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The Psychoanalytic Quarterly 2024The author describes and then clinically illustrates what he terms the ontological dimension of psychoanalysis (having to do with coming into being) and the...
The author describes and then clinically illustrates what he terms the ontological dimension of psychoanalysis (having to do with coming into being) and the epistemological dimension of psychoanalysis (having to do with coming to know and understand). Neither of these dimensions of psychoanalysis exists in pure form; they are inextricably intertwined. Epistemological psychoanalysis, for which Freud and Klein are the principal architects, involves the work of arriving at understandings of play, dreams, and associations; while ontological psychoanalysis, for which Winnicott and Bion are the principal architects, involves creating conditions in which the patient might become more fully alive and real to him- or herself. The author provides clinical illustrations of the ontological dimension of psychoanalysis in which the process of the patient's coming more fully into being is facilitated by the experiences in which the patient feels recognized for the individual he is and is becoming. This occurs in an analysis in which the analyst and patient invent a form of psychoanalysis that is uniquely their own.
Topics: Humans; Male; Psychoanalysis; Dreams; Emotions; Mental Processes; Knowledge
PubMed: 38578260
DOI: 10.1080/00332828.2024.2314776 -
Chemical Reviews Jan 2024In the era of Internet-of-things, many things can stay connected; however, biological systems, including those necessary for human health, remain unable to stay... (Review)
Review
In the era of Internet-of-things, many things can stay connected; however, biological systems, including those necessary for human health, remain unable to stay connected to the global Internet due to the lack of soft conformal biosensors. The fundamental challenge lies in the fact that electronics and biology are distinct and incompatible, as they are based on different materials via different functioning principles. In particular, the human body is soft and curvilinear, yet electronics are typically rigid and planar. Recent advances in materials and materials design have generated tremendous opportunities to design soft wearable bioelectronics, which may bridge the gap, enabling the ultimate dream of connected healthcare for anyone, anytime, and anywhere. We begin with a review of the historical development of healthcare, indicating the significant trend of connected healthcare. This is followed by the focal point of discussion about new materials and materials design, particularly low-dimensional nanomaterials. We summarize material types and their attributes for designing soft bioelectronic sensors; we also cover their synthesis and fabrication methods, including top-down, bottom-up, and their combined approaches. Next, we discuss the wearable energy challenges and progress made to date. In addition to front-end wearable devices, we also describe back-end machine learning algorithms, artificial intelligence, telecommunication, and software. Afterward, we describe the integration of soft wearable bioelectronic systems which have been applied in various testbeds in real-world settings, including laboratories that are preclinical and clinical environments. Finally, we narrate the remaining challenges and opportunities in conjunction with our perspectives.
Topics: Humans; Artificial Intelligence; Wearable Electronic Devices; Biosensing Techniques; Electronics; Delivery of Health Care
PubMed: 38174868
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00502 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2023P53 represses transcription by activating p21 expression and promoting formation of RB1-E2F1 and RBL1/RBL2-DREAM transcription repressor complexes. The DREAM complex is...
P53 represses transcription by activating p21 expression and promoting formation of RB1-E2F1 and RBL1/RBL2-DREAM transcription repressor complexes. The DREAM complex is composed of DP1, RB-family proteins RBL1 or RBL2 (p107/p130), E2F4/5, and MuvB. We recently reported RBL2-DREAM contributes to improved therapy responses in p53 wild-type NSCLC cells and improved outcomes in NSCLC patients whose tumors express wild-type p53. In the current study we identified CSE1L as a novel inhibitor of the RBL2-DREAM pathway and target to activate RBL2-DREAM in NSCLC cells. CSE1L is an oncoprotein that maintains repression of genes that can be reactivated by HDAC inhibitors. Mocetinostat is a HDAC inhibitor in clinical trials with selectivity against HDACs 1 and 2. Knockdown of CSE1L in NSCLC cells or treatment with mocetinostat increased p21, activated RB1 and RBL2, repressed DREAM target genes, and induced toxicity in a manner that required wild-type p53. Lastly, we found high levels of CSE1L and specific DREAM-target genes are candidate markers to identify p53 wild-type NSCLCs most responsive to mocetinostat. Thus, we identified CSE1L as a critical negative regulator of the RB-DREAM pathway in p53 wild-type NSCLC that can be indirectly targeted with HDAC1/2 inhibitors (mocetinostat) in current clinical trials. High expression of CSE1L and DREAM target genes could serve as a biomarker to identify p53 wild-type NSCLCs most responsive to this HDAC1/2 inhibitor.
Topics: Humans; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Benzamides; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Retinoblastoma Protein; Lung Neoplasms; Histone Deacetylase 1
PubMed: 37759078
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43218-3 -
Nature Methods Jul 2023We dream of a future where light microscopes have new capabilities: language-guided image acquisition, automatic image analysis based on extensive prior training from...
We dream of a future where light microscopes have new capabilities: language-guided image acquisition, automatic image analysis based on extensive prior training from biologist experts, and language-guided image analysis for custom analyses. Most capabilities have reached the proof-of-principle stage, but implementation would be accelerated by efforts to gather appropriate training sets and make user-friendly interfaces.
PubMed: 37434001
DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-01912-0 -
IEEE Pulse 2023Most of us know the restorative value of an early night, so on some level we instinctively understand that sleep is good for both the body and the mind. Now, a growing...
Most of us know the restorative value of an early night, so on some level we instinctively understand that sleep is good for both the body and the mind. Now, a growing body of research is starting to show just how vital sleep is to our overall health and longevity. Some believe that laughter is no longer the best medicine-sleep is.
