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BMC Psychiatry Aug 2023Depression is a common mental health problem among veterans, with high mortality. Despite the numerous conducted investigations, the prediction and identification of...
BACKGROUND
Depression is a common mental health problem among veterans, with high mortality. Despite the numerous conducted investigations, the prediction and identification of risk factors for depression are still severely limited. This study used a deep learning algorithm to identify depression in veterans and its factors associated with clinical manifestations.
METHODS
Our data originated from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2018). A dataset of 2,546 veterans was identified using deep learning and five traditional machine learning algorithms with 10-fold cross-validation. Model performance was assessed by examining the area under the subject operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, recall, specificity, precision, and F1 score.
RESULTS
Deep learning had the highest AUC (0.891, 95%CI 0.869-0.914) and specificity (0.906) in identifying depression in veterans. Further study on depression among veterans of different ages showed that the AUC values for deep learning were 0.929 (95%CI 0.904-0.955) in the middle-aged group and 0.924(95%CI 0.900-0.948) in the older age group. In addition to general health conditions, sleep difficulties, memory impairment, work incapacity, income, BMI, and chronic diseases, factors such as vitamins E and C, and palmitic acid were also identified as important influencing factors.
CONCLUSIONS
Compared with traditional machine learning methods, deep learning algorithms achieved optimal performance, making it conducive for identifying depression and its risk factors among veterans.
Topics: Middle Aged; Humans; Aged; Deep Learning; Depression; Nutrition Surveys; Veterans; Algorithms
PubMed: 37612646
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05109-9 -
Radiation Oncology (London, England) Aug 2023Hypothyroidism (HT) and subclinical HT after radiotherapy is frequent in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, results in negative impact on patients' quality of... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Thyroid V40 is a good predictor for subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after intensity modulated radiation therapy: a randomized clinical trial.
BACKGROUND
Hypothyroidism (HT) and subclinical HT after radiotherapy is frequent in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, results in negative impact on patients' quality of life. The percentage of thyroid volume receiving more than 40 Gy (V40) ≤ 85% was reported to be a useful dose constraint to adopt during intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) planning. This study aims to verify whether V40 ≤ 85% can be used as an effective dose constraint in IMRT planning in a randomized clinical trial.
METHODS
This single-center 1:1 randomized clinical trial was conducted in Fujian province hospital between March 2018 and September 2022. All patients were treated with IMRT and randomized to induction chemo followed by concurrent chemo-IMRT or concurrent chemo-IMRT alone. Ninety-two clinically NPC patients were included in this study. The thyroid function tests were performed for all patients before and after radiation at regular intervals. Thyroid dose-constraint was defined as V40 ≤ 85%. The primary outcome in this study was subclinical HT.
RESULTS
Median follow up was 34 months. Significant difference in the incidence of subclinical HT between the thyroid dose-constraint group and unrestricted group was observed (P = 0.023). The risk of subclinical HT in the thyroid dose-constraint group was lower than that in the unrestricted group (P = 0.022). Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis indicated that thyroid dose-constraint was a protective effect of subclinical HT (HR = 0.408, 95% CI 0.184-0.904; HR = 0.361, 95% CI 0.155-0.841).
CONCLUSION
V40 ≤ 85% can be used as an effective dose constraint in IMRT planning to prevent radiation-induced subclinical HT.
Topics: Humans; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Quality of Life; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated; Hypothyroidism; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms
PubMed: 37626342
DOI: 10.1186/s13014-023-02329-x -
Anticancer Research Nov 2023Current NPC treatment methods have improved the 5-year survival rates of patients; however, some patients do not benefit from the treatments. Therefore, the existing...
BACKGROUND/AIM
Current NPC treatment methods have improved the 5-year survival rates of patients; however, some patients do not benefit from the treatments. Therefore, the existing treatment methods or new drugs must be developed to improve the patient's prognosis. NAD (P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), an electron reductase highly expressed in various cancers, can convert aziridinyl-substituted quinone-derived compound into an alkylating agent, resulting in cell apoptosis. Therefore, a di-aziridinyl-substituted quinone-derived compound, AZ-1, was designed previously. The present study investigated whether AZ-1 has anticancer activities in NPC cells and explored the underlying mechanism.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
NPC-TW01 cells were used in the study, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, colony formation, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, and immunoblotting assays were performed to assess the cell viability, cell survival, DNA fragmentation, and protein expression, respectively.
RESULTS
The results show that AZ-1 significantly inhibited the viability and survival of NPC-TW01 cells. AZ-1 also induced the expression of cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-8, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3, and triggered DNA fragmentation in NPC-TW01 cells. In addition, AZ-1 induced γH2AX expression, a DNA damage marker, in NPC-TW01 cells. Treatment with dicoumarol, an NQO1 activity inhibitor, not only reversed AZ-1-induced cell viability inhibition but also decreased AZ-1-induced expression of γH2AX, cleaved caspase-8, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3.
CONCLUSION
NQO1 reverses AZ-1-triggered cell viability inhibition, DNA damage, and apoptosis. The findings of this study may provide a basis for the possible clinical application of AZ-1 in the treatment of NPC to improve the prognosis of patients with NPC.
Topics: Humans; Caspase 3; Caspase 8; Caspase 9; NAD; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Quinones; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)
PubMed: 37910001
DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16685 -
American Journal of Reproductive... Mar 2024To evaluate the correlation between the antiannexin A5 antibodies (aAnxA5) multiples of median (MOM) and subsequent pregnancy outcomes in women with recurrent...
PROBLEM
To evaluate the correlation between the antiannexin A5 antibodies (aAnxA5) multiples of median (MOM) and subsequent pregnancy outcomes in women with recurrent miscarriage (RM).
METHODS
Totally, 310 RM women were included in this study and grouped into tertiles according to their MOM of preconception aAnxA5 circulating levels determined by ELISA. The effect of aAnxA5 on the pregnancy outcomes was performed using multiple logistic regression. The outcomes included early miscarriage (before 10 weeks of gestation), late miscarriage (between 10 and 24 weeks), ongoing pregnancy (beyond 10 weeks), and live birth (after 24 weeks) characterized by pregnancy with fetal heartbeat.
RESULTS
For each unit increase in aAnxA5 MOM, the odds of live birth after 24 weeks and ongoing pregnancy were reduced by 40.2% (OR = .598; 95%CI 0.406-0.882, P = .010) and 38.1% (OR = .619; 95%CI 0.424-0.904, P = .013), respectively, after adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics. The rise in aAnxA5 MOM was associated with an increased risk of early miscarriage (OR = 1.616; 95%CI 1.106-2.361, P = .013) and miscarriage (early + late miscarriage) (OR = 1.671; 95%CI 1.134-2.464, P = .010). Further subgroup analyses showed a decreased risk of live birth rates after 24 weeks of gestation in the two subgroups: maternal age ≥35 years (OR = .131; 95%CI 0.026-0.652), and previous pregnancy loss ≥ 3 (OR = .381; 95%CI 0.173-0.837).
CONCLUSIONS
Higher preconception aAnxA5 MOM levels in women with RM may be linked with a decreased risk of live birth after 24 weeks and an increased risk of early miscarriage, especially in individuals aged ≥35 years or with previous pregnancy losses ≥3.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Live Birth; Annexin A5; Abortion, Habitual; China; Aziridines; Benzoquinones
PubMed: 38407361
DOI: 10.1111/aji.13822