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Drug Delivery and Translational Research Jun 2024Antimicrobial resistance and tolerance (AMR&T) are urgent global health concerns, with alarmingly increasing numbers of antimicrobial drugs failing and a corresponding... (Review)
Review
Antimicrobial resistance and tolerance (AMR&T) are urgent global health concerns, with alarmingly increasing numbers of antimicrobial drugs failing and a corresponding rise in related deaths. Several reasons for this situation can be cited, such as the misuse of traditional antibiotics, the massive use of sanitizing measures, and the overuse of antibiotics in agriculture, fisheries, and cattle. AMR&T management requires a multifaceted approach involving various strategies at different levels, such as increasing the patient's awareness of the situation and measures to reduce new resistances, reduction of current misuse or abuse, and improvement of selectivity of treatments. Also, the identification of new antibiotics, including small molecules and more complex approaches, is a key factor. Among these, novel DNA- or RNA-based approaches, the use of phages, or CRISPR technologies are some potent strategies under development. In this perspective article, emerging and experienced leaders in drug delivery discuss the most important biological barriers for drugs to reach infectious bacteria (bacterial bioavailability). They explore how overcoming these barriers is crucial for producing the desired effects and discuss the ways in which drug delivery systems can facilitate this process.
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Delivery Systems; Animals; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Bacteria; Drug Tolerance
PubMed: 38341386
DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01513-6 -
Molecular Oncology Feb 2024Drug resistance represents a major limitation to the long-term efficacy of anti-cancer treatments. The commonly accepted view is that the selection of inheritable...
Drug resistance represents a major limitation to the long-term efficacy of anti-cancer treatments. The commonly accepted view is that the selection of inheritable genetic mechanisms governs the development of secondary resistance. However, compelling evidence suggests an important role for adaptive cell plasticity and non-genetic mechanisms in the development of therapy resistance. The two phenomena are not mutually exclusive and the interplay between genetic and non-genetic mechanisms may affect tumor evolution during treatment. A broader characterization of the genetic and non-genetic mechanisms of drug resistance may pave the way for more precise and effective therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance.
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Drug Resistance; Epigenesis, Genetic; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
PubMed: 38308461
DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13601 -
American Journal of Infection Control Sep 2023
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Bacterial
PubMed: 37625890
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2023.04.008 -
Journal of Chemotherapy (Florence,... Dec 2023Iron is an essential element for almost all living things. Both iron excess and iron deficiency can damage the body's health, but the body has developed complex... (Review)
Review
Iron is an essential element for almost all living things. Both iron excess and iron deficiency can damage the body's health, but the body has developed complex mechanisms to regulate iron balance. The imbalance of iron homeostasis and lipid peroxidation are important features of ferroptosis. In this review, we summarize the latest regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, the roles of relevant regulators that target ferroptosis for cancer therapy, and their relationship to drug resistance. In conclusion, targeting ferroptosis is an important strategy for cancer therapy.
Topics: Humans; Ferroptosis; Neoplasms; Iron; Drug Resistance; Lipid Peroxidation
PubMed: 36764828
DOI: 10.1080/1120009X.2023.2177808 -
PLoS Pathogens May 2024With the escalating global antimicrobial resistance crisis, there is an urgent need for innovative strategies against drug-resistant microbes. Accumulating evidence... (Review)
Review
With the escalating global antimicrobial resistance crisis, there is an urgent need for innovative strategies against drug-resistant microbes. Accumulating evidence indicates microbial extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, comprehensively elucidating the roles and mechanisms of microbial EVs in conferring resistance could provide new perspectives and avenues for novel antimicrobial approaches. In this review, we systematically examine current research on antimicrobial resistance involving bacterial, fungal, and parasitic EVs, delineating the mechanisms whereby microbial EVs promote resistance. Finally, we discuss the application of bacterial EVs in antimicrobial therapy.
