-
Archives of Dermatological Research Nov 2023Acquired ichthyosis (AI) is a rare, nonhereditary cutaneous disorder that has been associated with numerous neoplastic, infectious, drugs, endocrine, metabolic,... (Review)
Review
Acquired ichthyosis (AI) is a rare, nonhereditary cutaneous disorder that has been associated with numerous neoplastic, infectious, drugs, endocrine, metabolic, autoimmune, and malabsorptive diseases. Review all demographical, clinical, histological, and therapeutic features of AI and focus on all reported associated diseases. We performed a systematic literature review in Pubmed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane collaboration databases, searching for all articles on AI, with no limits on publication date, participant age, sex or nationality. Eighty-four articles were included. Total number of included patients was 167 patients with a mean age at presentation of 39 years [range 0.5-85] and a sex ratio M:F of 5:2. The most common malignancy associated with AI is Hodgkin's lymphoma. AI occurred before, simultaneously or after the onset of malignancy or systemic disease. The severity of AI depends on the severity of the underlying disorder and regresses once the disease goes into remission and may also be a marker of disease recurrence or relapse. 8% have been reported to be drug related and all occurred weeks to months after drug intake and resolved after stopping or decreasing the dose of the drug. Data were derived from case reports and observational studies. Limitations include the accuracy of published data, potential patient selection, and reporting bias. AI can be associated with numerous systemic diseases and drugs. Physicians should be particularly alert to these associations to provide adequate screening and management of patients with AI.
Topics: Humans; Infant; Child, Preschool; Child; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ichthyosis; Recurrence; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37422878
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02668-5 -
Journal of Drugs in Dermatology : JDD Aug 2023Kresch M, Guénin S, Mubasher A, et al. Talquetamab-induced Grover’s disease. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(8):828-829. doi:10.36849/JDD.7170.
Kresch M, Guénin S, Mubasher A, et al. Talquetamab-induced Grover’s disease. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(8):828-829. doi:10.36849/JDD.7170.
Topics: Humans; Acantholysis; Ichthyosis
PubMed: 37556510
DOI: 10.36849/jdd.7170 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023Evaluations of new dry, high-density EEG caps have only been performed so far with serial measurements and not with simultaneous (parallel) measurements. For a first...
Evaluations of new dry, high-density EEG caps have only been performed so far with serial measurements and not with simultaneous (parallel) measurements. For a first comparison of gel-based and dry electrode performance in simultaneous high-density EEG measurements, we developed a new EEG cap comprising 64 gel-based and 64 dry electrodes and performed simultaneous measurements on ten volunteers. We analyzed electrode-skin impedances, resting state EEG, triggered eye blinks, and visual evoked potentials (VEPs). To overcome the issue of different electrode positions in the comparison of simultaneous measurements, we performed spatial frequency analysis of the simultaneously measured EEGs using spatial harmonic analysis (SPHARA). The impedances were 516 ± 429 kOhm (mean ± std) for the dry electrodes and 14 ± 8 kOhm for the gel-based electrodes. For the dry EEG electrodes, we obtained a channel reliability of 77%. We observed no differences between dry and gel-based recordings for the alpha peak frequency and the alpha power amplitude, as well as for the VEP peak amplitudes and latencies. For the VEP, the RMSD and the correlation coefficient between the gel-based and dry recordings were 1.7 ± 0.7 μV and 0.97 ± 0.03, respectively. We observed no differences in the cumulative power distributions of the spatial frequency components for the N75 and P100 VEP peaks. The differences for the N145 VEP peak were attributed to the different noise characteristics of gel-based and dry recordings. In conclusion, we provide evidence for the equivalence of simultaneous dry and gel-based high-density EEG measurements.
Topics: Humans; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Reproducibility of Results; Electroencephalography; Electrodes; Electric Impedance
PubMed: 38139591
DOI: 10.3390/s23249745 -
Phytomedicine : International Journal... Oct 2023Itch (pruritus) is a common unpleasant feeling, often accompanied by the urge of scratching the skin. It is the main symptom of many systemic and skin diseases, which...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Itch (pruritus) is a common unpleasant feeling, often accompanied by the urge of scratching the skin. It is the main symptom of many systemic and skin diseases, which can seriously affect the patient's quality of life. Geraniol (GE; trans-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol) is a natural monoterpene with diverse effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-nociceptive, and anticancer properties. The study aims to examine the effects of GE on acute and chronic itch, and explore the underlying mechanisms.
METHODS
Acute itch was investigated by using Chloroquine and compound 48/80 induced model, followed by manifestation of diphenylcyclopropenone (DCP)-induced allergic contact dermatitis and the acetone-ether-water (AEW)-induced dry skin model in mice. The scratching behavior, skin thickness, c-Fos expression, and GRPR protein expression in the spinal cord were subsequently monitored and evaluated by behavioral tests as well as pharmacological and pharmacogenetic technologies.
