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Brain & NeuroRehabilitation Nov 2023Crossed aphasia (CA) is a type of aphasia caused by cerebral hemispheric lesions on the same side of the dominant hand. The prevalence of CA is extremely rare. To the...
Crossed aphasia (CA) is a type of aphasia caused by cerebral hemispheric lesions on the same side of the dominant hand. The prevalence of CA is extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report in Korea to conduct 6 years of long-term speech therapy in a case of a patient with CA. The patient was a 57-year-old right-handed man with aphasia caused by extensive acute infarction in the right middle cerebral artery territory. He presented with global aphasia, right-left disorientation, and agraphia. Language function recovered in the first 6 months and then plateaued.
PubMed: 38047091
DOI: 10.12786/bn.2023.16.e23 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Feb 2024A 73-year-old woman with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) presented with progressive apperceptive visual agnosia, alexia, agraphia, ventral simultanagnosia,...
A 73-year-old woman with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) presented with progressive apperceptive visual agnosia, alexia, agraphia, ventral simultanagnosia, prosopagnosia, and allocentric (stimulus-centered) left-sided hemispatial neglect. All of these symptoms were attributed to damage to the bilateral occipito-temporal cortices, consistent with ventral variant PCA. While the Pittsburgh compound B uptake was extensively distributed throughout the occipito-parietal (dorsal) and occipito-temporal (ventral) areas, the THK5351 (ligand binding to tau aggregates/astrocyte gliosis) accumulation was limited to the ventral area. These findings suggest that local accumulation of tau proteins and/or astrocyte gliosis over the occipito-temporal cortices can result in ventral variant PCA.
PubMed: 38369357
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2844-23 -
Neurocase Feb 2024We report a patient with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia who developed agraphia, irritability, perseverative and stereotyped behavior, and dietary changes....
We report a patient with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia who developed agraphia, irritability, perseverative and stereotyped behavior, and dietary changes. MRI revealed bilateral frontal convexity atrophy. Neuropsychological examination showed fluent aphasia with perseverative allographic agraphia, mild semantic impairment, and dysexecutive syndrome. Allographic agraphia featured unidirectional conversion from (cursive form of Japanese phonograms) and (Japanese morphograms) to (square form of Japanese phonograms), as opposed to mutual (bidirectional) conversion between and in parieto-occipital gyri lesions. Furthermore, all letters of the word were converted and this whole-word conversion may be characteristic of perseverative behavior in frontotemporal dementia.
Topics: Humans; Frontotemporal Dementia; Agraphia; Male; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Frontal Lobe; Atrophy
PubMed: 38752838
DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2024.2353936 -
British Journal of Neurosurgery Aug 2023A 42-year-old lady presented with acute aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage and developed difficulty recognising faces (prosopagnosia), inability to process visual...
A 42-year-old lady presented with acute aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage and developed difficulty recognising faces (prosopagnosia), inability to process visual information in busy environments (simultagnosia) and difficulty to read (alexia). She was subsequently found to have superficial siderosis on MRI.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Alexia, Pure; Siderosis; Agraphia; Dyslexia; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
PubMed: 31790281
DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2019.1687848 -
Dementia & Neuropsychologia 2024This is the case report of a woman who started to write and read from right to left after anterior cerebral artery stroke, affecting the left supplementary motor area....
This is the case report of a woman who started to write and read from right to left after anterior cerebral artery stroke, affecting the left supplementary motor area. No cases were found in the literature with exactly the same characteristics. She has been able to read and write faster after rehabilitation approach at Sarah Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, in the Belo Horizonte city unit, Brazil, despite the maintenance of the inversion. She returned to her previous activities in an adaptive way. It was discussed how the dysfunction in this cerebral area and its connections may disturb the reading strategy and direction.
PubMed: 38628560
DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0044 -
Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No... Oct 2023The patient was a 66-year-old man brought to the emergency room with impaired consciousness due to hypercarbonemia, managed on a respirator, and diagnosed with...
The patient was a 66-year-old man brought to the emergency room with impaired consciousness due to hypercarbonemia, managed on a respirator, and diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). MRI showed atrophy of the anterior and medial surfaces of the bilateral temporal lobes that was more severe in the right side. The patient had dysgraphia in both kana and kanji. Detailed examinations of the language function revealed impaired single-word comprehension, impaired naming, and surface dysgraphia, leading to the diagnosis of semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA). ALS patients with atrophy of the anterior temporal lobe and surface dysgraphia of kanji may have svPPA as a complication. (Received April 14, 2023; Accepted June 21, 2023; Published October 1, 2023).