Topics: Extracellular Vesicles; Humans; Bacteria; Fungi; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Bacterial Infections
PubMed: 38696356
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012143 -
Lancet (London, England) Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Global Health; Antimicrobial Stewardship; Drug Resistance, Microbial
PubMed: 38797177
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01076-6 -
Cellular and Molecular Biology... Apr 2024The objectives are to improve the rapid identification method of microbial risk and cut off the route of transmission of resistance genes. When new pathogenic...
The objectives are to improve the rapid identification method of microbial risk and cut off the route of transmission of resistance genes. When new pathogenic microorganisms are found, intervention can be carried out as early as possible to identify the risk of potential pathogen transmission, and timely cut off the transmission route. Hospital air samples were collected to analyse the distribution of environmental pathogenic microorganisms and the characteristics of ARGs resistance genes. The air samples were collected from 12 sampling sites in the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University. In the infusion room, general ward and intensive care unit, no significant difference was found in microorganisms, and no significant difference was found in microbial resistance genes. There were some differences in resistance genes between east and west districts. Combined with the detection of pathogenic microorganisms and resistance genes in our hospital, it is necessary to improve the daily disinfection measures such as air conditioning and fresh air equipment, cut off the infection route, block the transmission of resistance genes, and monitor pathogens and resistance genes in airborne diseases.
Topics: Air Microbiology; Humans; Bacteria; Hospitals; Drug Resistance, Microbial
PubMed: 38678609
DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2024.70.4.29 -
Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology Dec 2023Cancer progression is a dynamic process of continuous evolution, in which genetic diversity and heterogeneity are generated by clonal and subclonal amplification based... (Review)
Review
Cancer progression is a dynamic process of continuous evolution, in which genetic diversity and heterogeneity are generated by clonal and subclonal amplification based on random mutations. Traditional cancer treatment strategies have a great challenge, which often leads to treatment failure due to drug resistance. Integrating evolutionary dynamics into treatment regimens may be an effective way to overcome the problem of drug resistance. In particular, a potential treatment is adaptive therapy, which strategy advocates containment strategies that adjust the treatment cycles according to tumor evolution to control the growth of treatment-resistant cells. In this review, we first summarize the shortcomings of traditional tumor treatment methods in evolution and then introduce the theoretical basis and research status of adaptive therapy. By analyzing the limitations of adaptive therapy and exploring possible solutions, we can broaden people's understanding of adaptive therapy and provide new insights and strategies for tumor treatment.
Topics: Humans; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Neoplasms; Treatment Failure
PubMed: 37898477
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104192 -
Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews Oct 2023In order to adapt to a higher proliferative rate and an increased demand for energy sources, cancer cells rewire their metabolic pathways, a process currently recognized... (Review)
Review
In order to adapt to a higher proliferative rate and an increased demand for energy sources, cancer cells rewire their metabolic pathways, a process currently recognized as a hallmark of cancer. Even though the metabolism of glucose is perhaps the most discussed metabolic shift in cancer, lipid metabolic alterations have been recently recognized as relevant players in the growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Importantly, some of these metabolic alterations are reported to induce a drug resistant phenotype in cancer cells. The acquisition of drug resistance traits severely hinders cancer treatment, being currently considered one of the major challenges of the oncological field. Evidence suggests that Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), which play a crucial role in intercellular communication, may act as facilitators of tumour progression, survival and drug resistance by modulating several aspects involved in the metabolism of cancer cells. This review aims to gather and discuss relevant data regarding metabolic reprograming in cancer, particularly involving the glycolytic and lipid alterations, focusing on its influence on drug resistance and highlighting the relevance of EVs as intercellular mediators of this process.
Topics: Humans; Extracellular Vesicles; Neoplasms; Cell Communication; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Lipids
PubMed: 37225643
DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.05.001 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2024
Topics: Virulence Factors; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Bacteria; Virulence
PubMed: 38510958
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1387087