RESULTS
Dose-dependent intraperitoneal injection of GE alleviated the acute itch, induced by chloroquine and compound 48/80, as well as increased the spinal c-Fos expression. Intrathecal administration of GE suppressed the GABA receptor inhibitor bicuculline-induced itch, GRP-induced itch, and the GABAergic neuron inhibition-induced itch. Furthermore, the subeffective dose of bicuculline blocked the anti-pruritic effect of GE on the chloroquine and compound 48/80 induced acute itch. GE also attenuated DCP and AEW-induced chronic itch, as well as the increase of spinal GRPR expression in DCP mice.
CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS
GE alleviates both acute and chronic itch via modulating the spinal GABA/GRPR signaling in mice. Findings of this study reveal that GE may provide promising therapeutic options for itch management. Also, considering the pivotal role of essential oils in aromatherapy, GE has great application potential in aromatherapy for treating skin diseases, and especially the skin with severe pruritus.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Antipruritics; Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; Bicuculline; Quality of Life; Pruritus; Spinal Cord; Chloroquine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
PubMed: 37516088
DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154969 -
Journal of Medical Genetics Jul 2023Genetic deletions at Xp22.31 are associated with the skin condition X linked ichthyosis (XLI), and with a substantially increased risk of atrial fibrillation/flutter...
BACKGROUND
Genetic deletions at Xp22.31 are associated with the skin condition X linked ichthyosis (XLI), and with a substantially increased risk of atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF), in males. AF is associated with elevated thrombosis, heart failure, stroke and dementia risk.
METHODS
Through: (a) examining deletion carriers with a diagnosis of AF in UK Biobank, (b) undertaking an online survey regarding abnormal heart rhythms (AHRs) in men/boys with XLI and female carriers of XLI-associated deletions and (c) screening for association between common genetic variants within Xp22.31 and idiopathic AF-related conditions in UK Biobank, we have investigated how AHRs manifest in deletion carriers, and have identified associated risk factors/comorbidities and candidate gene(s). Finally, we examined attitudes towards heart screening in deletion carriers.
RESULTS
We show that AHRs may affect up to 35% of deletion carriers (compared with <20% of age-matched non-carriers), show no consistent pattern of onset but may be precipitated by stress, and typically resolve quickly and respond well to intervention. Gastrointestinal (GI) conditions and asthma/anaemia were the most strongly associated comorbidities in male and female deletion carriers with AHR, respectively. Genetic analysis indicated significant enrichment of common AF risk variants around (7 065 298-7 272 682 bp in GRCh37/hg19 genome build) in males, and of common GI disorder and asthma/anaemia risk variants around (7 866 804-7 895 780 bp) in males and females, respectively. Deletion carriers were overwhelmingly in favour of cardiac screening implementation.
CONCLUSION
Our data suggest AHRs are frequently associated with Xp22.31 deletion, and highlight subgroups of deletion carriers that may be prioritised for screening. Examining cardiac function further in deletion carriers, and in model systems lacking steroid sulfatase, may clarify AF pathophysiology.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Ichthyosis, X-Linked; Heterozygote; Surveys and Questionnaires; Heart Defects, Congenital; Heart
PubMed: 36379544
DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2022-108862 -
Neuroscience Oct 2023Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is an inflammatory factor with an extensive range of biological effects and pleiotropic roles in diseases. Evidence suggests that IL-33 and its... (Review)
Review
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is an inflammatory factor with an extensive range of biological effects and pleiotropic roles in diseases. Evidence suggests that IL-33 and its receptor ST2 play a pivotal role in chronic pain and itch at the level of primary sensory neurons, the spinal cord, and the brain. In this review, we outline an evolving understanding of the roles and mechanisms of IL-33 in chronic pathological pain, including inflammatory, neuropathic, and cancer, and chronic pruritus, such as allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, and dry skin. Understanding the key roles of IL-33/ST2 signaling may provide exciting insights into the mechanisms of chronic pain and itch and lead to new clues for therapeutic approaches to the resolution of chronic pain and itch.
PubMed: 37574108
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.013 -
Allergy Jan 2024Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, pruritic and inflammatory, dry skin condition with many known comorbidities. These include airway disease, food allergies, atopic... (Review)
Review
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, pruritic and inflammatory, dry skin condition with many known comorbidities. These include airway disease, food allergies, atopic eye disease and autoimmune conditions. Furthermore, there is often significant sleep disturbance as well as increased psychological distress and mental health problems. Severe AD therefore often has a significant impact on the quality of life of both patients and their families. In this review we discuss recent findings on the putative links between AD, its association with itch, sleep disturbance and neuropsychiatric morbidity, including the role of inflammation in these conditions. Itch was thought to predominantly drive sleep disruption in AD. We now understand changes in sleep influence immune cell distribution and the associated inflammatory cytokines, which suggests a bidirectional relationship between AD and sleep. We also increasingly recognize inflammation as a key driver in psychological symptoms and disorders. The link between cutaneous, systemic and possible brain inflammation could at least in part be driven by the sleep deprivation and itch-driven neuronal proliferation seen in AD.