Topics: Humans; Sleep
PubMed: 38386568
DOI: 10.1109/MPULS.2024.3354568 -
Clinical Neurophysiology : Official... Nov 2023
PubMed: 37774480
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.09.001 -
Sex-related differences and hormonal effects in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) study.The British Journal of Ophthalmology Dec 2023To compare dry eye disease (DED) signs and symptoms between men and women, as well as between premenopausal and postmenopausal women, in the Dry Eye Assessment and... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
BACKGROUND/AIMS
To compare dry eye disease (DED) signs and symptoms between men and women, as well as between premenopausal and postmenopausal women, in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) study.
METHODS
434 women and 101 men self-reported prior medical history and underwent a standardised DED assessment using the Ocular Surface Disease Index, Brief Pain Inventory, Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT)(s), Schirmer's test 2 (mm/5 min), National Eye Institute-graded lissamine conjunctival staining, corneal staining, meibomian gland dysfunction evaluation and tear osmolarity (mOsms/L) at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Multivariable linear regression models were used to compare these scores.
RESULTS
Women experienced significantly worse DED signs than men with lower Schirmer's test scores (9.27 vs 12.16; p<0.001), higher corneal staining scores (3.59 vs 2.70; p=0.006) and worse composite DED sign scores (0.52 vs 0.40; p<0.001). Postmenopausal women experienced significantly worse DED signs than premenopausal women with higher corneal staining scores (3.74 vs 2.58, p<0.001), higher conjunctival staining scores (2.80 vs 2.22, p<0.001), higher tear osmolarity (304 vs 299, p=0.004), lower TBUT (3.37 vs 3.93, p=0.047), worse meibomian gland dysfunction (3.05 vs 2.62, p=0.04) and worse composite DED sign scores (0.54 vs 0.42, p<0.001). There were no significant differences in DED symptoms between sex and between premenopausal and postmenopausal women (all p≥0.08).
CONCLUSION
In the DREAM study, women experienced more severe DED signs than men. Further, postmenopausal women presented with more severe DED signs than premenopausal women. Elucidating these differences may improve DED diagnosis and provide future direction in understanding sex-related differences in DED.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT02128763.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Conjunctiva; Cornea; Dry Eye Syndromes; Meibomian Gland Dysfunction; Tears
PubMed: 36575626
DOI: 10.1136/bjo-2022-322238 -
Sleep Medicine Clinics Mar 2024Management of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) includes reducing injurious dream-enactment behaviors, risk of injury to self and bedpartner, and vivid or... (Review)
Review
Management of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) includes reducing injurious dream-enactment behaviors, risk of injury to self and bedpartner, and vivid or disruptive dreams and improving sleep quality and bedpartner sleep disruption. Safety precautions should be reviewed at each visit. Medications to reduce RBD symptoms such as melatonin, clonazepam, pramipexole, and rivastigmine should be considered for most patients. Isolated RBD confers a high lifetime risk of neurodegenerative diseases with a latency often spanning many years. A patient-centered shared decision-making approach to risk disclosure is recommended. Knowledge of the risk allows for life planning and participation in research.
Topics: Humans; Prognosis; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder; Clonazepam; Melatonin; Neurodegenerative Diseases
PubMed: 38368072
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.12.001 -
Chemical Society Reviews Aug 2023C-C cross-coupling by activating C-H bonds is a dream reaction for the chemical community, and visible light-induced transition metal-catalysis under mild reaction... (Review)
Review
C-C cross-coupling by activating C-H bonds is a dream reaction for the chemical community, and visible light-induced transition metal-catalysis under mild reaction conditions is considered a powerful tool to achieve it. Advancement of this research area is still in its infancy because of the chemical and technical complexity of this catalysis. Mechanistic studies illuminating the operative reaction pathways can rationalize the increasing amount of experimental catalysis data and provide the knowledge allowing faster and rational advances in the field. This goal requires complementary experimental and theoretical mechanistic studies, as each of them is unfit to clarify the operative mechanisms alone. In this tutorial review we summarize representative experimental and computational mechanistic studies, highlighting weaknesses, strengths, and synergies between the two approaches.
PubMed: 37464786
DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00960a -
Brain Sciences Apr 2024Lucid dreaming (LD) is a physiological state of consciousness that occurs when dreamers become aware that they are dreaming, and may also control the oneiric content. In... (Review)
Review
Lucid dreaming (LD) is a physiological state of consciousness that occurs when dreamers become aware that they are dreaming, and may also control the oneiric content. In the general population, LD is spontaneously rare; thus, there is great interest in its induction. Here, we aim to review the literature on neuropsychopharmacological induction of LD. First, we describe the circadian and homeostatic processes of sleep regulation and the mechanisms that control REM sleep with a focus on neurotransmission systems. We then discuss the neurophysiology and phenomenology of LD to understand the main cortical oscillations and brain areas involved in the emergence of lucidity during REM sleep. Finally, we review possible exogenous substances-including natural plants and artificial drugs-that increase metacognition, REM sleep, and/or dream recall, thus with the potential to induce LD. We found that the main candidates are substances that increase cholinergic and/or dopaminergic transmission, such as galantamine. However, the main limitation of this technique is the complexity of these neurotransmitter systems, which challenges interpreting results in a simple way. We conclude that, despite these promising substances, more research is necessary to find a reliable way to pharmacologically induce LD.
PubMed: 38790404
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050426