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Agraphia; Semantics; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Language; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Aphasia, Primary Progressive; Atrophy
PubMed: 37849367
DOI: 10.11477/mf.1416202493 -
Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press) 2024Vision specialists will benefit from increased awareness of posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) syndrome. Failure to adequately identify the chief complaint as a visual...
Vision specialists will benefit from increased awareness of posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) syndrome. Failure to adequately identify the chief complaint as a visual symptom may lead to incorrect diagnosis or diagnostic delay. A previously healthy, 59-year-old woman presented with a 5-year history of 'losing her stuff'. Upon psychiatric and neuro-ophthalmological evaluation, this symptom was better recognised as a feature of visual agnosia and simultanagnosia. She also presented with multiple previously unrecognised symptoms indicative of higher visual processing dysfunction, such as alexia without agraphia, ocular motor apraxia, optic ataxia, prosopagnosia, akinetopsia and topographagnosia, so further assessment to investigate for PCA was carried out. After a work-up including cognitive assessment, brain structural/functional imaging, and laboratory tests she was diagnosed with visual-variant Alzheimer's disease. Patients with PCA merit a detailed review of their symptoms, as well as the use of office tests such as cognitive evaluation tools, different types of perimetry, colour vision tests, and non-delayed psychiatric consultation for correct management and assessment. This report will emphasise five key aspects to be considered when evaluating patients with PCA.
PubMed: 38357623
DOI: 10.1080/01658107.2023.2257311 -
Rinsho Shinkeigaku = Clinical Neurology Aug 2023A 72-year-old male developed neurological symptoms such as difficulty in charging his electronic money card and making his mobile-phone call ten months before admission....
[Classical cortical superficial siderosis presenting as extensive higher brain dysfunction with hypoperfusion in the frontoparietal lobe on the I-IMP-SPECT: a case report].
A 72-year-old male developed neurological symptoms such as difficulty in charging his electronic money card and making his mobile-phone call ten months before admission. On admission, neurological examination revealed extensive higher brain dysfunction such as impairment in recent memory, executive function disorders, constructional disturbance, agraphia and acalculia. Brain MRI revealed a low intensity lesion on the surface of the cerebral cortex diffusely and symmetrically on T*-weighted images. MRI images are consistent with superficial siderosis. However, the lack of hemosiderin deposition in the brain stem and cerebellar hemisphere was atypical of the classical type of superficial siderosis. I-IMP-SPECT revealed hypoperfusion dominantly in the left hemisphere, particularly in the left frontal and parietal lobes. According to the Boston criteria, the patient with the cerebral microbleeds and cortical superficial siderosis was diagnosed with probable CAA (cerebral amyloid angiopathy).
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Siderosis; Brain Diseases; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy; Cerebral Cortex; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Cerebral Hemorrhage
PubMed: 37518020
DOI: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-001828 -
Cureus Jan 2024Alexia is an acquired reading disorder known as pure alexia or alexia without agraphia when unaccompanied by other higher-level deficits. We present the case of a...
Alexia is an acquired reading disorder known as pure alexia or alexia without agraphia when unaccompanied by other higher-level deficits. We present the case of a 40-year-old man experiencing a sudden-onset headache and blurred vision. Despite an absence of known medical history, the patient exhibited a distinctive difficulty in reading without impairing other language aspects accompanied by a right superior homonymous quadrantanopia. Through comprehensive ophthalmological and neurological evaluations, a diagnosis of pure alexia was established. An imaging scan uncovered a left posterior cerebral artery occlusion as the underlying cause. Meticulous assessments of visual acuity, perimetry, and non-visual functions played a pivotal role in decisively diagnosing this condition. This case emphasizes the indispensable role of ophthalmologists in recognizing urgent clinical conditions that extend beyond ophthalmic concerns.
PubMed: 38384633
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52734 -
Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni... 2024Aphasia is a systemic disorder of formed speech that develops as a result of local brain lesions. Most aphasias are characterized by damage to secondary cortical fields,...
Aphasia is a systemic disorder of formed speech that develops as a result of local brain lesions. Most aphasias are characterized by damage to secondary cortical fields, which in turn are responsible for the performance of the functions of gnosis and praxis, which explains the variability in the manifestations of speech disorders in patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents. However, it is necessary in each case to diagnose the central pathological mechanism, which underlies the development of the entire syndrome and determines the entire clinical picture. The most important task of a speech therapist-aphasiologist is to qualify the defect, namely to isolate the mechanism and analyze the syndrome in order to select individual methods of corrective restoration. This article presents a case of a patient with an ischemic stroke in the left posterior cerebral artery with the development of amnestic aphasia in combination with alexia without agraphia.
Topics: Humans; Posterior Cerebral Artery; Aphasia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Stroke; Speech Disorders; Syndrome
PubMed: 38512090
DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202412403218