved in DM oral complications may provide novel therapeutic targets.
Topics: Humans; Epigenesis, Genetic; DNA Methylation; Diabetes Complications; Hyperglycemia; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 37378745
DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08574-3 -
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Diabetic Neuropathies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
PubMed: 37989348
DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2023-003773 -
The Science of Diabetes Self-management... Jun 2024The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices among providers and patients regarding hearing impairment and screening referrals in...
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices among providers and patients regarding hearing impairment and screening referrals in people with diabetes.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey design among health care providers and patients at an academic medical center in Oklahoma was used to gather knowledge, attitudes, and practices data.
RESULTS
Only 25.6% of providers selected hearing impairment as a complication of diabetes, whereas 96.7% selected retinopathy, kidney dysfunction, and foot infection. Reported barriers to referring patients for hearing impairment screenings were being unfamiliar with recommended screening frequency (57.3%) and existence of higher priorities (35.4%). When asked to select parts of the body affected by diabetes, 21.0% of patients surveyed selected ears, 88.0% selected feet, and 85.0% selected eyes and kidneys. Fewer patients reported being told hearing impairment is a complication of diabetes compared to retinopathy (8.1% vs 85.9%). Additionally, 24.2% of patients reported having a hearing impairment screening, and 96.0% reported having a dilated eye exam.
CONCLUSIONS
Most providers and patients at an academic medical center are unaware of the relationship between diabetes and hearing impairment. Providers reported there are several barriers that need to be overcome to refer patients to audiologists.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Male; Female; Hearing Loss; Middle Aged; Adult; Aged; Health Personnel; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Oklahoma; Referral and Consultation; Mass Screening
PubMed: 38804076
DOI: 10.1177/26350106241250291 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... 2024Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health issue in the twenty-first century, and there are numerous challenges in preventing and alleviating its chronic complications.... (Review)
Review
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health issue in the twenty-first century, and there are numerous challenges in preventing and alleviating its chronic complications. The herb has beneficial therapeutic effects on various human diseases, including DM. Its major flavonoid component, icariin, has significant anti-DM activity and may help improve pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Furthermore, preclinical evidence has shown that icariin and its in vivo bioactive form, icariside II, have preventive and therapeutic effects on several diabetic complications, including diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic vascular endothelial disorder, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic erectile dysfunction. In this review, we present the general and toxicological information concerning icariin and icariside II and review the anti-DM effects of icariin from a molecular perspective. Additionally, we discuss the potential benefits of icariin and icariside II on the important pathological mechanisms of various diabetic complications. Despite positive preclinical evidence, additional investigations are needed before relevant clinical studies can be conducted. Therefore, we conclude with suggestions for future research. Hopefully, this review will provide a comprehensive molecular perspective for future research and product development related to icariin and icariside II in treating DM and diabetic complications.
Topics: Flavonoids; Humans; Epimedium; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Animals; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin Resistance; Male; Diabetic Nephropathies; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies; Erectile Dysfunction
PubMed: 36591787
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2159317