Topics: Humans; Dermatitis, Atopic; Quality of Life; Skin; Pruritus; Sleep Wake Disorders; Inflammation; Sleep
PubMed: 37469218
DOI: 10.1111/all.15818 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Dec 2024In dry skin (DS), skin-barrier function is easily disturbed and moisturizing factors in the stratum corneum are reduced. Despite being a common condition, DS is often... (Review)
Review
In dry skin (DS), skin-barrier function is easily disturbed and moisturizing factors in the stratum corneum are reduced. Despite being a common condition, DS is often overlooked in patients with advanced age or comorbid diseases. In September 2022, specialists in dermatology and skin care met to discuss unmet needs and management of patients with DS with existing medical conditions or DS induced by ongoing pharmacological treatments. There was consensus about the need to improve the current understanding and management of DS in patients with comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, radiodermatitis, and photodamaged skin. Clinical guidance related to optimal treatment of DS in patients with advanced age or comorbid diseases is needed. Dexpanthenol-containing emollients have been shown to provide rapid relief from the symptoms and clinical signs of skin inflammation and are well-tolerated and effective in terms of moisturizing and soothing DS and maintaining skin-barrier function. Thus, dexpanthenol-containing emollients may play an important role in future management of DS. Further research is needed to elucidate the efficacy of dexpanthenol across the spectrum of DS, irrespective of comorbidity status or age.
Topics: Humans; Emollients; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Ichthyosis; Pharmaceutical Vehicles; Comorbidity; Pantothenic Acid
PubMed: 38565198
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2024.2326171 -
Tissue Engineering and Regenerative... Jul 2023Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most prevalent inflammatory skin diseases that is characterized by eczematous rashes, intense itching, dry skin, and sensitive skin.... (Review)
Review
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most prevalent inflammatory skin diseases that is characterized by eczematous rashes, intense itching, dry skin, and sensitive skin. Although AD significantly impacts the quality of life and the number of patients keeps increasing, its pathological mechanism is still unknown because of its complexity. The importance of developing new in vitro three-dimensional (3D) models has been underlined in order to understand the mechanisms for the development of therapeutics since the limitations of 2D models or animal models have been repeatedly reported. Thus, the new in vitro AD models should not only be created in 3D structure, but also reflect the pathological characteristics of AD, which are known to be associated with Th2-mediated inflammatory responses, epidermal barrier disruption, increased dermal T-cell infiltration, filaggrin down-regulation, or microbial imbalance. In this review, we introduce various types of in vitro skin models including 3D culture methods, skin-on-a-chips, and skin organoids, as well as their applications to AD modeling for drug screening and mechanistic studies.
Topics: Animals; Dermatitis, Atopic; Quality of Life; Skin
PubMed: 36995643
DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00532-1 -
JAMA Dermatology Nov 2023Because of a paucity of qualitative research on prurigo nodularis (PN), the symptoms and impacts of PN that are most important to patients are poorly understood.
IMPORTANCE
Because of a paucity of qualitative research on prurigo nodularis (PN), the symptoms and impacts of PN that are most important to patients are poorly understood.
OBJECTIVE
To explore patients' perspectives on their PN symptoms and to understand the impacts of the condition.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
One-on-one qualitative telephone interviews were held with English-speaking US adults aged 18 years or older with a confirmed diagnosis of PN, severe pruritus, and moderate to severe sleep disturbance. Participants were recruited via patient associations, patient panels, and social media posts. Interviews took place between September 10, 2020, and March 16, 2021.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The main symptoms of PN and their impacts on quality of life were identified by content analysis of deidentified interview transcripts.
RESULTS
A total of 21 adults with PN (mean [SD] age, 53.1 [11.8] years; 15 [71%] female; 2 African American or Black patients [10%], 1 Asian patient [5%], and 18 White patients [86%]; of these, 1 patient [ 5%] had Hispanic or Latino ethnicity) participated in the interviews. All participants reported itch, pain associated with PN, bleeding or scabbing, and dry skin. Other frequently reported symptoms included lumps or bumps (95%), having a crust on the skin (95%), burning (90%), stinging (90%), lesions or sores (86%), skin discoloration (86%), and raw skin (81%). Of the 17 participants who indicated what their worst symptoms were, 15 (88%) identified itching as the worst or 1 of the worst symptoms. The most frequently reported impacts of PN for quality of life were changes in sleep (100%), daily life (100%), feelings or mood (95%), relationships (95%), social life (81%), and work or school (71%). Overall, the worst impact of PN was its association with impaired feelings or mood.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
This qualitative study suggests the importance of itching, sleep disturbance, and other symptoms and impacts of PN. This information can be used to guide end point selection in clinical trials and to inform patient-centric decision-making in clinical practice.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Male; Prurigo; Quality of Life; Pruritus; Skin; Ethnicity; Pain
PubMed: 37728897
DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.3251